Question 1

In a patient with acidosis or a fever,the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift: A) To the right, causing more O₂ to be released to the cells B) To the left, allowing less O₂ to be released to the cells C) Downward, allowing less O₂ to dissolve in the plasma D) Upward, allowing more O₂ to dissolve in the plasma

Accepted Answer

The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to the right by acidosis (low pH)and hypercapnia (increased PaCO₂). The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to the right,not the left,by acidosis (low pH)and hypercapnia (increased PaCO₂); more,not less,O₂ is released to cells. The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to the right,not downward,by acidosis (low pH)and hypercapnia (increased PaCO₂). The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to the right,not upward,by acidosis (low pH)and hypercapnia (increased PaCO₂).

Question 2

A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is:
A) Reactive vasodilation
B) Local bronchoconstriction
C) Decreased respiratory rate
D) Pulmonary artery vasoconstriction

Accepted Answer

Alveolar hypoxia can result in permanent pulmonary artery vasoconstriction.
A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is pulmonary artery vasoconstriction,not reactive vasodilation.
A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is pulmonary artery vasoconstriction,not local bronchoconstriction.
A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is pulmonary artery vasoconstriction,not a decreased respiratory rate.

Question 3

____% of oxygen (O₂)enters the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____% of oxygen (O₂)enters the bloodstream bound...

Question 4

A pulmonologist is discussing the base of the lungs with staff.Which information should be included? At the base of the lungs:
A) Alveolar gas pressure exceeds arterial perfusion pressure.
B) Arterial perfusion pressure and alveolar gas pressure are less than at the apex.
C) Arterial perfusion pressure exceeds alveolar gas pressure.
D) Arterial perfusion and alveolar gas pressure are equal.

Accepted Answer

In the base of the lungs,both arterial and venous pressures are greater than alveolar pressure,and blood flow is not affected by alveolar pressure.
In the base of the lungs,both arterial and venous pressures are greater than alveolar pressure,and blood flow is not affected by alveolar pressure.It is in the apex that alveolar pressure exceeds pulmonary arterial and venous pressures.
In the base of the lungs,both arterial and venous pressures are greater than alveolar pressure,and blood flow is not affected by alveolar pressure.It is in the apex that alveolar pressure exceeds pulmonary arterial and venous pressures.
In the base of the lungs,both arterial and venous pressures are greater than alveolar pressure,and blood flow is not affected by alveolar pressure.In zone II,also part of the apex,alveolar pressure is greater than venous pressure,but not arterial pressure.

Question 5

A pulmonologist,while presenting a seminar on partial pressures of oxygen,would include which statement? At sea level,the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately ___% (round to the nearest whole number).

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pulmonologist,while presenting a seminar on partial...

Question 6

Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care for a patient with a respiratory problem? Under most circumstances,increased work of breathing results in: A) Increased partial pressure of O₂ in the lungs B) Increased oxygen consumption C) Decreased PaCO₂ D) Alterations in alveolar perfusion

Accepted Answer

An increase in the work of breathing can result in a marked increase in oxygen consumption. An increase in the work of breathing can result in a marked increase in oxygen consumption,not in partial pressure. An increase in the work of breathing can result in a marked increase in oxygen consumption; it may not lower CO₂. An increase in the work of breathing can result in a marked increase in oxygen consumption; it would not alter alveolar perfusion.

Question 7

While auscultating a patient's lungs,a nurse recalls the alveoli in the apexes of the lungs are _____ than alveoli in the bases.
A) Larger
B) More numerous
C) More compliant
D) Less perfused

Accepted Answer

The alveoli in the upper portions,or apexes,of the lungs contain a greater residual volume of gas and are larger and less numerous than those in the lower portions.
The alveoli in the upper portions,or apexes,of the lungs contain a greater residual volume of gas and are larger and less numerous,not more,than those in the lower portions.
The alveoli in the upper portions,or apexes,of the lungs contain a greater residual volume of gas and are larger and less numerous than those in the lower portions.The apexes are less compliant.
The apexes of the lungs are better perfused.

