Question 1

Identify the theorist who developed a scale to assess infant behavior and predict later development.The current version,which is Bayley-III,has five scales: cognitive,language,motor,socioemotional,and adaptive.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Kuhel is a behaviorist.In the context of language development,he is most likely to believe that language is:
A)learned with the learning acquisition device.
B)a special skill that has emerged with biological evolution.
C)a skill controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain.
D)acquired through reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

As a behaviorist, Kuhel would likely believe that language is acquired through reinforcement, which is a key component of behaviorist theory. This means that individuals are more likely to repeat behaviors that are rewarded, in this case the use of language.

Question 3

The interactionist view of language development emphasizes that:
A)the primary language center and the biological language device are both needed for language to develop.
B)language development occurs largely due to positive reinforcement.
C)the development of receptive language is universal,whereas the development of spoken language differs across cultures.
D)both biology and experience contribute to language development.

Accepted Answer

The interactionist view of language development emphasizes that both biology (i.e. innate language abilities) and experience (i.e. exposure to language and language input) contribute to language development. This view acknowledges the importance of both nature (biology) and nurture (environment) in shaping language acquisition.

Question 4

Identify the theorist who developed a measure to test infant cognitive development designed to distinguish normal babies from abnormal ones.The current version of this theorist's test combines the infant's performance in four domains into an overall score called the developmental quotient.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

According to Jean Piaget,identify the actions or mental representations that organize knowledge.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

A study of young children living in low-income families found that _____ when predicting the vocabulary development of children.
A)the amount of maternal talk was less important than maternal literacy skills
B)the amount of maternal talk was more important than the amount of paternal talk
C)nutrition and SES were more important than the amount of maternal talk or maternal literacy skills
D)attending preschool or Head Start was more important than paternal talk but less important than maternal talk

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Eighteen-month-old Moira knows that her mother is "mommy",but she now calls all women she meets "mommy." According to Piaget,this illustrates ________.

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Child-directed speech is the:
A)ability of parents to understand their children's holographic speech.
B)unique way that parents (and others)talk to babies.
C)continual correcting of children's syntax by parents.
D)special way parents speak to each other in front of their children.

Accepted Answer

Child-directed speech is the uniquely simplified and exaggerated way that parents (and others) talk to babies, that is believed to facilitate language acquisition in infants.

Question 9

According to Jean Piaget,identify the first substage of sensorimotor thought.This substage is apparent at birth and lasts approximately one month.Sensation and action are coordinated primarily through reflexive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Identify Jean Piaget's concept that describes the cognitive conflict that occurs when information in the environment is inconsistent with the child's current schemes.This conflict is the motivation to modify schemes or develop new schemes that are more consistent with the outside world.

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Question 11

When Alice speaks to her six-month-old nephew,her voice immediately takes on a higher pitch,her speech becomes slower,and she begins to use more simplistic words and phrases.This change in Alice's language behavior provides an example of:
A)echoing.
B)recasting.
C)child-directed speech.
D)morphology.

Accepted Answer

Alice's change in language behavior, specifically using a higher pitch and simpler language, is consistent with child-directed speech, which is a style of speaking that adults often use when communicating with young children. This type of speech is thought to be helpful for infants' language development, as it provides a clear and understandable model of language that is tailored to their abilities. Echoing and recasting are related concepts, but they involve specifically repeating or rephrasing a child's speech to help build their language skills. Morphology refers to the study of word structure and grammar, and is not directly relevant to this scenario.

Question 12

As they walk in the park together,Damon's dad points out various objects to him-flowers,birds,butterflies,slides,swings,vehicles,and so on-and helps Damon name each of them.Damon's dad is using _____ to help his son learn language.
A)echoing
B)encoding
C)labeling
D)recasting

Accepted Answer

Damon's dad is using labeling to help his son learn language by pointing out various objects and helping him name each of them.

Question 13

Identify the linguist who proposed that humans are biologically prewired to learn language.He or she proposed that infants are born into the world with a language acquisition device that enables the child to detect certain features and rules of language.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

As an infant,Mary suffered damage to _____ of her brain.This injury severly affected her comprehension abilities.Even though her speech is fluent it remains incomprehensible.
A)Broca's area
B)SMA area
C)Morton's area
D)Wernicke's area

Accepted Answer

Damage to Wernicke's area affects language comprehension, leading to fluent but nonsensical speech, which matches Mary's symptoms.

Question 15

According to Jean Piaget,identify the sixth and final substage of sensorimotor thought.This substage is apparent in children between 18 and 24 months of age.The infant develops the ability to use primitive symbols in this substage.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Identify the theorist who developed a cognitive development theory that suggests that development is universal and occurs in a fixed stage-like sequence.He or she proposed that infants are in the stage of "sensorimotor development."

