Question 1

Time-out,which involves removing a person from a situation in which reinforcement could occur is a variation of

Accepted Answer

Time-out is a technique that involves the removal of a reinforcer following undesirable behavior, which is a form of response cost. Classical conditioning, shaping, and reciprocal inhibition do not involve the removal or addition of reinforcers or punishers.

Question 2

You are setting up a behavior modification plan for a classroom.In dealing with the undesirable behaviors in this classroom,you will identify and remove the rewards for these behaviors and in doing so bring about

Accepted Answer

Extinction involves identifying and removing the rewards for a behavior, which will decrease the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. Operant shaping involves reinforcing successive approximations to a desired behavior, respondent aversion involves pairing a negative stimulus with an undesired behavior, and token inhibition involves using tokens as a form of punishment for undesired behaviors. None of these are directly related to identifying and removing rewards for undesirable behaviors in order to decrease their frequency.

Question 3

Which of the following procedures prevents a reward from following an undesirable response by removing the individual from a situation in which he or she could be reinforced?

Accepted Answer

Time-out is the procedure of removing an individual from a reinforcing situation for a particular period, usually a few minutes. It aims to decrease the frequency of undesirable behavior by withdrawing the opportunity to receive reinforcement. Shaping is a method of gradually teaching a new behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior. Stimulus control involves manipulating environmental cues or antecedents to evoke or suppress a response. Reciprocal inhibition addresses the inhibition of an undesirable response with the help of a competing or incompatible response.

Question 4

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is called

Accepted Answer

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is the definition of shaping. Reciprocal inhibition is a process of reducing anxiety through relaxation training, desensitization is a type of therapy for phobias, and negative reinforcement is the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 5

It is Halloween night.The trick-or-treaters know that if the porch light is on at a house,they will get candy if they knock on the door and say "Trick­or­Treat." If the light is off,they know that there will be no reward waiting for them.The trick­or­ treaters' behavior is determined by the date (Halloween night)and if a light is on or off.This illustrates the operant principle of

Accepted Answer

The behavior of the trick-or-treaters is controlled by the presence or absence of the stimulus of the porch light, which is a clear example of stimulus control in operant conditioning. Shaping involves reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior, time-out involves removing a reinforcer to decrease unwanted behavior, and reciprocal inhibition involves replacing one behavior with an incompatible behavior. None of these principles are illustrated in the scenario described.

Question 6

Three-year-old Timmon misbehaves,and his mother places him in a chair facing the corner of the room for five minutes until he clams down and behaves more appropriately.This is an example of the use of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of time-out, which involves removing a child from a reinforcing environment for a brief period to decrease the likelihood of a certain behavior occurring again. The use of time-out is a common strategy in behavior modification for young children.

Question 7

Mattie,an extremely overweight patient at the mental hospital,had a persistent and disturbing habit of stealing food from other patients.The behavior therapist assigned Mattie to a special table in the dining room.If Mattie approached any other table,she was immediately removed from the dining room.To produce extinction of Mattie's food stealing,the therapist used which of the following regarding this behavior?

Accepted Answer

The therapist used nonreinforcement to produce extinction of Mattie's food stealing behavior. By removing Mattie from the dining room if she approached any other table, she was not reinforced for stealing food from other patients, and therefore the behavior gradually diminished over time. Aversive conditioning involves associating an unpleasant stimuli with a behavior to decrease the occurrence of that behavior, covert desensitization is a type of therapy used to reduce anxiety or phobias, and respondent conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to create a conditioned response. None of these techniques were used in this scenario.

Question 8

Which of the following is a variation of response cost and involves removing the individual from a situation in which reinforcement occurs?

Accepted Answer

Time-out is a variation of response cost in which the individual is removed from a situation in which reinforcement occurs, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of the behavior. Shaping involves reinforcing successive approximations of a behavior to eventually shape it into a desired behavior. Stimulus control involves manipulating antecedent stimuli to increase or decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring. Reciprocal inhibition is a principle that involves pairing incompatible behaviors to decrease the frequency of an unwanted behavior.

Question 9

When two autistic boys were ignored after instances of self-destructive behavior,their tendency to injure themselves disappeared.The operant principle employed was

Accepted Answer

The operant principle employed was nonreinforcement, where the boys' behavior ceased when it was no longer reinforced (or ignored). This suggests that their self-injurious behavior was maintained by the attention they received through their actions. By not reinforcing this behavior, it eventually extinguished. Choice A (negative reinforcement) would involve the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase behavior, which is not applicable to this scenario. Choice B (stimulus control) involves the manipulation of antecedent stimuli to increase/decrease behavior, which is not mentioned in the scenario. Choice D (reciprocal inhibition) is a term related to anxiety reduction through relaxation techniques and is not applicable in this scenario.