Question 8

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions?
Percentage of oxygen in air: 20
Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg
A) 111 mm Hg
B) 124 mm Hg
C) 131 mm Hg
D) 140 mm Hg

Accepted Answer

The partial pressure of oxygen is equal to the percentage of oxygen in the air,20,times the total pressure (700 mm Hg),or 140 mm Hg (700 ´ 0.20 = 140).
The partial pressure of oxygen is equal to the percentage of oxygen in the air,20,times the total pressure (700 mm Hg),or 140 mm Hg (700 ´ 0.20 = 140).
The partial pressure of oxygen is equal to the percentage of oxygen in the air,20,times the total pressure (700 mm Hg),or 140 mm Hg (700 ´ 0.20 = 140).
The partial pressure of oxygen is equal to the percentage of oxygen in the air,20,times the total pressure (700 mm Hg),or 140 mm Hg (700 ´ 0.20 = 140).

Question 9

An 80-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting difficulty breathing.Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume.A nurse suspects the most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.
A) An increase
B) A decrease
C) No change
D) An absence

Accepted Answer

The patient is experiencing an increase in lung compliance.Increased compliance indicates that the lungs or chest wall is abnormally easy to inflate and has lost some elastic recoil.
Decreased compliance is seen in acute breathing disorders.
The patient will see increased compliance.
The patient will see an increase in compliance.

Question 10

Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of lungs at rest?
A) Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached.
B) Vital capacity (VC) is reached.
C) Total lung capacity (TLC) is reached.
D) Residual volume (RV) is reached.

Accepted Answer

Balance between the outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of the lungs occurs at the resting level,the end of expiration,where the FRC is reached.
VC is the amount of air that can be forcibly expired after a maximal inspiration.
TLC is not reflected by outward and inward recoil.
RV is the air that remains trapped in the alveoli.

Question 11

A nurse is teaching staff about the respiratory bronchi.Which information should the nurse include? __________ may be found in the walls of the respiratory bronchi? (Select all that apply,)
A) Smooth muscle
B) Surfactant-producing glands
C) Goblet cells
D) Ciliated cells
E) Epithelial lining

Accepted Answer

The bronchial walls have three layers: an epithelial lining,a smooth muscle layer,and a connective tissue layer.The epithelial lining of the bronchi contains single-celled exocrine glands-the mucus-secreting goblet cells-and ciliated cells.Surfactant-producing glands are found in the alveoli.

Question 12

If a patient's hemoglobin concentration (Hb)is 14 g/100 ml and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂)is 98%,what would be his arterial oxygen content? Remember that 1.34 ml O₂ is the maximum amount of oxygen that can be transported per gram of hemoglobin. Hint: O? content = (1.34 ´ Hb)SaO₂ A) 13.72 ml O2 per 100 ml blood B) 15.38 ml O2 per 100 ml blood C) 18.76 ml O2 per 100 ml blood D) 19.30 ml O2 per 100 ml blood

Accepted Answer

18.76 is the product of 14 ´ 1.34.
18.76 is the product of 14 ´ 1.34.
18.76 is the product of 14 ´ 1.34.
18.76 is the product of 14 ´ 1.34.

Question 13

A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the body.How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO₂)is mainly transported in the blood: A) Attached to oxygen (O₂) B) Dissolved in red blood cells C) Combined with albumin D) In the form of bicarbonate

Accepted Answer

CO₂ is carried in the blood as bicarbonate. CO₂ is carried in the blood as bicarbonate,not attached to O₂. CO₂ is carried in the blood as bicarbonate,not dissolved in red blood cells. CO₂ is carried in the blood as bicarbonate,not combined with albumin.

Question 14

A patient asks how oxygen is transported in the body.What is the nurse's best response? Most of the oxygen (O₂)is transported: A) Dissolved in the plasma B) Bound to hemoglobin C) In the form of carbon dioxide (CO₂) D) As a free-floating molecule

Accepted Answer

Most O₂ is transported bound to hemoglobin. Most O₂ is transported bound to hemoglobin; only a small amount is dissolved in plasma. O₂ is not transported in the form of CO₂. O₂ is transported bound to hemoglobin,not as a free-floating molecule.

