Question 1

Ever since their cabin lost the camp softball competition,the campers have become increasingly hostile toward one camper in their cabin,blaming her for every problem in the cabin. This behavior is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

The behavior of blaming one camper for every problem in the cabin is best explained by the scapegoat theory, which suggests that individuals or groups may be unfairly blamed for problems or frustrations that are not their fault. In this case, the camper is being made a scapegoat for the cabin's loss in the softball competition, which has led to an increase in hostility toward her.

Question 2

Aggression is defined as behavior that

Accepted Answer

Aggression is specifically defined by the intention to hurt another person, rather than the actual outcome of the behavior or the emotional state (such as hostility or passion) accompanying it.

Question 3

Which of the following is true about aggression?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true about...

Question 4

People with power and status may become prejudiced because

Accepted Answer

People with power and status may become prejudiced because they tend to justify the social inequalities between themselves and others. This justification often takes the form of attributing the lower status of certain groups to factors such as their supposed lack of abilities, rather than recognizing the systemic factors that contribute to inequality. This can lead to the development of negative stereotypes and discriminatory attitudes towards those in these groups.

Question 5

Research studies have shown that frequent exposure to sexually explicit films

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that frequent exposure to sexually explicit films can lead to a desensitization to sexual content, causing individuals to perceive friendly behavior as more sexual (A), diminish their attitude towards rape as a serious crime (B), and potentially lead to the devaluation of their partners (C). Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 6

Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone on aggressive behavior,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone...

Question 7

Summarizing his report on the biology of aggression,Sam notes that

Accepted Answer

The report suggests that hormones, such as testosterone, and alcohol can influence the neural systems that control aggression. This indicates that biology does play a role in aggression. Option B is incorrect as the report suggests that identical twins may share a predisposition for aggression. Option D is also incorrect as the report does not mention anything about testosterone reducing dominance behaviors in animals.

Question 8

After waiting in line for an hour to buy concert tickets,Teresa is told that the concert is sold out. In her anger she pounds her fist on the ticket counter,frightening the clerk. Teresa's behavior is best explained by

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression principle suggests that frustration (in this case, not being able to get concert tickets after waiting in line for an hour) can lead to aggression (pounding her fist on the counter).

Question 9

Violent criminals often have diminished activity in the ________ of the brain,which play(s)an important role in ________.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobes are responsible for judgment, decision making, and impulse control, so diminished activity in these areas could lead to an inability to control aggressive impulses.

Question 10

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces,each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The situation described best illustrates mirror-image perceptions, where each side has a negative view of the other and sees their actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This can lead to a cycle of hostility and mistrust, as each side believes the other is a threat to their own security.

Question 11

Given the tendency of people to categorize information according to preformed schemas,which of the following stereotypes would Juan,a 65-year-old political liberal and fitness enthusiast,be most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the tendency of people to categorize...

Question 12

Initiating one or more small conciliatory acts is a central feature of

Accepted Answer

GRIT (Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction) involves initiating small, conciliatory acts as a strategy to reduce tensions and encourage negotiation, particularly in international relations or between conflicting parties.

Question 13

Students at State University are convinced that their school is better than any other; this most directly illustrates

Accepted Answer

The statement describes students at State University perceiving their own group (their school) as superior to all other groups (other schools), which is an example of ingroup bias. This bias occurs when individuals favor and show positive feelings towards members of their own group, while showing prejudice or negative feelings towards members of other groups.

Question 14

(Close-Up)Which of the following is an example of implicit prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Implicit prejudice refers to unconscious and automatic attitudes and biases towards a particular group. In this case, Jake's evaluations suggest a bias towards Blacks, even though he may not consciously recognize it. Option B is an example of explicit prejudice, as Carol explicitly states her bias towards White people. Option C relates to gender discrimination rather than prejudice. Option D is an example of cultural norms and practices that limit opportunities for women, rather than prejudice.

Question 15

Alexis believes that all male athletes are self-centered and sexist. Her beliefs are an example of

Accepted Answer

Alexis's beliefs that all male athletes are self-centered and sexist are an example of stereotypes. Stereotypes are fixed, overgeneralized beliefs about a particular group of people that may or may not be accurate. Alexis's belief about male athletes is a stereotype because it is a fixed, overgeneralized belief about a particular group of people (male athletes).

Question 16

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is expressed in the

Accepted Answer

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is known as the just-world phenomenon. This phenomenon suggests that people tend to believe that the world is fundamentally fair, and therefore assume that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people. This can lead to victim blaming, where individuals may attribute negative outcomes to the victim's personal qualities or behaviors rather than external circumstances.

