Question 1

When a child learns a word and then uses it to describe other objects in the same category (such as calling a black-and-white cow a "Dalmatian cow" after learning about Dalmatian dogs), the child is using _____.

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Question 2

Young children make mistakes in conservation problems because they focus strictly on _____.

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Question 3

The developmentalist who viewed children's cognitive development as embedded in a social context was _____.

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Question 4

Beginning around age 4, children go through a change in thinking that allows them to develop a set of ideas about other people's thinking. This new perspective indicates that the children have developed a _____.

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Question 5

Learning vocabulary by connecting a new word to words and categories that are already understood is called _____.

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Question 6

Most children understand around 500 words by age 2 and 10,000 words by the age of 6. This demonstrates the _____.

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Question 7

The process by which one person learns from another, more experienced mentor as they share social experiences and explorations is known as _____.

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Question 8

A child watches a ball of modeling clay being rolled into a long, sausage-like shape. If the child perceives that the amount of modeling clay remains the same after it is rolled, that child understands the concept of _____.

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Question 9

The term for preschoolers' tendency to view the world and others exclusively from their own personal perspective is _____.

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Question 10

Three-year-old Joss does not want to eat the sandwich his mother made because it has mustard on it. His mother wipes off the mustard, but Joss still will not eat it. This characteristic of preoperational thought, in which the child feels that a thing cannot be undone or restored, is known as _____.

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Question 11

The four obstacles to logical thinking during the preoperational period include centration, focus on appearance, irreversibility, and _____.

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Question 12

The belief that inanimate things (furniture, moon, clouds) are alive is called _____.

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Question 13

_____ is a particular type of centration in which a child may insist that Daddy is his father, not his cousin's uncle.

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Question 14

The set of skills children can perform with assistance but not independently is considered to be within their _____.

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Question 15

Jana always chooses the taller of two glasses when her older brother pours each of them a glass of juice. Even though each glass holds the same amount of juice, she believes that her glass has more. Jana is demonstrating that she does not yet understand the concept of _____.

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Question 16

Children's desire to develop theories to explain what they see and hear is called _____.

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Question 17

The child who says, "I seed the dog," or "My tooths hurt," is demonstrating a language error called _____.

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Question 18

The rapid and sometimes imprecise way in which children learn new words by placing them in mental categories based on their perceived meaning is called _____.

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Question 19

A temporary, sensitive support structure set up to help children work in the zone of proximal development is called _____.

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Question 20

When 2- to 6-year-old children imitate an adult's action that is irrelevant, perhaps even inefficient, it is called _____.

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Quiz 11: Adulthood: Emerging Adulthood