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

As he rolls his truck up and down the sides of the couch,Nezzy points to his truck and says "My truck" to which his father responds with "What's the truck doing?" This is an example of:
A)echoing.
B)recasting.
C)infant-directed speech.
D)morphology.

Accepted Answer

Recasting involves rephrasing something the child has said, often in the form of a question, to encourage further language development.

Question 18

In her book Growing Up with Language,Naomi Baron provided which of the following suggestions for facilitating language development in toddlers?
A)Remember to listen.
B)Supply words and thoughts for the child to avoid frustration.
C)Use questions that encourage the child to answer "yes" or "no."
D)Let the toddler know when he or she is not being clear in communication.

Accepted Answer

Naomi Baron suggests that listening is crucial for facilitating language development in toddlers, as it helps caregivers understand the child's needs and encourages more effective communication.

Question 19

Rebecca says "Milk spill" to which her grandfather replies "Yes,the milk spilled on the floor." This is an example of:
A)reframing.
B)expanding.
C)correcting.
D)labeling.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of expanding, as the grandfather is adding more information to the original statement made by Rebecca.

Question 20

Linguist Noam Chomsky said that children are born into the world with a _____,a biological endowment that enables the child to detect certain features and rules of language,including phonology,syntax,and semantics.
A)language acquisition device
B)biological language center
C)primary language center
D)biological language device

Accepted Answer

Noam Chomsky's theory of language acquisition includes the concept of a "language acquisition device" (LAD) which is a hypothetical component of the brain that facilitates the learning of language. The LAD is considered to be a biological endowment present in all humans that allows them to detect and understand language rules and structures. Therefore, the best choice is A - language acquisition device.

Quiz 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy

Identify the theorist who developed a scale to assess infant behavior and predict later development.The current version,which is Bayley-III,has five scales: cognitive,language,motor,socioemotional,and adaptive.

Kuhel is a behaviorist.In the context of language development,he is most likely to believe that language is:

The interactionist view of language development emphasizes that:

Identify the theorist who developed a measure to test infant cognitive development designed to distinguish normal babies from abnormal ones.The current version of this theorist's test combines the infant's performance in four domains into an overall score called the developmental quotient.

According to Jean Piaget,identify the actions or mental representations that organize knowledge.

A study of young children living in low-income families found that _____ when predicting the vocabulary development of children.

Eighteen-month-old Moira knows that her mother is "mommy",but she now calls all women she meets "mommy." According to Piaget,this illustrates ________.

Child-directed speech is the:

According to Jean Piaget,identify the first substage of sensorimotor thought.This substage is apparent at birth and lasts approximately one month.Sensation and action are coordinated primarily through reflexive behaviors.

Identify Jean Piaget's concept that describes the cognitive conflict that occurs when information in the environment is inconsistent with the child's current schemes.This conflict is the motivation to modify schemes or develop new schemes that are more consistent with the outside world.

When Alice speaks to her six-month-old nephew,her voice immediately takes on a higher pitch,her speech becomes slower,and she begins to use more simplistic words and phrases.This change in Alice's language behavior provides an example of:

As they walk in the park together,Damon's dad points out various objects to him-flowers,birds,butterflies,slides,swings,vehicles,and so on-and helps Damon name each of them.Damon's dad is using _____ to help his son learn language.

Identify the linguist who proposed that humans are biologically prewired to learn language.He or she proposed that infants are born into the world with a language acquisition device that enables the child to detect certain features and rules of language.

As an infant,Mary suffered damage to _____ of her brain.This injury severly affected her comprehension abilities.Even though her speech is fluent it remains incomprehensible.

According to Jean Piaget,identify the sixth and final substage of sensorimotor thought.This substage is apparent in children between 18 and 24 months of age.The infant develops the ability to use primitive symbols in this substage.

Identify the theorist who developed a cognitive development theory that suggests that development is universal and occurs in a fixed stage-like sequence.He or she proposed that infants are in the stage of "sensorimotor development."

As he rolls his truck up and down the sides of the couch,Nezzy points to his truck and says "My truck" to which his father responds with "What's the truck doing?" This is an example of:

In her book Growing Up with Language,Naomi Baron provided which of the following suggestions for facilitating language development in toddlers?

Rebecca says "Milk spill" to which her grandfather replies "Yes,the milk spilled on the floor." This is an example of:

Linguist Noam Chomsky said that children are born into the world with a _____,a biological endowment that enables the child to detect certain features and rules of language,including phonology,syntax,and semantics.