Question 17

Research studies have indicated that the tendency of viewers to misperceive normal sexuality,devalue their partners,and trivialize rape is

Accepted Answer

Multiple research studies have shown that exposure to pornography can result in viewers misperceiving normal sexuality, devaluing their partners, and trivializing rape. This is due to the fact that pornography often portrays unrealistic and harmful sexual behaviors and attitudes towards women, which can lead to the normalization of such behaviors in the minds of viewers.

Question 18

We tend to perceive the members of an ingroup as ________ and the members of an outgroup as ________.

Accepted Answer

The tendency to perceive the members of an ingroup as similar to one another and the members of an outgroup as different from one another is known as the outgroup homogeneity effect, which supports option B. The options C and D are incorrect as there is no consistent bias towards perceiving members of an ingroup or outgroup as above or below average in ability.

Question 19

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the text discussion of the roots of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The text discussion of the roots of prejudice did not mention people's tendency to assume that exceptional or especially memorable individuals are unlike the majority of a group. This concept is related to the outgroup homogeneity effect and the notion of exceptions to stereotypes, but it is not directly about the foundational causes of prejudice as described in the question.

Question 20

Research studies have found a positive correlation between aggressive tendencies in animals and levels of the hormone

Accepted Answer

Research studies have repeatedly found a positive correlation between aggressive tendencies in animals and higher levels of testosterone. Testosterone is known to be associated with dominance, territoriality, and aggression in many species, including humans.

Quiz 3: Self-Concept: Who Am I

Ever since their cabin lost the camp softball competition,the campers have become increasingly hostile toward one camper in their cabin,blaming her for every problem in the cabin. This behavior is best explained in terms of

Aggression is defined as behavior that

Which of the following is true about aggression?

People with power and status may become prejudiced because

Research studies have shown that frequent exposure to sexually explicit films

Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone on aggressive behavior,which of the following is true?

Summarizing his report on the biology of aggression,Sam notes that

After waiting in line for an hour to buy concert tickets,Teresa is told that the concert is sold out. In her anger she pounds her fist on the ticket counter,frightening the clerk. Teresa's behavior is best explained by

Violent criminals often have diminished activity in the of the brain,which play(s) an important role in .

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces,each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates

Given the tendency of people to categorize information according to preformed schemas,which of the following stereotypes would Juan,a 65-year-old political liberal and fitness enthusiast,be most likely to have?

Initiating one or more small conciliatory acts is a central feature of

Students at State University are convinced that their school is better than any other; this most directly illustrates

(Close-Up) Which of the following is an example of implicit prejudice?

Alexis believes that all male athletes are self-centered and sexist. Her beliefs are an example of

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is expressed in the

Research studies have indicated that the tendency of viewers to misperceive normal sexuality,devalue their partners,and trivialize rape is

We tend to perceive the members of an ingroup as and the members of an outgroup as .

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the text discussion of the roots of prejudice?

Research studies have found a positive correlation between aggressive tendencies in animals and levels of the hormone

Quiz 3: Self-Concept: Who Am I

Ever since their cabin lost the camp softball competition,the campers have become increasingly hostile toward one camper in their cabin,blaming her for every problem in the cabin. This behavior is best explained in terms of

Aggression is defined as behavior that

Which of the following is true about aggression?

People with power and status may become prejudiced because

Research studies have shown that frequent exposure to sexually explicit films

Regarding the influence of alcohol and testosterone on aggressive behavior,which of the following is true?

Summarizing his report on the biology of aggression,Sam notes that

After waiting in line for an hour to buy concert tickets,Teresa is told that the concert is sold out. In her anger she pounds her fist on the ticket counter,frightening the clerk. Teresa's behavior is best explained by

Violent criminals often have diminished activity in the ________ of the brain,which play(s) an important role in ________.

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces,each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates

Given the tendency of people to categorize information according to preformed schemas,which of the following stereotypes would Juan,a 65-year-old political liberal and fitness enthusiast,be most likely to have?

Initiating one or more small conciliatory acts is a central feature of

Students at State University are convinced that their school is better than any other; this most directly illustrates

(Close-Up) Which of the following is an example of implicit prejudice?

Alexis believes that all male athletes are self-centered and sexist. Her beliefs are an example of

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is expressed in the

Research studies have indicated that the tendency of viewers to misperceive normal sexuality,devalue their partners,and trivialize rape is

We tend to perceive the members of an ingroup as ________ and the members of an outgroup as ________.

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the text discussion of the roots of prejudice?

Research studies have found a positive correlation between aggressive tendencies in animals and levels of the hormone

Violent criminals often have diminished activity in the of the brain,which play(s) an important role in .

We tend to perceive the members of an ingroup as and the members of an outgroup as .