Question 1

The white blood cells that fight bacterial infections and attack cancer cells and viruses are called:

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes are the white blood cells that play a significant role in fighting bacterial infections, attacking cancer cells, and viruses. They are part of the adaptive immune system that recognizes and destroys foreign invaders in the body.

Question 2

By triggering ________,stress can reduce the effectiveness of flu vaccinations.

Accepted Answer

Stress can reduce lymphocyte levels, which are important in producing immune responses to vaccinations. This can ultimately decrease the effectiveness of flu vaccinations.

Question 3

T lymphocytes attack

Accepted Answer

T lymphocytes, also known as T cells, are a type of white blood cell that play a key role in the immune response against cancer cells. These cells can recognize and attack cancer cells that display specific markers on their surface. T cells can also be engineered in the laboratory to enhance their ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells in patients with certain types of cancer.

Question 4

By attacking the body's own tissues,an overly reactive immune system is most likely to cause:

Accepted Answer

An overly reactive immune system can cause allergic reactions by mistaking harmless substances, such as pollen or certain foods, as dangerous and attacking them. This can lead to a range of symptoms, from mild rashes and itching to severe anaphylaxis.

Question 5

The study of how psychological,neural,and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health is called:

Accepted Answer

The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health is called psychoneuroimmunology. Option A (evolutionary psychology) is the study of how evolution has shaped the mind and behavior. Option B (health psychology) is the study of how psychological factors affect health and illness. Option C (cognitive psychology) is the study of mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving.

Question 6

Viral infections are to ________ as bacterial infections are to ________.

Accepted Answer

T lymphocytes are primarily responsible for fighting viral infections, while B lymphocytes are primarily responsible for fighting bacterial infections.

Question 7

An aroused fight-or-flight reaction:

Accepted Answer

The answer of An aroused fight-or-flight reaction:
...

Question 8

As a psychologist employed by a medical school,Dr.McNerney specializes in research on the causes of stress and on the effectiveness of various techniques for coping with stress.Dr.McNerney is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. McNerney's specialization in researching stress and coping techniques within a medical context suggests that they are a health psychologist, focused on the intersection of physical and psychological health.

Question 9

Breast feeding is associated with the release of:

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding leads to the release of oxytocin, a hormone that promotes bonding between the mother and child, and also triggers the let-down reflex which allows milk to be released from the breast. Endorphins and NK cells may also be released during breastfeeding, but the most strongly associated hormone is oxytocin. Lymphocytes are not directly linked with breastfeeding.

Question 10

Worn-out red blood cells and tiny harmful bacteria are ingested by an immune system agent known as the:

Accepted Answer

Worn-out red blood cells and harmful bacteria are ingested by macrophages, which are a type of immune system cell that engulfs and digests debris and foreign substances in the body. B lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that produce antibodies against specific pathogens or foreign substances, oxytocin is a hormone involved in labor and bonding, and a carcinogen is a substance that can cause cancer.

Question 11

Eileen notices that her herpes infection is especially likely to flare up during the stressful occasions when she needs to work overtime hours in order to meet pressing deadlines.This is most likely to be caused by her body's

Accepted Answer

Stress can weaken the immune system by reducing the levels of lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that help fight off infections. This can make it easier for the herpes virus to become active and cause outbreaks.

Question 12

One option for dealing with stress,which is more common among women than men,is:

Accepted Answer

The tend-and-befriend response is a response to stress that is more common among women than men. This response involves seeking social support and nurturing others during times of stress. Women may be more likely to engage in this response due to evolutionary factors and socialization patterns. This approach can be helpful for reducing the negative effects of stress and promoting well-being.

Question 13

In a healthy,functioning immune system,________ search out and destroy cancer cells.

Accepted Answer

NK cells (Natural Killer cells) are a type of lymphocyte (a type of immune cell) that has the ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells, as well as other infected or abnormal cells in the body. Carcinogens are substances that can cause cancer, but they do not actively search out and destroy cancer cells. B lymphocytes produce antibodies and play a role in fighting infections, but they do not have the same direct role in recognizing and destroying cancer cells as NK cells. Endorphins are hormones that are associated with feelings of pleasure and pain relief, but they do not play a role in the immune system's response to cancer.

Question 14

After the stress of breaking up with his girlfriend,Eric came down with a severe respiratory infection.His infection may have spread very rapidly due to a(n)________ in his body's production of ________.

Accepted Answer

The immune system is responsible for fighting off infections, and lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays an important role in protecting the body from infection. Stress has been shown to decrease lymphocyte production, which can weaken the immune system and make individuals more susceptible to infections. Therefore, a decrease in lymphocyte production could contribute to the rapid spread of Eric's respiratory infection.

Question 15

A successful stress-reduction program is most likely to quicken June's recovery from viral pneumonia by ________ her body's levels of ________.

Accepted Answer

The immune system is responsible for fighting off infections such as viral pneumonia. T lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that play a critical role in the immune response. Chronic stress has been shown to decrease T lymphocyte levels and impair immune function. Therefore, a stress-reduction program that increases June's levels of T lymphocytes would be most beneficial for her recovery.

