Question 1

According to statistics cited in the text, in the U.S. today, about what percent of "launched" children return home for a period of time?

Accepted Answer

The text states that "38% of launched children return home for a period of time."

Question 2

If personality traits are biologically based, this would imply that they would be established relatively ________ in life and would change ________ across the lifespan.

Accepted Answer

To the extent that personality is biologically determined, we would expect to see consistency in the traits that characterize the personality profile across the stages of the lifespan.

Question 3

If you were to gather evidence on the age at which divorced adults concluded their divorce, you would most likely find that the average age of divorced men was about _____ and the average age of divorced women was _____.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

Suppose your friend has just taken a job that is strongly associated with job burnout. To help him cope, you could point out that all of the following pieces of advice help prevent burnout EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Dedicating one's professional life entirely to the people one is trying to help can lead to emotional exhaustion and burnout, especially if expectations are not met. It's important to maintain a balance and not overcommit emotionally to work.

Question 5

In a study that asked adults how their personalities had changed in the previous 6 years, the results shows that _____ reported that their personalities had "stayed the same" and _____ reported that their personalities had "changed a good deal."

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study that asked adults how...

Question 6

Now that her father is a widower, Susan finds herself in middle age hosting the holidays at her home for all of her extended family members. According to the text, which of the following is the word used to describe the role has Susan assumed?

Accepted Answer

The word used to describe Susan's role is "kinkeeper," which refers to a family member who takes on the responsibility of maintaining family relationships and traditions.

Question 7

According to the view proposed by Robert Peck, which of the following periods is most often the critical time for making adjustments that will determine the way people live out the rest of their years?

Accepted Answer

Robert Peck suggests that the period between ages 50 to 60 is crucial for making adjustments that significantly influence how individuals will experience their later years. This phase is often associated with evaluating life achievements, facing retirement, and dealing with physical changes, making it a pivotal time for setting the course for one's later life.

Question 8

Leonardo finds that as he has reached middle age, his physical stamina has begun to wane, and he has been forced to shift his focus his leisure time interests away from golf and tennis toward reading and going to the theater. Peck would describe Leonardo's adjustment as centering on:

Accepted Answer

Peck's theory of psycho-social development suggests that as individuals move through adulthood, they shift their focus from valuing physical powers to valuing wisdom. Therefore, Leonardo's adjustment to his waning physical stamina and new leisure interests align with this stage of development.

Question 9

The text reports the results of a study of friendships among people at four different life stages. In all of these stages of life, which of the following was reported as the most important aspect of friendship?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text reports the results of a...

Question 10

In a study reported in the text, women were asked to report the major transitions in their lives. Which of the following was NOT one of the three transitions that most women reported?

Accepted Answer

Menarche was not one of the three major transitions that most women reported. The three transitions were the birth of their children, when children left home, and menopause. Menarche is a significant milestone but was not reported as one of the top three transitions.

Question 11

Which of the following terms refers to something quite different than do the other three terms?

Accepted Answer

The term "single-parent family" refers to a family in which a parent raises a child without the presence of the other parent, while the other three terms refer to families where the parents have remarried or entered into a new relationship.

Question 12

Statistically speaking, which of the following people is likely to be oldest when he or she becomes a grandparent?

Accepted Answer

Statistically, White individuals tend to have children at an older age compared to African American individuals. Additionally, women generally become grandparents earlier than men because they tend to have children at a younger age than men. Therefore, Tim, who is a White man, is statistically likely to be the oldest when he becomes a grandparent.

Question 13

According to Erikson, the procreative domain of generativity centers on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, the procreative domain of generativity involves taking care of one's children and guiding them toward good lives. This includes being involved in their upbringing and providing necessary emotional and material support.

Question 14

According to the text, in comparison to first marriages, second marriages are more often characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The text states that second marriages are characterized by more open communication, greater acceptance of conflict, and more trust that disagreements can be resolved. The text does not mention higher levels of hostility in second marriages compared to first marriages.

Question 15

According to the text, about what percent of aging parents in the United States today share a home with their middle-aged children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, about what percent...

Question 16

Suppose you are conducting a study in which you ask middle-aged men and women why they have stayed married to each other. You would expect that the primary reason that men would give would be _________ and the primary reason women would give would be _____________.

Accepted Answer

Research and surveys on marital satisfaction often find that both men and women cite companionship and friendship with their spouse as key reasons for marital longevity. This reflects a trend towards valuing emotional and social support within marriages over more traditional or pragmatic reasons such as financial stability or parenting responsibilities.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about Erik Erikson's view of adult development is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

This statement is actually false. According to Erikson's theory, when major life circumstances change dramatically, adults tend to revisit earlier developmental adaptations and try to find new ways to apply them to their current situation. In other words, they use their past experiences to help them cope with the new challenges they are facing.

Question 18

If you were to choose the most descriptive words to describe how middle-aged fathers are typically regarded by their children, these words would be:

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were to choose the most...

Question 19

As 45-year-old Brenda's parents age, she helps them with their finances, buys their groceries, and takes care of their house. Which of the following terms best describes this transition in Brenda's and her parents' lives?

Accepted Answer

Role reversal refers to the transition where a child becomes a caregiver for their aging parents. In this case, Brenda is taking on the role of caregiver for her parents as they age. Role conflict refers to a situation where a person experiences conflict between two or more roles they have to fulfill. Stagnation refers to the lack of growth or development. Role strain refers to stress or turmoil experienced while fulfilling a particular role. None of these terms fully describe the situation described in the question.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about marriage and divorce is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Married people tend to report higher levels of sexual satisfaction and frequency of sex compared to their unmarried counterparts, according to various studies on marital satisfaction and sexual activity.

Quiz 15: Middle Adulthood: Personality and Sociocultural Development