Question 1

How should one strive to breathe when feeling stressed?

Accepted Answer

When feeling stressed, it is important to take long and deep breaths. This helps to slow down the heart rate, lower blood pressure, and reduce feelings of anxiety. Short and rapid breaths can actually increase feelings of stress and panic.

Question 2

_____ is a multimodal intervention that combines relaxation training,visualization,cognitive restructuring,reinforcement,and other techniques to help people cope with a range of stressors.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the components of cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM). CBSM is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy (A), but the description specifically mentions other techniques beyond cognitive restructuring. Stress inoculation training (C) also incorporates relaxation and cognitive techniques, but it does not necessarily include visualization or reinforcement. Emotional disclosure (D) is a different intervention that involves writing or talking about emotions to improve psychological health.

Question 3

When people write or talk about traumatic events,their skin conductivity,heart rate,and systolic and diastolic blood pressure all:

Accepted Answer

The answer of When people write or talk about traumatic...

Question 4

_____ is considered the cornerstone of many modern relaxation procedures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is considered the cornerstone of many...

Question 5

According to the text,some researchers have proposed that mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques are effective because they reduce people's tendency toward ruminating over stressful experiences.This statement exemplifies:

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques work by reducing rumination over stressful experiences. This is in line with the buffering hypothesis, which suggests that mindfulness practices can protect individuals from the negative effects of stress by reducing rumination and fostering greater emotional regulation.

Question 6

Using fMRI,one study found that volunteers who completed an eight-week course of mindfulness-based stress reduction training exhibited _____ tissue density in their _____.

Accepted Answer

The study found that volunteers who completed the mindfulness-based stress reduction training exhibited increased tissue density in their hippocampus.

Question 7

Darren's psychologist is trying to replace his client's vicious cycle of maladaptive,self-defeating thoughts with healthier,adaptive ones,by,most likely,using:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring involves identifying and changing negative thought patterns and replacing them with more positive, adaptive thoughts. This approach aligns with the psychologist's goal of replacing maladaptive thoughts with healthier ones. Mindfulness-based stress reduction and relaxation therapy may help with relaxation but do not target specific thought patterns. Stress-inoculation training is focused on helping individuals develop coping strategies for future stressful situations and may not specifically address negative thought patterns.

Question 8

Learning to replace thoughts such as "I can't handle this" with "I can handle this" is part of:

Accepted Answer

Learning to replace negative or unhelpful thoughts with more positive and constructive ones is known as cognitive restructuring. This technique is often used in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and is effective in helping individuals to manage stress, anxiety, and other emotional difficulties. Mindfulness-based stress reduction, appraised meaning, and emotional disclosure are also useful approaches for managing stress and improving mental health, but they do not specifically focus on changing cognitive processes.

Question 9

Cognitive-behavioral therapists teach people to manage stress by changing their:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapists teach people to manage stress by changing their thought patterns.

Question 10

In experienced meditators,the relaxation response includes lowered heart rate,lowered blood pressure,reduced oxygen consumption,and:

Accepted Answer

In experienced meditators, the relaxation response leads to a decrease in blood lactate levels, indicating a reduction in stress and anxiety.

Question 11

Which stress-management technique was developed at the Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts as an adjunct to medical treatment for people with a variety of chronic health problems?

Accepted Answer

The stress-management technique developed at the Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts as an adjunct to medical treatment for people with chronic health problems is mindfulness-based stress reduction. The program combines elements of meditation, yoga, and mindfulness exercises to help individuals learn to cope with stress and alleviate the symptoms of chronic illness.

Question 12

_____ is a form of therapy that focuses on using structured meditation to promote a moment-to-moment,nonjudgmental awareness.

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a form of therapy that uses structured meditation to promote a moment-to-moment nonjudgmental awareness. It aims to help individuals stay present in the current moment and focus on their thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations without judgment. MBSR has been found to be effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression.

Question 13

Neuroimaging studies have shown that mindfulness training seems to increase activity in the:

Accepted Answer

Neuroimaging studies have consistently shown that mindfulness training is associated with increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for higher-order cognitive processing, attention, and emotional regulation. The amygdala, hypothalamus, and limbic system are also involved in emotion regulation, but mindfulness training is more strongly associated with prefrontal cortex activation.

Question 14

Which is NOT one of the four requirements cardiologist Herbert Benson (1996)identified for achieving the relaxation response?

Accepted Answer

Herbert Benson identified the need for a quiet place, a comfortable position, and a passive, nonjudgmental attitude as part of the four requirements for achieving the relaxation response. A clear mind is not listed among these requirements; instead, the focus is often on a mental device or focal point (like a word, phrase, or breathing pattern), which is missing from the options provided.

Question 15

Psychologist James Pennebaker conducted a series of expressive writing studies which revealed that,six months after the study took place,students who wrote about ____ visited the university health center far less often than students who wrote about _____.

Accepted Answer

Pennebaker's studies found that students who wrote about stressful experiences visited the university health center less often than those who wrote about everyday things, suggesting that expressive writing about stress can have health benefits.

Question 16

Emotional disclosure has been shown to help reduce the risk of _____ in people who have been diagnosed with alexithymia,or difficulty in identifying and expressing their own emotions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Emotional disclosure has been shown to help...

Question 17

Progressive muscle relaxation and relaxation response are similar in that they both:

Accepted Answer

Both progressive muscle relaxation and relaxation response teach skills to achieve willful relaxation by focusing on the mind-body connection and reducing stress through intentional relaxation techniques.

Question 18

Beatrice has entered a stress-management program at her new college,and she is keeping a stress journal to help her identify what causes her stress,as well as how she responds to stress.Which phase of the program is she experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Beatrice has entered a stress-management program at...

Question 19

A typical stress-management program offered at many colleges helps new students cope with the challenges of transitioning from high school to college; the program includes all of these EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The program includes education, acquiring skills, and practicing skills, but mindfulness is not specifically mentioned as a component.

Question 20

Which of these is NOT a stages of stress inoculation training?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring is a concept that overlaps with aspects of stress inoculation training but is not officially labeled as one of its stages. Stress inoculation training typically includes stages such as reconceptualization, skills acquisition and rehearsal, and application and follow-through.

Quiz 5: Coping With Stress