Question 10

Two­year­old Dennis is outside with his mother when he begins pulling the dog's ears.When he refuses to stop,his mother picks Dennis up and carries him back into the house and away from their dog.Dennis is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Dennis is being given a time-out, which involves removing him from the situation where he is engaging in inappropriate behavior and temporarily isolating him, in order to teach him that this behavior is not acceptable.

Question 11

Marian is very late coming in from her date.Her parents scold her for 30 minutes and then "ground" her (take away her dating privilege)for two weeks.Marian is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Marian is experiencing punishment, which involves the application of aversive consequences (scolding and grounding) to decrease the likelihood of a behavior (coming in late from a date). Negative reinforcement involves the removal of aversive consequences to increase the likelihood of a behavior, nonreinforcement is the absence of any consequence following a behavior, and stimulus control involves the ability of a certain stimulus to elicit a certain behavior.

Question 12

When the rewards that maintain undesirable behaviors are identified and removed,these undesirable behaviors will undergo

Accepted Answer

When the rewards that maintain undesirable behaviors are removed, it leads to a decrease in the frequency of those behaviors. This process is called extinction.

Question 13

A behavior therapist wants to reward a language delayed child for saying a new word,but rewards the child first for saying the first letter sound and then another letter sound,and so on.The language therapist is using

Accepted Answer

The behavior therapist is using shaping, which is the process of reinforcing closer and closer approximations to the desired behavior. In this case, the therapist is reinforcing the child for saying the first letter sound, then another letter sound, and so on, until the child eventually says the whole word. This is a form of shaping because the therapist is reinforcing successive approximations to the final behavior, which is saying the whole word. The other options (B, C, D) do not accurately describe what the therapist is doing in this scenario.

Question 14

The most frequently occurring human behaviors lead to some form of

Accepted Answer

The most frequently occurring human behaviors are typically reinforced by some form of reward, whether it's a tangible reward (such as money or gifts) or a psychological reward (such as praise or approval from others). This reinforcement is what strengthens the behavior and makes it more likely to occur again in the future. While some behaviors may lead to extinction (i.e. they are no longer reinforced and eventually fade away), and others may be punished or avoided, the most common outcome of frequent human behaviors is some form of reward.

Question 15

An athletic team almost always wins the game when they play at "home" but they seldom win a game played "on the road." Their winning appears to be influenced by where the game is played.This illustrates the operant principle of

Accepted Answer

The principle of stimulus control involves the influence of environmental cues on behavior. In this scenario, the location of the game (home vs. away) is an environmental cue that appears to influence the team's behavior (winning vs. losing). Therefore, the correct answer is D - stimulus control.

Question 16

Jeffery and Logan are brothers who are fighting over a new toy.Their mother sends them to separate rooms until they can calm down and agree to share the toy and play "nicely." Mother is using the operant conditioning technique known as

Accepted Answer

The mother's technique of sending the brothers to separate rooms until they calm down and agree to share the toy and play "nicely" is an example of time-out, which is a form of operant conditioning used to decrease undesirable behavior by removing the individual from a reinforcing environment or preventing them from engaging in the behavior. In this case, by removing the brothers from the situation and giving them time to calm down and think about their behavior, the mother is trying to decrease the fighting and increase the likelihood of them sharing the toy and playing nicely.

Question 17

If you are helping a person relearn how to walk after a stroke,you begin by reinforcing the person for being able to stand with a walker,then taking a step,then taking another step,then moving the walker and taking another step and so on.You are using the behavioral procedure known as

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the scenario is shaping, which involves reinforcing successive approximations toward a target behavior. In this case, the target behavior is walking, and the therapist is reinforcing smaller steps that lead up to walking (such as standing with a walker, taking a step, etc.). Reciprocal inhibition involves relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety, while stimulus control involves manipulating antecedents to increase or decrease the probability of a behavior. Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with a reflexive response to eventually elicit that response with the neutral stimulus alone.

Question 18

You are on your grandfather's farm and wander into the chicken yard when a "mad" hen comes running at you squawking and with her wings flapping.She even pecks you on your ankle.You stay away from this area of the farm during the rest of your visit due to

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are on your grandfather's farm and...

Question 19

If you set your clock ten minutes fast,it may be easier to leave the house on time in the morning.Even though you know that the clock is fast,your departure is under which of the following regarding the clock?

Accepted Answer

The setting of the clock ten minutes fast is an example of stimulus control, which involves modifying the environment to elicit a certain behavior. In this case, the modified environment (the fast clock) is meant to elicit the behavior of leaving the house on time.

Question 20

Stimulus control is an operant conditioning procedure in which

Accepted Answer

Stimulus control is the procedure by which a response is made more likely or less likely to occur by the presence or absence of certain stimuli in the environment. This choice is the best because it accurately describes how responses come under the influence of the situation in which they occur. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they describe other operant conditioning procedures such as punishment, shaping, and extinction.

