Question 1

Which type of epithelium is found in parts of mammary glands, in salivary gland ducts, and in small regions of the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, and urethra?

Accepted Answer

Stratified columnar epithelium is found in parts of the mammary glands, salivary gland ducts, and small regions of the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, and urethra.

Question 2

What protein do stratified epithelia cells produce?

Accepted Answer

Stratified epithelial cells, such as those found in the skin or lining of the esophagus, produce keratin, a fibrous protein that provides strength and protection to the tissues. Actin, tubulin, and myosin are proteins involved in cellular structure and movement, but are not typically produced by stratified epithelial cells.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of simple epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelium is involved in functions such as absorption, diffusion, and secretion. However, it does not provide significant protection since it consists of a single layer of cells. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion refers to the net movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, until equilibrium is reached. This process occurs due to the random movement of molecules and does not require an input of energy. Option A describes osmosis, which is a special case of diffusion involving water molecules. Option B, on the other hand, describes active transport, which moves substances against their concentration gradient and requires energy input. Therefore, option C is the best description of diffusion.

Question 5

Which type of epithelium constructs the thin walls of the air sac in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The thin walls of the air sac in the lungs, also known as alveoli, are composed of a single layer of flat, thin cells called simple squamous epithelium. This form of tissue allows for easy gas diffusion across the cell membrane, which is necessary for efficient gas exchange during respiration.

Question 6

Epithelial tissue ________.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels.

Question 7

Which type of epithelium is uncommon and is found only in the ducts of certain sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

This is the only type of epithelium that is found specifically in the ducts of certain sweat glands. Stratified squamous epithelium is found in the skin and oral cavity, while stratified columnar epithelium is found in parts of the male urethra and pharynx.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a major category of tissue in the body?

Accepted Answer

While bone is a type of connective tissue, it is not considered a major category of tissue on its own, but rather a subtype within the broader category of connective tissue. The three major categories of tissue in the body are muscle, epithelial, and connective.

Question 9

This "category" of epithelia is found in areas exposed to abrasion and friction.

Accepted Answer

Stratified epithelia are made up of multiple layers of cells, and are often found in areas that experience abrasion and friction, such as the skin (epidermis) and lining of the mouth, throat, and esophagus.

Question 10

What type of epithelium is uncommon and is found in the ducts of certain sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is uncommon and is found in the ducts of certain sweat glands.

Question 11

Two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane with the same properties as a cell membrane. Solution A is a 5 percent salt, and solution B is 10 percent salt. Under these conditions, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration through osmosis. Since solution A has a lower salt concentration than solution B, water will move from solution A to solution B to try to equalize the solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane.

Question 12

Which type of epithelium lines the kidney tubules, the thyroid and other glands, and ducts?

Accepted Answer

The kidneys tubules, thyroid, and other glands and ducts are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium.

Question 13

The functions of the epithelia include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissues do not store energy reserves, but rather have functions such as providing physical protection, controlling permeability, and absorption.

Question 14

Which type of epithelium is found lining the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

The urinary bladder is lined by transitional epithelium, which is capable of stretching to accommodate fluctuations in urine volume.

Question 15

Epithelia are classified and identified by ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

Epithelia are classified and identified by the number of cell layers and general shape. The number of cell layers determines if the epithelia are simple (one layer) or stratified (more than one layer), while the general shape describes the shape of the cells on the outermost layer, such as squamous (flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or columnar (tall and narrow). Function can also influence the naming of epithelia, but it is not the primary classification criteria.

Question 16

Which type of epithelium lines the nasal cavity, the trachea, bronchi, and parts of the male reproductive tract?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines the respiratory tract and parts of the male reproductive tract. It has cilia on its surface that help to move mucus and foreign particles out of the respiratory tract.

Question 17

Which of the following CANNOT diffuse through the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are too large to diffuse through the plasma membrane.

Question 18

What type of epithelium lines most of the digestive tract, the uterine tubes, and the renal collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium lines most of the digestive tract, the uterine tubes, and the renal collecting duct. It is specialized for secretion and absorption and is characterized by tall, column-shaped cells with nuclei located towards the base of the cell.

Question 19

In a 2-percent aqueous solution of some salt, water makes up the remaining ________ percent.

Accepted Answer

A 2-percent aqueous solution means that the salt constitutes 2% of the total solution and water makes up the remaining 98%.

Question 20

________ is the net movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane, from a region of greater water concentration to a region of lesser water concentration.

Accepted Answer

The process described is osmosis, which specifically refers to the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Active transport refers to the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient, while diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. None of the listed responses accurately describe the process of net movement of water across a membrane.

Quiz 3: Main Exercises