Question 1

Which level of awareness holds repressed memories and emotions,plus the instinctual drives of the id?

Accepted Answer

The unconscious level of awareness holds repressed memories and emotions, as well as the instinctual drives of the id. The conscious level of awareness involves thoughts and perceptions that are currently in our awareness, while the preconscious level stores information that is not currently in our awareness but can be easily retrieved. The postconscious level refers to information that has been forgotten but can be brought back with effort.

Question 2

Which of the following are used as a form of protection against stress,anxiety,and threatening events and were identified by Freud?

Accepted Answer

Ego-defense mechanisms, such as repression, suppression, denial, and projection, are used by the ego to protect itself against stress, anxiety, and threatening events. These mechanisms were identified by Freud as part of his psychoanalytic theory. Options A, B, and C are not related to Freud's concept of ego-defense mechanisms.

Question 3

According to Freud,the id is completely contained by the _______ mind.

Accepted Answer

The id is the part of the psyche that is completely unconscious, containing our most basic and primitive instincts and desires.

Question 4

To reduce sexual tension,which of the following structures may be forced to sublimate sexual energies into activities,such as sports,music,or dancing?

Accepted Answer

The ego is responsible for finding socially acceptable ways to satisfy the impulses of the id (including sexual impulses). Therefore, the ego can channel sexual energy into activities like sports, music, or dancing to reduce sexual tension. The id is the source of sexual impulses and cannot force sublimation, the ego ideal and conscience are not directly involved in managing sexual tension.

Question 5

The ego and superego reside at which level(s)of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

The ego and superego reside at all levels of consciousness, including the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels. The conscious level involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are currently within awareness. The preconscious level involves thoughts and feelings that are not currently in awareness but can be easily brought into consciousness. The unconscious level involves thoughts, feelings, and memories that are repressed and not accessible to awareness without therapeutic intervention. The ego and superego operate at all of these levels of consciousness, shaping our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Question 6

You are focusing intently on the memories and the happy feelings of the vacation you enjoyed last month.These thoughts,memories,and feelings that you are currently focused on reside in your

Accepted Answer

The conscious mind includes our present awareness, perception, and immediate cognitive processing. It is the part of the mind that we are aware of at any given moment, including our current thoughts, feelings, and sensations. Focusing intently on particular memories and feelings indicates an active engagement with the conscious mind. Memories and emotions from past experiences are not part of the subconscious or unconscious mind, which contain hidden desires, motives, urges, and memories that are beyond our immediate awareness. The term preconscious, on the other hand, refers to the material that is available for cognitive processing but is not currently the subject of conscious attention.

Question 7

Which level of consciousness contains information which you are not currently aware of,but which you can voluntarily bring to awareness?

Accepted Answer

The preconscious level of consciousness contains information that is not currently in awareness but can be voluntarily brought to awareness with some effort. The conscious level of consciousness contains information that is currently in awareness, and the unconscious level of consciousness contains information that is not readily accessible to awareness. The postconscious level of consciousness is not a commonly recognized level of consciousness.

Question 8

To reduce sexual tension,the sexual energies may be utilized in other activities,such as sports,music,or dancing through a process called

Accepted Answer

The correct term for utilizing sexual energies in non-sexual activities is sublimation. Fixation refers to an obsessive attachment to an object or behavior, actualization refers to the process of achieving one's full potential, and projection refers to attributing one's own feelings or characteristics onto another person.

Question 9

If you are focusing intently on your instructor's lecture,the instructor's words and gestures reside in which level of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

When you are aware and mentally present of your surroundings and what the instructor is saying, it is occurring on a conscious level of awareness. The subconscious and unconscious are typically associated with automatic processes or thoughts outside of our immediate awareness. The preconscious refers to thoughts or memories that are not currently in our awareness, but can easily be brought to the conscious level with a little effort or prompting.

Question 10

The unconscious contains

Accepted Answer

The unconscious is the part of the mind that contains repressed memories and emotions that are not easily accessible to conscious awareness.