Quiz 67: Therapies: Behavior Therapies

Time-out,which involves removing a person from a situation in which reinforcement could occur is a variation of

You are setting up a behavior modification plan for a classroom.In dealing with the undesirable behaviors in this classroom,you will identify and remove the rewards for these behaviors and in doing so bring about

Which of the following procedures prevents a reward from following an undesirable response by removing the individual from a situation in which he or she could be reinforced?

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is called

Three-year-old Timmon misbehaves,and his mother places him in a chair facing the corner of the room for five minutes until he clams down and behaves more appropriately.This is an example of the use of

Which of the following is a variation of response cost and involves removing the individual from a situation in which reinforcement occurs?

When two autistic boys were ignored after instances of self-destructive behavior,their tendency to injure themselves disappeared.The operant principle employed was

Twoyearold Dennis is outside with his mother when he begins pulling the dog's ears.When he refuses to stop,his mother picks Dennis up and carries him back into the house and away from their dog.Dennis is experiencing

Marian is very late coming in from her date.Her parents scold her for 30 minutes and then "ground" her (take away her dating privilege) for two weeks.Marian is experiencing

When the rewards that maintain undesirable behaviors are identified and removed,these undesirable behaviors will undergo

A behavior therapist wants to reward a language delayed child for saying a new word,but rewards the child first for saying the first letter sound and then another letter sound,and so on.The language therapist is using

The most frequently occurring human behaviors lead to some form of

An athletic team almost always wins the game when they play at "home" but they seldom win a game played "on the road." Their winning appears to be influenced by where the game is played.This illustrates the operant principle of

Jeffery and Logan are brothers who are fighting over a new toy.Their mother sends them to separate rooms until they can calm down and agree to share the toy and play "nicely." Mother is using the operant conditioning technique known as

If you are helping a person relearn how to walk after a stroke,you begin by reinforcing the person for being able to stand with a walker,then taking a step,then taking another step,then moving the walker and taking another step and so on.You are using the behavioral procedure known as

You are on your grandfather's farm and wander into the chicken yard when a "mad" hen comes running at you squawking and with her wings flapping.She even pecks you on your ankle.You stay away from this area of the farm during the rest of your visit due to

If you set your clock ten minutes fast,it may be easier to leave the house on time in the morning.Even though you know that the clock is fast,your departure is under which of the following regarding the clock?

Stimulus control is an operant conditioning procedure in which

Quiz 67: Therapies: Behavior Therapies

Time-out,which involves removing a person from a situation in which reinforcement could occur is a variation of

You are setting up a behavior modification plan for a classroom.In dealing with the undesirable behaviors in this classroom,you will identify and remove the rewards for these behaviors and in doing so bring about

Which of the following procedures prevents a reward from following an undesirable response by removing the individual from a situation in which he or she could be reinforced?

Rewarding actions that are closer and closer approximations to a desired response is called

Three-year-old Timmon misbehaves,and his mother places him in a chair facing the corner of the room for five minutes until he clams down and behaves more appropriately.This is an example of the use of

Which of the following is a variation of response cost and involves removing the individual from a situation in which reinforcement occurs?

When two autistic boys were ignored after instances of self-destructive behavior,their tendency to injure themselves disappeared.The operant principle employed was

Two­year­old Dennis is outside with his mother when he begins pulling the dog's ears.When he refuses to stop,his mother picks Dennis up and carries him back into the house and away from their dog.Dennis is experiencing

Marian is very late coming in from her date.Her parents scold her for 30 minutes and then "ground" her (take away her dating privilege) for two weeks.Marian is experiencing

When the rewards that maintain undesirable behaviors are identified and removed,these undesirable behaviors will undergo

A behavior therapist wants to reward a language delayed child for saying a new word,but rewards the child first for saying the first letter sound and then another letter sound,and so on.The language therapist is using

The most frequently occurring human behaviors lead to some form of

An athletic team almost always wins the game when they play at "home" but they seldom win a game played "on the road." Their winning appears to be influenced by where the game is played.This illustrates the operant principle of

Jeffery and Logan are brothers who are fighting over a new toy.Their mother sends them to separate rooms until they can calm down and agree to share the toy and play "nicely." Mother is using the operant conditioning technique known as

If you are helping a person relearn how to walk after a stroke,you begin by reinforcing the person for being able to stand with a walker,then taking a step,then taking another step,then moving the walker and taking another step and so on.You are using the behavioral procedure known as

You are on your grandfather's farm and wander into the chicken yard when a "mad" hen comes running at you squawking and with her wings flapping.She even pecks you on your ankle.You stay away from this area of the farm during the rest of your visit due to

If you set your clock ten minutes fast,it may be easier to leave the house on time in the morning.Even though you know that the clock is fast,your departure is under which of the following regarding the clock?

Stimulus control is an operant conditioning procedure in which

Twoyearold Dennis is outside with his mother when he begins pulling the dog's ears.When he refuses to stop,his mother picks Dennis up and carries him back into the house and away from their dog.Dennis is experiencing