Question 1

In a well-known study,social psychologists analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in a dormitory. The researchers found that the strongest predictor of friendship was ____.
A)how extraverted the students were
B)similarity in terms of hobbies and activities
C)similarity in terms of basic demographics (age, gender, being single versus married, etc.)
D)how close the students lived to one another

Accepted Answer

The study found that physical proximity, or how close the students lived to one another, was the strongest predictor of friendship formation among the graduate students. This phenomenon is often referred to as the proximity principle in social psychology.

Question 2

Suppose that Anna meets Jim at a party. After talking to him for some time, she discovers that Jim used to live in the same neighborhood that she did when she was in college. How is Anna likely to feel about Jim after hearing this information?
A)Anna will feel no differently toward Jim.
B)Anna will like Jim more than she did before.
C)Anna will develop romantic feelings toward Jim.
D)Anna will like Jim less than she did before.

Accepted Answer

Discovering a shared background or commonality, such as having lived in the same neighborhood, tends to create a sense of connection and familiarity between people, which can lead to more positive feelings.

Question 3

Tom's new girlfriend, Elise, has a habit of biting her nails. This did not bother Tom when he first met her, but it is beginning to annoy him more and more with each passing day. Tom is starting to think that this is a sign that Elise might not be the right person for him. What would a social psychologist say?
A)It is actually normal to be increasingly annoyed by a partner's habits-a phenomenon known as the social allergy effect.
B)It is actually normal to be increasingly annoyed by a partner's habits-a phenomenon known as the bad apple effect.
C)It is actually normal to be increasingly LESS annoyed by a partner's habits-something known as the social inoculation effect.
D)It is actually normal to be increasingly LESS annoyed by a partner's habits-something known as the relationship immunity effect.

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect describes how repeated exposure to a partner's annoying habits can lead to increasing irritation over time, much like how repeated exposure to an allergen can lead to more severe allergic reactions.

Question 4

The term social allergy effect refers to the tendency to ____.
A)repel, or turn off, others
B)find social situations anxiety-provoking
C)find a particular person annoying or disagreeable
D)become increasingly irritated by a partners' annoying habits over time

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect refers to the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a partner's annoying habits or behaviors leads to an increasing level of irritation over time, much like how repeated exposure to an allergen can lead to more severe allergic reactions.

Question 5

Apparently people sometimes like others based on nothing more than familiarity. This is called the ____.
A)social allergy effect
B)matching hypothesis
C)propinquity effect
D)Coolidge effect

Accepted Answer

The propinquity effect is the tendency for people to form friendships or romantic relationships with those whom they encounter often, making familiarity a strong predictor of attraction.

Question 6

Based on research, which of the following statements is most accurate about women's preferences in men?
A)Women always prefer taller men.
B)Women prefer taller men, but higher income can make up for a lack of height.
C)Women do not look at height or income when they judge how attractive a man is.
D)Women always prefer heftier men to thin men.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that while women often show a preference for taller men, factors such as income can also play a significant role in attraction, suggesting that a lack of height can be compensated for by higher income. This reflects the complexity of attraction, which cannot be reduced to a single characteristic.

Question 7

Research on one-sided, unrequited love has confirmed that people are positively attracted when they learn that someone else likes them-but if they do not want to feel the same way, they soon start to find the other person's attraction to them to be a burden or problem. Why does this happen?
A)Because of  the lack of propinquity
B)Because of  the reciprocity norm
C)Because of  the dissimilarity issue
D)Because  of the mere exposure effect

Accepted Answer

The reciprocity norm suggests that we should return favors and positive feelings, but when someone does not reciprocate romantic feelings, the admirer's affection can become burdensome. This is because the individual may feel pressured or guilty for not returning the feelings, leading to viewing the attraction as a problem.

