Question 1

What is the underlying thesis of the effort-reward imbalance model of stress propose?

Accepted Answer

The effort-reward imbalance model suggests that stress arises when the rewards (such as salary, recognition, and career opportunities) do not match the effort put into work.

Question 2

In general, the same stressors have the same effect on everyone.

Accepted Answer

Stressors can affect individuals differently due to various factors such as personality, coping mechanisms, past experiences, and biological differences.

Question 3

Having a drink to relax and forget about work demands is a behaviour associated with which type of coping?

Accepted Answer

Disengagement coping involves withdrawing from the stressor or avoiding dealing with it directly, such as using substances to escape or forget about stressors.

Question 4

Which of the following is a central assumption of the mismatch theory of burnout?

Accepted Answer

Mismatch theory of burnout suggests that burnout occurs when there is a significant gap between an employee's expectations and the reality of their job, leading to stress and dissatisfaction.

Question 5

Which of the following would NOT be considered one of the benefits of telecommuting?

Accepted Answer

Telecommuting does not inherently reduce working hours; it typically offers flexibility in where and when work is done, but the total hours worked usually remain the same.

Question 6

Which of the following does the conservation of resources theory propose?

Accepted Answer

The conservation of resources theory suggests that stress and negative outcomes occur not only from actual loss but also from the perceived threat of losing resources.

Question 7

Which of the following do the APA model of healthy workplaces and the Kelloway and Day model have in common?

Accepted Answer

Both models take a holistic view of healthy workplaces, considering multiple factors that contribute to employee well-being and organizational health.

Question 8

According to the Conference Board of Canada, workplace stress costs the Canadian economy billions of dollars on an annual basis.

Accepted Answer

The Conference Board of Canada has reported that workplace stress leads to significant economic costs due to factors like reduced productivity, absenteeism, and healthcare expenses.

Question 9

Chelsea is facing conflict with a co-worker, which is creating a lot of stress for her.She decides to have a calm and positive talk with the co-worker to try to resolve the negative interpersonal relationship and decrease her stress levels.What type of coping is Chelsea using to reduce her stress?

Accepted Answer

Chelsea is using problem-focused coping, which involves addressing the source of stress directly by trying to resolve the conflict with her co-worker.

Question 10

According to Greenhaus and Beutell (1985), work-family conflict might arise in terms of what three causes?

Accepted Answer

Greenhaus and Beutell (1985) identified time demands, behavior expectations, and role strain as the three primary causes of work-family conflict.

Question 11

Which of the following would be considered an explicit antecedent of a healthy workplace, according to Kelloway and Day?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would be considered...

Question 12

The job demands-resources model proposes what two processes that influence outcomes?

Accepted Answer

The job demands-resources model suggests that job demands can lead to a health impairment process, causing stress and burnout, while job resources can lead to a motivation process, enhancing engagement and performance.

Question 13

Which of the following is a type of stress management technique in which employees receive training on how and why they are responding to stressful events, and then learn to respond to those events in new ways?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive behavioural skills training involves educating individuals on their stress responses and teaching them new ways to handle stress, aligning with the description provided.

Question 14

Under Canadian legislation, what can we conclude about stakeholders' responsibility for employee health and safety?

Accepted Answer

Canadian legislation requires joint health and safety committees in certain workplaces to ensure shared responsibility among employers and employees for health and safety.

Question 15

Both Tova and Natalie have lost their jobs.Tova views the situation negatively and is very stressed out.Natalie views it as an opportunity to find a better job (something which she has been meaning to do for while, but has never gotten around to) and she is looking forward to it.According to the transactional model of stress, what process accounts for their different reactions?

Accepted Answer

They appraise the situation differently (primary appraisal).

Question 16

What are the three dimensions of burnout?

Accepted Answer

The three dimensions of burnout, as defined by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, are emotional exhaustion, cynicism (also referred to as depersonalization), and reduced professional efficacy.

Question 17

What does research about work respites and vacations tell us?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that vacations can reduce employee stress, but the positive effects are often short-lived, as stress levels tend to return to pre-vacation levels shortly after returning to work.

Question 18

Under which of the following circumstances might emotion-focused coping be the more effective coping style?

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping is more effective when the individual has little or no control over the stressor, as it helps manage emotional responses rather than trying to change the situation itself.

Question 19

Which of the following best defines the three dimensions of engagement?

Accepted Answer

The three dimensions of engagement are vigour, absorption, and dedication, which are commonly used to describe an engaged state in work or activities.

Question 20

What is the primary reason why organizations should include tertiary interventions in a comprehensive workplace health program?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary interventions are necessary because organizations cannot eliminate all demands and stressors, so they need strategies to help employees cope with stress that cannot be avoided.

Quiz 12: Occupational Health Psychology