Question 1

Operations research grew out of World War II groups and is based on _____.

Accepted Answer

Operations research is based primarily on mathematical model building and the application of quantitative techniques to decision-making. Its origins can be traced back to groups formed during World War II to solve military logistical problems.

Question 2

The teamwork philosophy is based in part on the assumption that five people working together can produce more than five people working individually.This philosophy is consistent with the concept of _____.

Accepted Answer

Synergy is the concept of producing a combined result that is greater than the sum of their individual efforts. This aligns with the teamwork philosophy described in the question, where a group of people working together produces more than the same individuals working alone. The other options are not directly related to this concept. Transformation refers to a major change or conversion, entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness, feedback is a communication process for giving and receiving information, and quality is a measure of excellence or superiority.

Question 3

A social group within an organization is part of the:

Accepted Answer

A social group within an organization is not part of the formal structure but instead emerges through the natural interactions and relationships among employees. This is known as the informal organization.

Question 4

Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was _____.

Accepted Answer

Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was human relationships, specifically the social context of work and the attention paid to workers by management.

Question 5

Which of the following refers to financial managers and others who base their decisions on complex quantitative analysis,under the assumption that using advanced mathematics and technology can accurately predict how the market works?

Accepted Answer

The term "quantitative" refers to the use of advanced mathematics and technology to analyze and predict market behavior, which is often utilized by financial managers and other professionals in the field. Options A, B, C, and E are not relevant to this definition.

Question 6

According to Douglas McGregor,the classical perspective on management is consistent with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

According to McGregor, the classical perspective is consistent with Theory X, which assumes that people are inherently lazy and require external motivation and control to work effectively. This perspective is characterized by hierarchical control, division of labor, and a focus on efficiency and productivity.

Question 7

Which of these refers to the management thinking and practice that emphasizes satisfaction of employees' basic needs as the key to increased worker productivity?

Accepted Answer

The human relations movement emphasizes satisfaction of employees' basic needs as the key to increased worker productivity.

Question 8

Airline CEOs,often look for patterns of movement within the airline industry,focusing on the qualities of rhythm,flow,direction,shape and networks of relationships.This type of activity,referred to as _____ thinking,allows a CEO to see the structures that underlie complex situations within the industry and company.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the definition of systems thinking, which involves looking for patterns and understanding the structures that underlie complex situations. Choice B) qualitative thinking refers to subjective and descriptive analysis, while choice C) quantitative thinking involves numerical and statistical analysis. Choice D) conceptual thinking refers to the ability to come up with new ideas and think creatively, while choice E) contingency thinking involves considering multiple options and developing contingency plans.

Question 9

Theory X and Theory Y was developed by _____.

Accepted Answer

Theory X and Theory Y was developed by Douglas McGregor, a management professor at MIT.

Question 10

The behavioural sciences approach is based on which of the following disciplines?

Accepted Answer

The behavioural sciences approach is an interdisciplinary field that draws on multiple disciplines such as anthropology, economics, sociology, and psychology to understand human behaviour. Therefore, the best choice is E, All of these.

Question 11

Maslow's hierarchy of needs started with which of these needs?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs starts with physiological needs, which are necessary for survival, such as food and water. The hierarchy then progresses to safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, and ultimately, self-actualization needs.

Question 12

Organizational development is one specific set of management techniques based in the _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organizational development is one specific set of...

Question 13

A significant contribution of Chester Barnard was the concept of:

Accepted Answer

Chester Barnard's significant contribution was the concept of "the informal organization." This refers to the networks, relationships, and patterns of communication that exist among employees in addition to the formal structure outlined by management. Barnard believed that the informal organization played a crucial role in determining the success or failure of an organization.

Question 14

The management science perspective applies all of the following to managerial problems EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The management science perspective applies statistics, mathematics, and quantitative techniques to managerial problems, but does not necessarily rely on qualitative techniques.

Question 15

From the 1950s until today,which management perspective has remained the enduring?

Accepted Answer

The answer of From the 1950s until today,which management perspective...

Question 16

The most recent subfield of the quantitative perspective is _____,which is reflected in management information systems designed to provide relevant information to managers in a timely and cost-efficient manner.

Accepted Answer

The management information systems fall under the subfield of information technology, which is the most recent addition to the quantitative perspective in management.

Question 17

The _____ emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors,needs and attitudes in the workplace as well as social interactions and group processes.

Accepted Answer

The humanistic perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior, needs, attitudes, and interactions in the workplace, as well as social processes. It focuses on employee well-being, job satisfaction, and motivation, which are essential for increasing productivity and success in the workplace.

Question 18

A "dairy farm" view of management,i.e.,contented cows give more milk,so satisfied workers will give more work was espoused by the:

Accepted Answer

The "dairy farm" view of management is a central principle of the human relations movement, which emphasizes the importance of social factors in the workplace, such as worker satisfaction and motivation. This view suggests that, just as contented cows give more milk, satisfied workers will be more productive and give more work. Therefore, option A, the human relations movement, is the best choice. Option B, the human resource perspective, focuses on managing people as assets and emphasizes training and development. Option C, behavioral science approach, focuses on understanding human behavior in organizations. Option D, management science perspective, emphasizes the use of quantitative methods and data analysis for decision-making. Therefore, these options are not as relevant to the "dairy farm" view of management.

Question 19

The findings provided by the Hawthorne Studies provided the impetus for the _____,despite flawed methodology or inaccurate conclusions.

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne Studies focused on the social and human aspects of work, laying the foundation for the humanistic perspective which emphasized the importance of human needs and relationships in the workplace. The other choices (classical perspective, scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and contingency perspective) do not directly relate to the Hawthorne Studies or their findings.

Question 20

The human resources perspective of management links motivation theories with _____.

Accepted Answer

The human resources perspective of management focuses on motivating employees to perform better in their tasks, which is directly linked with employee tasks.

Quiz 2: The Evolution of Management Thinking