Question 11

According to Freud,in order to reduce the anxieties resulting from an imbalance among the three parts of the personality,the ego often employs

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the ego often employs defense mechanisms in order to reduce anxiety resulting from conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. Defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies used by the ego to protect itself from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt. Examples of defense mechanisms include repression, denial, projection, and rationalization.

Question 12

After Hurricane Katrina,Cindy was found walking by the roadside.She could not remember how she got to this place.She was taken to the local hospital where they found that she had no physical trauma to the brain nor any major injuries besides the emotional trauma she had obviously experienced.According to Freud,the details of her experiences in the hurricane have been

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, repressed memories are stored in the unconscious mind, which means that Cindy's memories of her experiences during Hurricane Katrina are likely repressed into her unconscious mind.

Question 13

Which of the following is the level of consciousness that is beyond awareness and consists of impulses and desires not directly known to a person?

Accepted Answer

The unconscious level of consciousness is beyond awareness and consists of impulses and desires not directly known to a person. The conscious level is the awareness of immediate surroundings and perceptions. The preconscious level is a level of consciousness where thoughts and memories can be brought into awareness with ease, while the postconscious level refers to thoughts and memories that were once conscious but are now beyond awareness.

Question 14

If you saw your least favorite teacher in the mall and greeted her with "I'm so sad to see you" rather than what you meant to say,which was "I'm so glad to see you," you would be illustrating a

Accepted Answer

A Freudian slip is an unintentional error in speech, memory or physical action that is believed to be caused by the unconscious mind. In this scenario, the slip of the tongue may reveal the speaker's true feelings toward the teacher that they may have repressed or not acknowledged consciously.

Question 15

Amy had wanted Gabe to ask her to the prom,but he didn't;so she went with Dave.Later at the dance,Amy said to Dave,"You're a great dancer,Gabe,uh Dave." According to psychoanalytic theory,Amy made a

Accepted Answer

Amy's mistake of calling Dave by Gabe's name is a classic example of a Freudian slip, which is an error in speech, memory, or physical action that is believed to be caused by the unconscious mind expressing a hidden motive. In this case, Amy's unconscious desire to be with Gabe may have caused her to accidentally call Dave by his name.

Question 16

The level of consciousness that includes all mental contents,including thoughts,perceptions,feelings,and memories that a person is currently aware of at any given moment is called the

Accepted Answer

The term "conscious" refers to the level of awareness a person has at a current moment, including all mental contents such as thoughts, perceptions, feelings, and memories. The other options - "unconscious," "postconscious," and "preconscious" - all refer to levels of awareness that fall outside of the current conscious experience.

Question 17

You are talking to a new classmate.She asks you where you went to high school and if you have any brothers or sisters.According to Freud,this personal information about your life resided in which level of consciousness until you "pulled" it up into current awareness?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of the mind, the preconscious level of consciousness holds information that is not currently in awareness but can easily be brought to conscious awareness with some effort or prompting. Therefore, the personal information about the individual's high school and siblings would be stored in the preconscious level until they consciously retrieve it in response to the classmate's question.

Question 18

According to Freud,the use of mental processes to deny,distort,or otherwise block out sources of threat and anxiety are referred to as

Accepted Answer

Freud referred to the use of mental processes to avoid sources of threat and anxiety as defense mechanisms. The other options do not refer to this concept. The pleasure principle refers to the instinctual seeking of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Self-efficacy is a belief in one's ability to succeed in a specific situation. Congruence refers to consistency between one's self-concept and their behavior.

Question 19

Regarding the unconscious,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement "The superego operates only at the unconscious level" is false. While the superego includes unconscious aspects, it also operates at a conscious level in influencing moral and ethical decision-making.

Question 20

According to psychoanalytic theory,which of the following functions entirely at the unconscious level of awareness?

Accepted Answer

The id operates entirely at the unconscious level of awareness, containing primitive and instinctual drives for pleasure and immediate gratification. The ego and superego also have conscious components and operate partly at the conscious level. The ego ideal is a concept that serves as an idealized version of the self and is not a distinct structure like the id, ego, and superego.

Quiz 52: Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories