Question 1

Which accessory gland produces 20% to 30% of the semen volume?
A) bulbo-urethral gland
B) seminal vesicles
C) prostate gland
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

The prostate gland contributes 20% to 30% of the semen volume, providing it with a slightly alkaline pH and several enzymes that aid in sperm activation and protection.

Question 2

Which accessory gland neutralizes the acidity of semen before it is ejaculated?
A) bulbo-urethral gland
B) prostate gland
C) seminal vesicles
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

The bulbo-urethral gland, also known as Cowper's gland, secretes a fluid that neutralizes the acidity of the urethra before ejaculation, facilitating the safe passage of sperm.

Question 3

Human egg and sperm are similar in that they ________.
A) have the same degree of motility
B) are produced in similar numbers each month
C) have the same number of chromosomes
D) are about the same size

Accepted Answer

Both human egg and sperm have 23 chromosomes, which combine during fertilization to form a zygote with the full complement of 46 chromosomes. Options A, B, and D are not correct as human egg is much larger than sperm and is not actively motile, while sperm are comparatively smaller and highly motile. Also, women typically produce one mature egg per month, while men produce millions of sperm each day.

Question 4

Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen?
A) the pituitary
B) the bulbourethral glands
C) the prostate
D) seminal glands

Accepted Answer

The seminal glands, also known as the seminal vesicles, are responsible for around 60% of the synthesis of semen. They secrete a fluid that contains fructose and prostaglandins, which serve as nutrients and aids in fertilization. The other glands mentioned (pituitary, bulbourethral, and prostate) contribute to the production or release of semen, but not to the same extent as the seminal glands.

Question 5

The duct of the male reproductive system that empties into the urethra is the ________.
A) urethra
B) epididymis
C) ductus deferens
D) corpus spongiosum

Accepted Answer

The duct that empties into the urethra in the male reproductive system is the ductus deferens, also known as the vas deferens. The urethra is a separate structure that serves as a passageway for both urine and semen. The epididymis is a coiled tube on top of each testicle where sperm mature and are stored, but it does not empty directly into the urethra. The corpus spongiosum is a spongy tissue that helps to maintain the shape of the penis during an erection and surrounds the urethra, but it is not a duct of the male reproductive system.

Question 6

Spermatogenesis involves the ________.
A) formation of haploid sperm
B) formation of four haploid cells from a spermatogonium
C) movement of sperm into the genital tract
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

Spermatogenesis involves the formation of haploid sperm, which is the correct answer. Option B is incorrect as it describes meiosis, which is a part of spermatogenesis but does not encompass the entire process. Option C is incorrect as it describes the movement of sperm rather than their formation. Option D is also incorrect as one of the responses is correct.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vagina?
A) serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte
B) serves as a passageway for menstrual flow
C) is the birth canal
D) receives semen from the penis during sexual intercourse

Accepted Answer

The vagina serves as a passageway for menstrual flow, is the birth canal, and receives semen from the penis during sexual intercourse. However, the primary oocyte is not transported through the vagina, but rather through the fallopian tubes.

Question 8

All of the following may increase the permeability of the glomerular membrane EXCEPT ________.
A) physical injury
B) low blood pressure
C) disease
D) bacterial toxins

Accepted Answer

Low blood pressure (hypotension) typically results in decreased filtration and decreased permeability of the glomerular membrane. Physical injury, disease, and bacterial toxins can all potentially increase the permeability of the glomerular membrane.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is NOT true?
A) The secondary spermatocytes form two spermatids.
B) The spermatogonium forms the primary spermatocyte.
C) The primary spermatocyte forms two secondary spermatocytes.
D) Each spermatogonium forms two sperm.

Accepted Answer

Each spermatogonium forms only one sperm, not two.

Question 10

Erection of the penis is caused by ________.
A) dilation of the veins in the penis
B) a sympathetic reflex
C) engorgement of blood in the erectile tissues
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

Erection of the penis is caused by engorgement of blood in the erectile tissues.

Question 11

Where in the testes do the spermatozoa mature?
A) epididymis
B) seminiferous tubules
C) ductus deferens
D) rete testis

Accepted Answer

Spermatozoa mature in the epididymis, not in the other structures listed.

Question 12

All of the following may cause urobilinogenuria EXCEPT ________.
A) congestive heart failure
B) infectious hepatitis
C) cirrhosis
D) kidney stones

Accepted Answer

Urobilinogenuria is the presence of urobilinogen in the urine. This can occur when there is an excess of bilirubin being processed by the liver or if there is damage to the liver or biliary system. Congestive heart failure, infectious hepatitis, and cirrhosis can all cause liver damage and therefore result in urobilinogenuria. However, kidney stones do not directly affect the liver or biliary system and therefore would not typically result in urobilinogenuria.

Question 13

The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.
A) hormonal action
B) gravity
C) enzymatic activity
D) peristaltic contractions

Accepted Answer

The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to peristaltic contractions, which are rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscle in the walls of the ductus deferens. Hormonal action may affect the production of sperm, but it does not play a direct role in their movement along the ductus deferens. Gravity and enzymatic activity do not contribute to the movement of sperm cells through the ductus deferens.

Question 14

The testes are suspended from what structure?
A) ductus deferens
B) seminiferous tubules
C) rete testis
D) spermatic cord

Accepted Answer

The testes are suspended from the spermatic cord, which contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and other structures that support and supply the testes.

Question 15

The cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about their function?
A) They contract to allow ejaculation.
B) They contract to move the sperm along in the duct.
C) They are responsible for penile erection.
D) They regulate the temperature of the testes.

Accepted Answer

The cremaster muscles are responsible for regulating the temperature of the testes. They do this by contracting or relaxing to bring the testes closer or further away from the body depending on the need for temperature control. They do not directly affect ejaculation or sperm movement, and although they are part of the male reproductive system, they are not responsible for penile erection.

Question 16

What is the enlarged structure at the tip of the penis?
A) corona
B) glans
C) prepuce
D) body

Accepted Answer

The enlarged structure at the tip of the penis is called the glans. The corona refers to the rim of the glans and the prepuce refers to the foreskin (which may or may not cover the glans depending on circumcision status). The body refers to the main shaft of the penis.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding mammary glands?
A) They are modified sebaceous glands.
B) They are modified sweat glands.
C) They are modified ceruminous glands.
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

Mammary glands are modified sweat glands that produce milk. They are not modified sebaceous or ceruminous glands.

Question 18

The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.
A) spermatogonia
B) spermatocytes
C) interstitial cells
D) sustentacular cells

Accepted Answer

The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called interstitial cells, also known as Leydig cells. Spermatogonia are the stem cells that eventually differentiate into spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form sperm. Sustentacular cells, also known as Sertoli cells, provide support and nutrition to developing sperm.

Question 19

What structure transports both urine and semen from the penis?
A) ductus deferens
B) urethra
C) seminal vesicles
D) None of the listed responses is correct.

Accepted Answer

The urethra is a single tubular structure that transports both urine and semen from the penis. The ductus deferens transports semen from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct, while seminal vesicles contribute to the semen composition.

Question 20

The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________.
A) Graafian follicles
B) uterine tubes
C) infundibulum
D) fimbriae

Accepted Answer

The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte and provide a site for fertilization are the uterine tubes, also known as fallopian tubes or oviducts. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped opening at the end of the tube closest to the ovary, and the fimbriae are finger-like projections that sweep over the ovary to capture the released egg. Graafian follicles are structures within the ovary that house maturing eggs before ovulation.

Quiz 3: Main Exercises

Which accessory gland produces 20% to 30% of the semen volume?

Which accessory gland neutralizes the acidity of semen before it is ejaculated?

Human egg and sperm are similar in that they ________.

Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the synthesis of semen?

The duct of the male reproductive system that empties into the urethra is the ________.

Spermatogenesis involves the ________.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vagina?

All of the following may increase the permeability of the glomerular membrane EXCEPT ________.

Which of the following statements about spermatogenesis is NOT true?

Erection of the penis is caused by ________.

Where in the testes do the spermatozoa mature?

All of the following may cause urobilinogenuria EXCEPT ________.

The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.

The testes are suspended from what structure?

The cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about their function?

What is the enlarged structure at the tip of the penis?

Which of the following is true regarding mammary glands?

The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.

What structure transports both urine and semen from the penis?

The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________.