Before grievance and arbitration procedures became popular, employee and union complaints were usually by:
A) Court action.
B) Strikes, slow-downs, etc.
C) Management's "open-door" policy.
D) Labor-management committees.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Before grievance and arbitration procedures became popular, employees and unions often resorted to collective action tactics such as strikes, work stoppages, and slow-downs to voice their complaints and demands. Other options such as court action, management's "open-door" policy, and labor-management committees were less effective and did not provide a structured and formal process for resolving disputes.

Before Grievance and Arbitration Procedures Became Popular, Employee and Union