Question 16

Jane coped with the stress of breast cancer by giving and receiving support from other women who were also struggling with this disease.Her reaction best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

The tend-and-befriend response is a coping mechanism in which individuals seek and provide social support during times of stress. This is what Jane did when coping with breast cancer by giving and receiving support from other women in the same situation. Acculturative stress refers to the stress that arises from adapting to a new culture. Catharsis refers to the release of emotions through expressive activities. Type A personality is characterized by competitiveness and a sense of urgency, which is not related to Jane's coping mechanism.

Question 17

Oxytocin is a stress-moderating hormone released by:

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin is released during physical touch and has been found to reduce stress levels in individuals. A cuddling or massage increases physical touch and can thereby lead to the release of oxytocin, therefore option D is the correct choice. Oxytocin is not released by lymphocytes or NK cells and is not a part of a fight-or-flight response.

Question 18

To study how stress and healthy and unhealthy behaviors influence health and illness,psychologists and physicians created the interdisciplinary field of:

Accepted Answer

The interdisciplinary field of behavioral medicine was created by psychologists and physicians to study how stress and healthy and unhealthy behaviors influence health and illness. Health psychology is a subfield of behavioral medicine that focuses specifically on psychological factors influencing health and illness. Cognitive neuroscience is a field that studies the biological basis of mental processes. Holistic medicine is an approach to healthcare that focuses on the whole person, including physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. While behavioral medicine may consider aspects of holistic medicine, it is specifically focused on the interplay between behavior and health.

Question 19

Prolonged daily hassles such as unemployment and overcrowding are likely to promote:

Accepted Answer

Prolonged daily hassles, such as unemployment and overcrowding, are known to promote chronic stress, resulting in decreased levels of lymphocytes, which are crucial for the immune system's proper functioning.

Question 20

T lymphocytes are formed in the:

Accepted Answer

T lymphocytes, also known as T cells, are formed in the thymus.

Quiz 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing

The white blood cells that fight bacterial infections and attack cancer cells and viruses are called:

By triggering ________,stress can reduce the effectiveness of flu vaccinations.

T lymphocytes attack

By attacking the body's own tissues,an overly reactive immune system is most likely to cause:

The study of how psychological,neural,and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health is called:

Viral infections are to as bacterial infections are to .

An aroused fight-or-flight reaction:

As a psychologist employed by a medical school,Dr.McNerney specializes in research on the causes of stress and on the effectiveness of various techniques for coping with stress.Dr.McNerney is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.

Breast feeding is associated with the release of:

Worn-out red blood cells and tiny harmful bacteria are ingested by an immune system agent known as the:

Eileen notices that her herpes infection is especially likely to flare up during the stressful occasions when she needs to work overtime hours in order to meet pressing deadlines.This is most likely to be caused by her body's

One option for dealing with stress,which is more common among women than men,is:

In a healthy,functioning immune system,________ search out and destroy cancer cells.

After the stress of breaking up with his girlfriend,Eric came down with a severe respiratory infection.His infection may have spread very rapidly due to a(n) in his body's production of .

A successful stress-reduction program is most likely to quicken June's recovery from viral pneumonia by her body's levels of .

Jane coped with the stress of breast cancer by giving and receiving support from other women who were also struggling with this disease.Her reaction best illustrates:

Oxytocin is a stress-moderating hormone released by:

To study how stress and healthy and unhealthy behaviors influence health and illness,psychologists and physicians created the interdisciplinary field of:

Prolonged daily hassles such as unemployment and overcrowding are likely to promote:

T lymphocytes are formed in the:

Quiz 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing

The white blood cells that fight bacterial infections and attack cancer cells and viruses are called:

By triggering ________,stress can reduce the effectiveness of flu vaccinations.

T lymphocytes attack

By attacking the body's own tissues,an overly reactive immune system is most likely to cause:

The study of how psychological,neural,and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health is called:

Viral infections are to ________ as bacterial infections are to ________.

An aroused fight-or-flight reaction:

As a psychologist employed by a medical school,Dr.McNerney specializes in research on the causes of stress and on the effectiveness of various techniques for coping with stress.Dr.McNerney is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.

Breast feeding is associated with the release of:

Worn-out red blood cells and tiny harmful bacteria are ingested by an immune system agent known as the:

Eileen notices that her herpes infection is especially likely to flare up during the stressful occasions when she needs to work overtime hours in order to meet pressing deadlines.This is most likely to be caused by her body's

One option for dealing with stress,which is more common among women than men,is:

In a healthy,functioning immune system,________ search out and destroy cancer cells.

After the stress of breaking up with his girlfriend,Eric came down with a severe respiratory infection.His infection may have spread very rapidly due to a(n) ________ in his body's production of ________.

A successful stress-reduction program is most likely to quicken June's recovery from viral pneumonia by ________ her body's levels of ________.

Jane coped with the stress of breast cancer by giving and receiving support from other women who were also struggling with this disease.Her reaction best illustrates:

Oxytocin is a stress-moderating hormone released by:

To study how stress and healthy and unhealthy behaviors influence health and illness,psychologists and physicians created the interdisciplinary field of:

Prolonged daily hassles such as unemployment and overcrowding are likely to promote:

T lymphocytes are formed in the:

Viral infections are to as bacterial infections are to .

After the stress of breaking up with his girlfriend,Eric came down with a severe respiratory infection.His infection may have spread very rapidly due to a(n) in his body's production of .

A successful stress-reduction program is most likely to quicken June's recovery from viral pneumonia by her body's levels of .