Question 1

When you look at the drawing below,your brain fills in the gaps so that you perceive a complete form-in this case,a square.This occurs due to the principle of:

Accepted Answer

The principle of closure refers to the brain's ability to perceive complete forms even when there are gaps or missing information. In this case, the brain fills in the missing lines of the square to create a complete shape. Choice A (proximity), Choice B (continuity), and Choice C (similarity) do not fully explain this phenomenon.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a Gestalt principle?

Accepted Answer

Acuity is not a Gestalt principle, as it refers to the sharpness or clarity of vision. The other options - similarity, continuity, and proximity - are all Gestalt principles of perceptual organization, which describe how humans tend to group visual elements into coherent wholes.

Question 3

Which of the following is a binocular cue to depth?

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images projected onto the retinas of each eye. This cue allows us to perceive depth and three-dimensional space. The brain combines these two images to create a perception of depth and distance. Interposition, relative height, and linear perspective are all monocular cues to depth.

Question 4

Binocular cues help us estimate distances up to about _______________ feet.

Accepted Answer

Binocular cues are most effective for estimating distances up to about 50 feet, beyond which monocular cues become more dominant.

Question 5

All of the following are non-visual factors that influence distance perception EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Monocular cues are visual factors that influence distance perception, not non-visual factors. Emotions, goals, and effort are all examples of non-visual factors that can impact distance perception.

Question 6

The turning inward of the eyes,which occurs when they focus on a nearby object,is called:

Accepted Answer

Convergence refers to the inward turning of the eyes when focusing on a nearby object. Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images projected onto each of our retinas, which helps us perceive depth. Monocular and binocular depth refer to different cues we use to perceive depth, and are not specific to the act of focusing on a nearby object.

Question 7

As Shane stands between the railroad tracks,the rails appear to converge in the distance.This cue to inferring depth and distance is called:

Accepted Answer

Linear perspective is the cue to inferring depth and distance that occurs when parallel lines appear to converge in the distance. This is exactly what Shane is observing as he looks down the railroad tracks, so the best choice is A) linear perspective. Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images seen by the left and right eyes, which allows us to perceive depth. Relative clarity refers to the fact that objects that are closer to us appear clearer, while objects that are farther away appear more blurred. Relative size refers to the understanding that objects that are larger appear to be closer to us, while objects that are smaller appear to be farther away. None of these cues are as relevant to Shane's observation as linear perspective.

Question 8

When Mary looks at the following display she tends to see horizontal rows rather than vertical columns of faces.This happens because: ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺ ☻☻☻☻☻☻☻ ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺ ☻☻☻☻☻☻☻ ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺

Accepted Answer

The principle of similarity suggests that items that share the same internal features tend to be grouped together. In this display, the faces in each horizontal row have similar features (e.g. all smiling or all frowning), which causes them to be perceived as a separate group from the faces in the other rows.

Question 9

Grant perceives snow as remaining white on cloudy days as well as on bright ones.He is not fooled even though the amount of light the snow reflects is different on cloudy days.Grant's perception is due to:

Accepted Answer

Grant's perception of the snow as remaining white despite changes in lighting is an example of brightness constancy. This refers to the ability to perceive the brightness of an object as remaining constant across different lighting conditions. In this case, Grant perceives the snow as white regardless of whether it is cloudy or bright outside, because he is able to adjust his perception to take into account the difference in lighting.

Question 10

The _______________ psychologists studied how people organize the world visually into meaningful units and patterns.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt psychologists were known for studying how people perceive and organize visual information into meaningful units and patterns. They emphasized the importance of holistic processing and the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Psychophysical psychologists focus on the relationship between physical stimuli and perceptual experiences, organizational psychologists may study how people organize social groups or businesses, and figure/ground refers to a basic organizing principle in visual perception.

Question 11

Kevin watches as his wife Denise walks toward the house.Even though the retinal image of Denise grows larger as Denise approaches,she does not appear to be growing larger as she moves closer and closer to Kevin.This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Size constancy refers to the ability of the brain to perceive objects as maintaining their size regardless of changes in their retinal image size as they move closer or farther away from the observer. Therefore, Kevin's observation that Denise does not appear to be growing larger as she approaches him despite the retinal image growing larger illustrates size constancy.

Question 12

The _______________ belonged to a movement that began in Germany and was influential in the 1920s and 1930s.They were among the first to study how people organize the world visually into meaningful units and patterns.

Accepted Answer

The mention of a movement that began in Germany and was influential in the 1920s and 1930s points to the Gestalt psychology movement. Gestalt psychologists were known for their study of how people perceive and organize the visual world. The other choices, structuralists, behaviorists, and functionalists, are not associated with this particular movement or focus on the visual perception of the world.