Question 8

Suppose that Person X and Person Y live close to each other and run into each other nearly every day. Compared to most people, their chances of becoming friends are ____, and their chances of becoming enemies are ____.
A)higher; much higher still
B)higher; about as high
C)higher; average
D)higher; lower

Accepted Answer

The proximity between Person X and Person Y increases their chances of becoming friends due to the mere exposure effect, which suggests that people tend to develop a preference for things or people they are exposed to more frequently. However, this same proximity also means that any conflicts or negative interactions have a higher chance of occurring, keeping their chances of becoming enemies about as high as becoming friends.

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE about how waist-to-hip ratio affects judgments of attractiveness?
A)Men tend to prefer women with a ratio of 0.7, but women tend to not make judgments about men's attractiveness on this basis.
B)Men tend to prefer women with a ratio of 0.9, but women tend to not make judgments about men's attractiveness on this basis.
C)Men tend to prefer women with a ratio of 0.7, but women tend to prefer men with a ratio of 0.9.
D)Both men and women prefer a ratio of 0.9.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is TRUE about...

Question 10

The propinquity effect refers to the tendency for people to be relatively attracted to others ____.
A)whom  they encounter on a regular basis
B)who  are similar to them
C)who  like them
D)who  have had experiences similar to their own

Accepted Answer

The propinquity effect is the tendency for people to form friendships or romantic relationships with those whom they encounter often, making physical proximity a strong predictor of relationship formation.

Question 11

Research indicates that people are relatively attracted to others who are familiar to them as well as to others who have a history of shared experiences. Research also suggests that these effects ____.
A)are deeply rooted in the human psyche and have a long evolutionary history
B)can largely be explained by simple principles of classical conditioning
C)are relatively recent phenomena, which may well be by-products of modern, postindustrial life
D)vary enormously across cultures and thus appear to be culturally learned

Accepted Answer

These effects are deeply rooted in the human psyche and have a long evolutionary history, as familiarity and shared experiences have historically been advantageous for survival and social bonding.

Question 12

Research suggests that women tend to rate men's attractiveness based on ____.
A)waist-to-hip ratio alone
B)income alone
C)both waist-to-hip ratio and income,but income was more important
D)both waist-to-hip ratio and income, but waist-to-hip ratio was more important

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that both waist-to-hip ratio and income are factors women consider when rating men's attractiveness, with income being a more significant factor.

Question 13

Lyndsay likes Matt a lot. Matt thinks Lindsay is okay, but he does not like her as much as she likes him. What is Matt most likely to feel with regard to Lyndsay after a while?
A)Burdened
B)Angry
C)Flattered
D)Sad

Accepted Answer

Matt is most likely to feel burdened because Lyndsay's strong feelings may create pressure or expectations that he does not reciprocate, leading to a sense of obligation or discomfort.

Question 14

In a well-known study, social psychologists analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in a dormitory. The results of the study were MOST consistent with the ____.
A)propinquity effect
B)matching hypothesis
C)reciprocity effect
D)social allergy effect

Accepted Answer

The propinquity effect suggests that people form friendships or relationships with those they encounter frequently, which aligns with the findings of studies on friendship patterns among individuals living in close proximity, such as in a dormitory.

Question 15

The mere exposure effect is probably an important part of the ____.
A)propinquity effect
B)matching hypothesis
C)reciprocity effect
D)what is beautiful is good effect

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect, which posits that people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them, is an important part of the propinquity effect. The propinquity effect suggests that the more we see and interact with people, the more likely we are to become friends or romantic partners, largely due to familiarity and exposure.

Question 16

The ____ is an example of familiarity reducing rather than increasing liking. ​
A)bystander effect ​
B)propinquity effect
C)bad apple effect
D)social allergy effect

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect refers to the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a person's annoying habits or idiosyncrasies leads to an increased irritation and decreased liking over time, rather than increased familiarity leading to increased liking.

Question 17

Compared to people who are not physically attractive, people who are physically attractive are assumed to be superior on many traits-including intelligence, sexual warmth, and popularity. This assumption is known as the ____.
A)Hollywood heuristic
B)what is beautiful is good effect
C)social allergy effect
D)beauty factor

Accepted Answer

The "what is beautiful is good effect" refers to the phenomenon where people tend to attribute positive qualities, such as intelligence and kindness, to individuals who are physically attractive, based on the assumption that physical attractiveness correlates with other desirable traits.

Question 18

Tom's new girlfriend has a habit of biting her nails. This did not bother Tom when he first met her, but it is beginning to annoy him more and more with each passing day. This is an example of the ____.
A)bystander effect
B)propinquity effect
C)bad apple effect
D)social allergy effect

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect describes a situation where a small, perhaps initially insignificant, annoying habit of someone close becomes increasingly irritating over time. In this case, Tom's growing annoyance with his girlfriend's nail-biting habit exemplifies this effect.

Question 19

According to research done with an online dating service, which profile will Sarah find most attractive?
A)Jack, who is 5 feet tall and makes $100,000
B)Sam, who is 6 feet 2 inches tall and makes $20,000
C)Quentin, who is 5 feet 8 inches tall and makes $170,000
D)David, who is 5 feet 2 inches tall and makes $180,000

Accepted Answer

Research on dating preferences often shows that women tend to prefer partners who are taller than average and have a high income. Quentin, being of above-average height and having the highest income, aligns well with these preferences.

Question 20

Familiarity and repeated exposure can sometimes make bad things worse. What does this idea best illustrate?
A)The  bad apple effect
B)The  social allergy effect
C)The  overexposure effect
D)The  propinquity effect

Accepted Answer

The social allergy effect refers to the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a particular behavior or habit in a close relationship leads to an increasingly negative and irritated reaction over time.

Quiz 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

In a well-known study,social psychologists analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in a dormitory. The researchers found that the strongest predictor of friendship was ____.

Suppose that Anna meets Jim at a party. After talking to him for some time, she discovers that Jim used to live in the same neighborhood that she did when she was in college. How is Anna likely to feel about Jim after hearing this information?

The term social allergy effect refers to the tendency to ____.

Apparently people sometimes like others based on nothing more than familiarity. This is called the ____.

Based on research, which of the following statements is most accurate about women's preferences in men?

Research on one-sided, unrequited love has confirmed that people are positively attracted when they learn that someone else likes them-but if they do not want to feel the same way, they soon start to find the other person's attraction to them to be a burden or problem. Why does this happen?

Suppose that Person X and Person Y live close to each other and run into each other nearly every day. Compared to most people, their chances of becoming friends are , and their chances of becoming enemies are .

Which of the following is TRUE about how waist-to-hip ratio affects judgments of attractiveness?

The propinquity effect refers to the tendency for people to be relatively attracted to others ____.

Research indicates that people are relatively attracted to others who are familiar to them as well as to others who have a history of shared experiences. Research also suggests that these effects ____.

Research suggests that women tend to rate men's attractiveness based on ____.

Lyndsay likes Matt a lot. Matt thinks Lindsay is okay, but he does not like her as much as she likes him. What is Matt most likely to feel with regard to Lyndsay after a while?

In a well-known study, social psychologists analyzed the friendship patterns among graduate students living in a dormitory. The results of the study were MOST consistent with the ____.

The mere exposure effect is probably an important part of the ____.

The ____ is an example of familiarity reducing rather than increasing liking.

Compared to people who are not physically attractive, people who are physically attractive are assumed to be superior on many traits-including intelligence, sexual warmth, and popularity. This assumption is known as the ____.

Tom's new girlfriend has a habit of biting her nails. This did not bother Tom when he first met her, but it is beginning to annoy him more and more with each passing day. This is an example of the ____.

According to research done with an online dating service, which profile will Sarah find most attractive?

Familiarity and repeated exposure can sometimes make bad things worse. What does this idea best illustrate?