Question 1

Consider the following graph.The data for the graph was obtained at constant temperature.  Which of the following correctly describes the relationship shown on the graph?
(i)V $\infty$ P
(ii)V $\infty$ 1/P
(iii)V = kP
(iv)V = k(1/P)

Accepted Answer

The graph shows an inverse relationship between V and P, meaning that as pressure (P) increases, the volume (V) decreases. This is represented by the equation V = k(1/P), which is choice (iv). Therefore, (iv) is the correct choice. However, (ii) is also a valid choice since it represents the same inverse relationship in a different form. Therefore, the best choice is E, which includes both (ii) and (iv). Choices (i) and (iii) do not accurately describe the relationship shown on the graph.

Question 2

A gas sample occupies 8.15 volume units at 677 pressure units.If possible,find the volume of the gas if the pressure is changed to 278 pressure units.The pressure units are the same in both cases and the temperature is constant.

Accepted Answer

According to Boyle's Law, the product of pressure and volume is constant at constant temperature. This means that P1V1=P2V2, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume. Therefore, we can solve for V2: V2=(P1V1)/P2=(677x8.15)/278=19.8 volume units.

Question 3

Consider the following graph.  This graph is an illustration of which of the following laws?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the following graph.  This graph...

Question 4

The pressure on 474 mL of a gas is changed from 726 mm Hg to 622 mm Hg.What is the volume at the new pressure?

Accepted Answer

To solve the problem, we can use the equation P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume. Plugging in the given values, we get:
726 mm Hg × 474 mL = 622 mm Hg × V₂
V₂ = (726 mm Hg × 474 mL)/622 mm Hg
V₂ = 553 mL, which is closest to answer choice B. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 5

A gas sample was originally in a 2.50 *10² mL container at 25 °C.The gas was transferred to an evacuated 5.00 * 10² mL container,and the pressure was the same in both containers.What is the temperature of the gas in the larger container?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gas sample was originally in a...

Question 6

A container holds 34.3 m³ of gas at 65.0°C.If pressure remains constant,what will the volume be if the temperature falls to 25 °C?

Accepted Answer

Using the formula for the relationship between volume, temperature, and pressure of an ideal gas (V1/T1 = V2/T2), we can solve for V2 when T1 = 65.0°C (338.2 K) and T2 = 25°C (298 K): V2 = (V1/T1) x T2 V2 = (34.3 m³/338.2 K) x 298 K V2 = 3.47 m³ Therefore, the volume will be 30.2 m³ (rounded to 3 significant figures).

Question 7

A gas has a volume of 3.77 m³ at 271 kPa.What will be its volume if the pressure is changed to 535 kPa?

Accepted Answer

Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), the volume at 535 kPa is calculated as V2 = (P1V1)/P2 = (271 kPa * 3.77 m³) / 535 kPa = 1.91 m³.

Question 8

The pressure of a gas is 817 torr at 55.0°C.The quantity of the gas is fixed and the volume remains constant as the pressure is adjusted to 6.00 * 10² torr.What is the resulting temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

Using the combined gas law, we can solve for the final temperature:P1/T1 = P2/T2817 torr / (55.0°C + 273.15) = 6.00 x 10^2 torr / (T2 + 273.15)Solving for T2, we get:T2 = 40.0°C

Question 9

A gas is collected in a container of fixed volume at 25 °C.If the gas exerts a pressure of 685 mm Hg at this temperature,what will the temperature of the gas be when the pressure is 7.60 * 10² mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

We can use the combined gas law:

(P1V1/T1) = (P2V2/T2)

P1 = 685 mm Hg
V1 = fixed volume
T1 = 25 °C + 273.15 = 298.15 K
P2 = 760 mm Hg
V2 = fixed volume
T2 = ?

Simplifying the equation:

T2 = (P2/P1) * (T1)

T2 = (760 mm Hg / 685 mm Hg) * (298.15 K)

T2 = 330.98 K

Converting back to Celsius:

T2 = 330.98 K - 273.15 = 57.83 °C

Therefore, the temperature of the gas will be approximately 58 °C when the pressure is 760 mm Hg. The answer is choice B.

Question 10

Which of the following correctly expresses Boyle's Law?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's Law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature, expressed as V ∝ 1/P.

Question 11

A gas with an initial volume of 34.4 mL,measured at -22°C,is heated to 0°C at constant pressure.What is the new volume of the gas?

Accepted Answer

According to Charles' Law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. Therefore, if the temperature of the gas increases from -22°C to 0°C, its volume will also increase proportionally. Using the formula V1/T1 = V2/T2, where V1 is the initial volume, T1 is the initial temperature, V2 is the final volume, and T2 is the final temperature, we can solve for V2:
V2 = (V1/T1) x T2
V2 = (34.4 mL / 251 K) x 273 K
V2 = 37.4 mL approximately

Question 12

A plastic glove when attached to a flask gives the system a flexible volume.See the illustration below.  From a starting point of 257 mL at 22 °C,to what volume will the system change if the temperature rises to 137 °C due to the heating by the laboratory burner?

Accepted Answer

Since the plastic glove attached to the flask gives the system a flexible volume, we can assume that the pressure remains constant. Therefore, we can use the formula:

V1/T1 = V2/T2

where V1 and T1 are the initial volume and temperature, and V2 is the final volume at the new temperature of 137 °C.

Plugging in the values, we get:

257 mL / (22 + 273) K = V2 / (137 + 273) K

Solving for V2, we get:

V2 = (257 mL / 295 K) * 410 K = 357 mL

Therefore, the answer is D, 357 mL.

Question 13

A scientist builds a "pressure thermometer" by sealing air in a tank.If the pressure inside the tank is 946 mm Hg when it is placed in a boiling water bath at 99 °C,and 749 mm Hg when left on the laboratory bench,what is the temperature in the lab?

Accepted Answer

This problem can be solved using the Gay-Lussac's Law of Pressure-Temperature, which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins. The formula is $ P_1/T_1 = P_2/T_2 $, where $ P_1 $ and $ P_2 $ are the pressures at temperatures $ T_1 $ and $ T_2 $, respectively. Given $ P_1 = 946 $ mm Hg at $ T_1 = 99 $ °C (which is 372 K, since you add 273 to convert Celsius to Kelvin) and $ P_2 = 749 $ mm Hg, we need to find $ T_2 $ in °C.Rearranging the formula to solve for $ T_2 $, we get $ T_2 = T_1 \times (P_2 / P_1) $. Plugging in the numbers: $ T_2 = 372 \times (749 / 946) $ gives $ T_2 $ in Kelvin. Converting the result back to Celsius by subtracting 273 will give the temperature in the lab, which is approximately 22 °C.

Question 14

Which of the following correctly expresses Charles's Law?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following correctly expresses Charles's...

Question 15

The temperature of a gas is 23°C.What is its temperature in kelvins?

Accepted Answer

To convert temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, we need to add 273.15 to the temperature in Celsius. So, 23°C + 273.15 = 296 K.

Question 16

The volume of a sealed gas balloon is changed from 953 mL to 808 mL at constant temperature.The original pressure was 155 kPa.What is the pressure after the volume is reduced
?

Accepted Answer

According to Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature. Using the given values: P2 = (P1V1)/V2 = (155 kPa * 953 mL) / 808 mL = 183 kPa.

Question 17

A fixed quantity of a gas is maintained at a constant temperature.The gas has a volume of 0.847 m³ at 735 torr.What is the pressure of the gas when the volume is changed to 0.905 m³?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A fixed quantity of a gas is...

Question 18

A cylindrical gas chamber has a piston at one end that can be used to compress or expand the gas.If the gas is initially at 992 torr when the volume is 2.77 L,what will be the volume if the pressure is reduced to 501 torr at constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's law: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂V₂ = (P₁V₁) / P₂ = (992 torr x 2.77 L) / 501 torr = 5.48 L

Question 19

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed quantity of an ideal gas at constant pressure?
(i)V $\infty$ T
(ii)V $\infty$ 1/T
(iii)V = kT
(iv)V = k(1/T)

Accepted Answer

The relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed quantity of an ideal gas at constant pressure is governed by the Charles's law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvin), given that pressure is kept constant. Therefore, option (i) is correct. The equation can be written as V ∝ T. According to the gas equation, PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature. If we keep the pressure constant and rearrange the equation to express V in terms of T and other constants, we get V = (nR/P)T. This expression shows that V is directly proportional to T since n, R, and P are constant. Hence, option (iii) is also correct. Thus, the correct answer is option D (i and iii). Option (ii) is incorrect because it represents the relationship between volume and absolute temperature, not temperature alone. Option (iv) is incorrect because it proposes an inverse relationship between volume and temperature, which is inaccurate for ideal gases at constant pressure.

Question 20

A balloon is filled with a gas and has a volume of 1.79 L at 2.82 atm pressure.What will its volume be if the pressure is changed to 5.30 atm?

Accepted Answer

Using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2), we can solve for the new volume:
V2 = (P1V1)/P2 = (2.82 atm)(1.79 L)/(5.30 atm) ≈ 0.952 L. Therefore, the answer is choice C.

Quiz 4: Introduction to Gases

A gas sample occupies 8.15 volume units at 677 pressure units.If possible,find the volume of the gas if the pressure is changed to 278 pressure units.The pressure units are the same in both cases and the temperature is constant.

Consider the following graph. This graph is an illustration of which of the following laws?

The pressure on 474 mL of a gas is changed from 726 mm Hg to 622 mm Hg.What is the volume at the new pressure?

A gas sample was originally in a 2.50 10² mL container at 25 °C.The gas was transferred to an evacuated 5.00 10² mL container,and the pressure was the same in both containers.What is the temperature of the gas in the larger container?

A container holds 34.3 m³ of gas at 65.0°C.If pressure remains constant,what will the volume be if the temperature falls to 25 °C?

A gas has a volume of 3.77 m³ at 271 kPa.What will be its volume if the pressure is changed to 535 kPa?

The pressure of a gas is 817 torr at 55.0°C.The quantity of the gas is fixed and the volume remains constant as the pressure is adjusted to 6.00 * 10² torr.What is the resulting temperature of the gas?

A gas is collected in a container of fixed volume at 25 °C.If the gas exerts a pressure of 685 mm Hg at this temperature,what will the temperature of the gas be when the pressure is 7.60 * 10² mm Hg?

Which of the following correctly expresses Boyle's Law?

A gas with an initial volume of 34.4 mL,measured at -22°C,is heated to 0°C at constant pressure.What is the new volume of the gas?

A plastic glove when attached to a flask gives the system a flexible volume.See the illustration below. From a starting point of 257 mL at 22 °C,to what volume will the system change if the temperature rises to 137 °C due to the heating by the laboratory burner?

A scientist builds a "pressure thermometer" by sealing air in a tank.If the pressure inside the tank is 946 mm Hg when it is placed in a boiling water bath at 99 °C,and 749 mm Hg when left on the laboratory bench,what is the temperature in the lab?

Which of the following correctly expresses Charles's Law?

The temperature of a gas is 23°C.What is its temperature in kelvins?

The volume of a sealed gas balloon is changed from 953 mL to 808 mL at constant temperature.The original pressure was 155 kPa.What is the pressure after the volume is reduced ?

A fixed quantity of a gas is maintained at a constant temperature.The gas has a volume of 0.847 m³ at 735 torr.What is the pressure of the gas when the volume is changed to 0.905 m³?

A cylindrical gas chamber has a piston at one end that can be used to compress or expand the gas.If the gas is initially at 992 torr when the volume is 2.77 L,what will be the volume if the pressure is reduced to 501 torr at constant temperature?

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed quantity of an ideal gas at constant pressure? (i) V $\infty$ T (ii) V $\infty$ 1/T (iii) V = kT (iv) V = k(1/T)

A balloon is filled with a gas and has a volume of 1.79 L at 2.82 atm pressure.What will its volume be if the pressure is changed to 5.30 atm?

Quiz 4: Introduction to Gases

Consider the following graph.The data for the graph was obtained at constant temperature. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship shown on the graph? (i) V ∞\infty∞ P (ii) V ∞\infty∞ 1/P (iii) V = kP (iv) V = k(1/P)

A gas sample occupies 8.15 volume units at 677 pressure units.If possible,find the volume of the gas if the pressure is changed to 278 pressure units.The pressure units are the same in both cases and the temperature is constant.

Consider the following graph. This graph is an illustration of which of the following laws?

The pressure on 474 mL of a gas is changed from 726 mm Hg to 622 mm Hg.What is the volume at the new pressure?

A gas sample was originally in a 2.50 *102 mL container at 25 °C.The gas was transferred to an evacuated 5.00 * 102 mL container,and the pressure was the same in both containers.What is the temperature of the gas in the larger container?

A container holds 34.3 m3 of gas at 65.0°C.If pressure remains constant,what will the volume be if the temperature falls to 25 °C?

A gas has a volume of 3.77 m3 at 271 kPa.What will be its volume if the pressure is changed to 535 kPa?

The pressure of a gas is 817 torr at 55.0°C.The quantity of the gas is fixed and the volume remains constant as the pressure is adjusted to 6.00 * 102 torr.What is the resulting temperature of the gas?

A gas is collected in a container of fixed volume at 25 °C.If the gas exerts a pressure of 685 mm Hg at this temperature,what will the temperature of the gas be when the pressure is 7.60 * 102 mm Hg?

Which of the following correctly expresses Boyle's Law?

A gas with an initial volume of 34.4 mL,measured at -22°C,is heated to 0°C at constant pressure.What is the new volume of the gas?

A plastic glove when attached to a flask gives the system a flexible volume.See the illustration below. From a starting point of 257 mL at 22 °C,to what volume will the system change if the temperature rises to 137 °C due to the heating by the laboratory burner?

A scientist builds a "pressure thermometer" by sealing air in a tank.If the pressure inside the tank is 946 mm Hg when it is placed in a boiling water bath at 99 °C,and 749 mm Hg when left on the laboratory bench,what is the temperature in the lab?

Which of the following correctly expresses Charles's Law?

The temperature of a gas is 23°C.What is its temperature in kelvins?

The volume of a sealed gas balloon is changed from 953 mL to 808 mL at constant temperature.The original pressure was 155 kPa.What is the pressure after the volume is reduced ?

A fixed quantity of a gas is maintained at a constant temperature.The gas has a volume of 0.847 m3 at 735 torr.What is the pressure of the gas when the volume is changed to 0.905 m3?

A cylindrical gas chamber has a piston at one end that can be used to compress or expand the gas.If the gas is initially at 992 torr when the volume is 2.77 L,what will be the volume if the pressure is reduced to 501 torr at constant temperature?

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed quantity of an ideal gas at constant pressure? (i) V ∞\infty∞ T (ii) V ∞\infty∞ 1/T (iii) V = kT (iv) V = k(1/T)

A balloon is filled with a gas and has a volume of 1.79 L at 2.82 atm pressure.What will its volume be if the pressure is changed to 5.30 atm?

A gas sample was originally in a 2.50 10² mL container at 25 °C.The gas was transferred to an evacuated 5.00 10² mL container,and the pressure was the same in both containers.What is the temperature of the gas in the larger container?

A container holds 34.3 m³ of gas at 65.0°C.If pressure remains constant,what will the volume be if the temperature falls to 25 °C?

A gas has a volume of 3.77 m³ at 271 kPa.What will be its volume if the pressure is changed to 535 kPa?

The pressure of a gas is 817 torr at 55.0°C.The quantity of the gas is fixed and the volume remains constant as the pressure is adjusted to 6.00 * 10² torr.What is the resulting temperature of the gas?

A gas is collected in a container of fixed volume at 25 °C.If the gas exerts a pressure of 685 mm Hg at this temperature,what will the temperature of the gas be when the pressure is 7.60 * 10² mm Hg?

A fixed quantity of a gas is maintained at a constant temperature.The gas has a volume of 0.847 m³ at 735 torr.What is the pressure of the gas when the volume is changed to 0.905 m³?

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a fixed quantity of an ideal gas at constant pressure? (i) V $\infty$ T (ii) V $\infty$ 1/T (iii) V = kT (iv) V = k(1/T)