Question 1

Suppose you are reading statistics about a particular college. This college reports that about 30-40% of the student body has been treated for depression. Generalizing from statistics reported in the text, you would know that the students at this college are about ____ as likely to suffer from depression as are students nation-wide.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C) twice, because the national average for depression among college students is generally reported to be around 15-20%. Therefore, if this college reports 30-40%, it is roughly twice the national average.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the risk factors commonly associated with adolescent suicide?

Accepted Answer

Belonging to the "most popular" peer group in the school is not a risk factor commonly associated with adolescent suicide. The other options listed are all known risk factors.

Question 3

In industrialized nations, the period between the ages of 18 and 25 is often called the period of:

Accepted Answer

This period of time is often referred to as "emerging adulthood" as young people in industrialized nations are taking longer to fully transition into adulthood in terms of completing their education, establishing careers, and forming long-term committed relationships. This stage is characterized by exploration and instability, as well as the freedom to make independent choices and decisions.

Question 4

According to the text, the two major tasks for teenagers to accomplish during adolescence are:

Accepted Answer

The text states that the two major tasks for teenagers to accomplish during adolescence are forming an identity and becoming independent from parents. The other choices may also be important during adolescence, but they are not listed as the two major tasks in the text.

Question 5

Since the mid-1950s, suicide rates for adolescents ages 15 to 19 have_________.

Accepted Answer

Suicide rates for adolescents ages 15 to 19 have nearly tripled since the mid-1950s, making it the second leading cause of death for this age group.

Question 6

Nancy has just entered her teenage years. Although she was a good student in elementary, school she recently has gotten into trouble at school because she is behaving inappropriately and she does not seem to be able to control herself well enough to get enough sleep and complete her homework. If Nancy's difficulties are linked to the parenting style of her parents, they would most likely be described as:

Accepted Answer

Permissive parents tend to be lenient and set few rules or limits for their children, which can lead to a lack of structure and discipline in the child's life. This can result in the child having difficulty with self-control and responsibility, which seems to be the case with Nancy.

Question 7

Jose constantly measures himself against his friends, noting how he is better at some things and not as good at others. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Social comparison is the process of evaluating oneself in relation to others. In this scenario, Jose is comparing himself to his friends to assess his own abilities and strengths. Foreclosure refers to the situation where an individual adopts an identity without exploring other options, while identity diffusion is characterized by an absence of commitment to any particular identity. Interdependence refers to the reliance on others and the mutual support provided in relationships. None of these options accurately describe Jose's behavior in this scenario.

Question 8

Which of the following has been shown to be the strongest predictor of depression in male and female adolescents:

Accepted Answer

Having low self-esteem has been consistently shown to be the strongest predictor of depression in male and female adolescents, even more so than substance use or abuse history. Additionally, low self-esteem can also contribute to the development and maintenance of depressive symptoms.

Question 9

According to the text, in comparison with younger adolescents, older adolescents are _____ concerned with their date's physical appearance and ______ concerned with their date's personality characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The text states that "older adolescents were less concerned about the physical appearance of their partner and more concerned about personality characteristics." Therefore, they are less concerned with physical appearance (option B) and more concerned with personality characteristics (option A and C are incorrect).

Question 10

According to statistics reported in the text, what percentage of U. S. teenagers has used alcohol by the end of high school?

Accepted Answer

The text states that "70 percent of U.S. teenagers have had at least one drink of alcohol by the end of high school."

Question 11

Generalizing from the text, during the early part of adolescence, the source of most conflicts between teenagers and their parents is which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

During the early part of adolescence, teenagers are seeking to establish their identity and independence, which often leads to conflicts with their parents over family rules and obligations. This is because they are trying to test the boundaries and assert their own autonomy, which can clash with the expectations and rules set by their parents. While career choices, religious beliefs, and political beliefs may also be topics of disagreement, they are not as universally applicable as family rules and obligations.

Question 12

Making your own judgments and regulating your own behavior is known as what?

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation involves the ability to monitor and control one's own thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in order to achieve a desired outcome. It requires a combination of self-awareness, self-control, and self-motivation. Self-efficacy is a related concept that refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to accomplish a specific task or goal, while self-confidence is a more general sense of belief in one's own abilities. Self-consciousness refers to a heightened awareness of oneself, which can sometimes be negative or self-doubting.

Question 13

According to the text, an adolescent "clique" consists of:

Accepted Answer

The text states that an adolescent "clique" consists of a highly cohesive group of 3 to 9 peers.

Question 14

Suppose the Jones family has four children. The level of conflict in the family is most likely to increase the most dramatically when which of these children reaches adolescence?

Accepted Answer

When the oldest child reaches adolescence, the level of conflict in the family is most likely to increase the most dramatically. This is because the transition of the first child into adolescence introduces new parenting challenges and dynamics that the parents have not previously encountered, leading to potential increases in family conflict as adjustments are made.

Question 15

Statistically, you should expect that delinquency rates would be highest in:

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that delinquency rates are highest in impoverished urban areas, where there is often a lack of resources, high levels of violence, and limited opportunities for education and employment. Poor rural areas may also have higher rates of delinquency, but typically not as high as in urban areas. Rich urban and rural areas tend to have lower rates of delinquency due to greater access to resources and opportunities.

Question 16

Judy was raised by Republican parents and so, when asked her party preferences, she says, "Hmm…I guess I'm a Republican, but I really don't know." Generalizing from Marcia's view of identity formation, which label best describes Judy's political identity status?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Judy was raised by Republican parents and...

Question 17

Carlos is an adolescent boy who has been subjected to sexual abuse. Which of the following people would most likely have been the abuser?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carlos is an adolescent boy who has...

Question 18

Which parenting style is associated with the most positive outcome for adolescent behavior?

Accepted Answer

The authoritative parenting style, which is characterized by high levels of warmth and supportiveness combined with high levels of behavioral control and expectations for maturity, has been consistently associated with the most positive outcomes for adolescent behavior. This includes higher levels of academic achievement, better emotional regulation and social skills, and lower rates of behavior problems such as substance use and delinquency. The other parenting styles listed (authoritarian, permissive, neglectful) have been linked to various negative outcomes for adolescent behavior.

Question 19

In comparison to statistics from the 1970s, today in the United States surveys find that cigarette smoking by adolescents has:

Accepted Answer

According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cigarette smoking by adolescents in the United States has declined substantially since the 1970s. In 1976, over 28% of high school seniors reported smoking cigarettes in the previous month. By contrast, in 2019 only 4.7% of high school seniors reported smoking cigarettes on a daily basis. This decline is attributed to a variety of factors, including increased awareness of the health risks associated with smoking, changes in social norms, and increased regulation and taxation of tobacco products.

Question 20

In comparison to a crowd, a clique is _______ and is ______ likely to include members of both genders.

Accepted Answer

A clique is smaller and is more likely to be exclusive, meaning they may not include members of both genders. A larger group, like a crowd, would have a higher likelihood of including both genders.

Quiz 11: Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Personality and Sociocultural Development