Question 15

_____ seconds is required for oxygen (O₂)concentration to equilibrate (equalize)across the alveolocapillary membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ seconds is required for oxygen (O₂)concentration...

Quiz 25: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

In a patient with acidosis or a fever,the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift:

A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is:

____% of oxygen (O₂)enters the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin

A pulmonologist is discussing the base of the lungs with staff.Which information should be included? At the base of the lungs:

A pulmonologist,while presenting a seminar on partial pressures of oxygen,would include which statement? At sea level,the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately ___% (round to the nearest whole number).

Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care for a patient with a respiratory problem? Under most circumstances,increased work of breathing results in:

While auscultating a patient's lungs,a nurse recalls the alveoli in the apexes of the lungs are _____ than alveoli in the bases.

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions? Percentage of oxygen in air: 20 Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg

An 80-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting difficulty breathing.Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume.A nurse suspects the most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.

Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of lungs at rest?

A nurse is teaching staff about the respiratory bronchi.Which information should the nurse include? __________ may be found in the walls of the respiratory bronchi? (Select all that apply,)

If a patient's hemoglobin concentration (Hb) is 14 g/100 ml and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) is 98%,what would be his arterial oxygen content? Remember that 1.34 ml O₂ is the maximum amount of oxygen that can be transported per gram of hemoglobin. Hint: O? content = (1.34 ´ Hb) SaO₂

A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the body.How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is mainly transported in the blood:

A patient asks how oxygen is transported in the body.What is the nurse's best response? Most of the oxygen (O₂) is transported:

_____ seconds is required for oxygen (O₂)concentration to equilibrate (equalize)across the alveolocapillary membrane.

Quiz 25: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

In a patient with acidosis or a fever,the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift:

A consequence of alveolar hypoxia is:

____% of oxygen (O2)enters the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin

A pulmonologist is discussing the base of the lungs with staff.Which information should be included? At the base of the lungs:

A pulmonologist,while presenting a seminar on partial pressures of oxygen,would include which statement? At sea level,the partial pressure of oxygen is approximately ___% (round to the nearest whole number).

Which principle should the nurse remember while planning care for a patient with a respiratory problem? Under most circumstances,increased work of breathing results in:

While auscultating a patient's lungs,a nurse recalls the alveoli in the apexes of the lungs are _____ than alveoli in the bases.

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the lung given the following conditions? Percentage of oxygen in air: 20 Barometric pressure: 700 mm Hg

An 80-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting difficulty breathing.Pulmonary function tests reveal that he has increased residual volume.A nurse suspects the most likely cause of this disorder is _____ in lung compliance.

Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a balance between outward recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of lungs at rest?

A nurse is teaching staff about the respiratory bronchi.Which information should the nurse include? __________ may be found in the walls of the respiratory bronchi? (Select all that apply,)

If a patient's hemoglobin concentration (Hb) is 14 g/100 ml and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) is 98%,what would be his arterial oxygen content? Remember that 1.34 ml O2 is the maximum amount of oxygen that can be transported per gram of hemoglobin. Hint: O? content = (1.34 ´ Hb) SaO2

A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the body.How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO2) is mainly transported in the blood:

A patient asks how oxygen is transported in the body.What is the nurse's best response? Most of the oxygen (O2) is transported:

_____ seconds is required for oxygen (O2)concentration to equilibrate (equalize)across the alveolocapillary membrane.

____% of oxygen (O₂)enters the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin

If a patient's hemoglobin concentration (Hb) is 14 g/100 ml and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) is 98%,what would be his arterial oxygen content? Remember that 1.34 ml O₂ is the maximum amount of oxygen that can be transported per gram of hemoglobin. Hint: O? content = (1.34 ´ Hb) SaO₂

A patient wants to know how carbon dioxide is transported in the body.How should the nurse respond? Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is mainly transported in the blood:

A patient asks how oxygen is transported in the body.What is the nurse's best response? Most of the oxygen (O₂) is transported:

_____ seconds is required for oxygen (O₂)concentration to equilibrate (equalize)across the alveolocapillary membrane.