Question 13

As she watches her granddaughter's dance recital,Patty perceives two separate groups of dancers.Her granddaughter's group wore bright turquoise costumes with gold accents and the other group wore bright gold costumes with turquoise accents.Patty perceived the girls as belonging to two different groups due to the Gestalt principle of:

Accepted Answer

The principle of similarity suggests that we tend to group together elements that are similar in appearance. In this case, the bright turquoise and gold accents of one group and the bright gold and turquoise accents of the other group are similar in appearance, but differ from one another, leading Patty to perceive them as two separate groups.

Question 14

The frequency of a sound wave is related to the perceived _______________ of a sound.

Accepted Answer

The frequency of a sound wave directly corresponds to the pitch of a sound, which is how high or low we perceive it to be. Loudness, or the perceived volume of a sound, is related to the amplitude (or intensity) of a sound wave. Spectrum and timbre are related to the complexity of a sound wave and the unique combination of frequencies that make up a sound, respectively.

Question 15

The slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye is called:

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the difference in the visual information received by each eye due to their slightly different positions on the head. This difference in retinal images is processed by the brain to create depth perception and 3D vision. Monocular refers to visual cues that can be perceived with one eye alone, while non-visual cues are sensory information from other senses such as sound, touch, and smell that contribute to perception. Linear disparity is not a commonly used term in the field of perception.

Question 16

The slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye is called:

Accepted Answer

The slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye is called retinal disparity. Convergence refers to the inward movement of the eyes when focusing on a nearby object. Location constancy refers to the ability to perceive an object as staying in the same place even when it moves relative to the background. Binocular depth involves the use of both eyes to perceive depth and distance.

Question 17

The amplitude of a sound wave is related to the perceived _______________ of a sound.

Accepted Answer

The amplitude of a sound wave refers to the magnitude or intensity of the wave. The greater the amplitude, the louder the sound that is perceived. Therefore, the amplitude of a sound wave is related to the perceived loudness of a sound.

Question 18

An important visual skill is the ability to perceive objects as stable or unchanging even though the retinal image changes.This is called:

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy refers to the ability of the brain to perceive objects as stable and unchanging despite variations in retinal images.

Question 19

Perceptual research indicates that:

Accepted Answer

Some illusions, like the bent chopstick in water, are indeed based on physical principles, specifically the refraction of light as it passes from one medium (water) to another (air), which distorts the appearance of objects submerged in or viewed through the water. This is not a perceptual trick of the brain but a physical effect.

Question 20

The opponent process theory of color vision:

Accepted Answer

The opponent process theory of color vision proposes that color perception is based on opposing pairs of colors, such as red versus green, and blue versus yellow. This theory focuses on how neurons in the visual system code color information and process it in a way that creates the experience of color.

Quiz 6: Exstintion: Sensation and Perception

When you look at the drawing below,your brain fills in the gaps so that you perceive a complete form-in this case,a square.This occurs due to the principle of:

Which of the following is NOT a Gestalt principle?

Which of the following is a binocular cue to depth?

Binocular cues help us estimate distances up to about _______________ feet.

All of the following are non-visual factors that influence distance perception EXCEPT:

The turning inward of the eyes,which occurs when they focus on a nearby object,is called:

As Shane stands between the railroad tracks,the rails appear to converge in the distance.This cue to inferring depth and distance is called:

When Mary looks at the following display she tends to see horizontal rows rather than vertical columns of faces.This happens because: ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺ ☻☻☻☻☻☻☻ ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺ ☻☻☻☻☻☻☻ ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺

Grant perceives snow as remaining white on cloudy days as well as on bright ones.He is not fooled even though the amount of light the snow reflects is different on cloudy days.Grant's perception is due to:

The _______________ psychologists studied how people organize the world visually into meaningful units and patterns.

Kevin watches as his wife Denise walks toward the house.Even though the retinal image of Denise grows larger as Denise approaches,she does not appear to be growing larger as she moves closer and closer to Kevin.This illustrates:

The _______________ belonged to a movement that began in Germany and was influential in the 1920s and 1930s.They were among the first to study how people organize the world visually into meaningful units and patterns.

The frequency of a sound wave is related to the perceived _______________ of a sound.

The slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye is called:

The slight difference in lateral separation between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right eye is called:

The amplitude of a sound wave is related to the perceived _______________ of a sound.

An important visual skill is the ability to perceive objects as stable or unchanging even though the retinal image changes.This is called:

Perceptual research indicates that:

The opponent process theory of color vision: