Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding sleep patterns across cultures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

An example of a transitional object is

Accepted Answer

A transitional object is an item that a child uses to provide comfort or a sense of security, often during times of transition or stress. A child's favorite blanket is a common example of a transitional object, as it can provide comfort and familiarity in new or stressful situations. Crackers between lunch and dinner and a rocking chair are not typically considered transitional objects.

Question 3

Pedro has become proficient in kicking the soccer ball into the goal net.This ability relies on his _____ motor skills.

Accepted Answer

Kicking a soccer ball into the goal net involves large muscle movements and coordination, which are classified as gross motor skills. Fine motor skills, on the other hand, involve smaller movements such as writing or buttoning a shirt. Graded and subcortical are not standard classifications for motor skills in this context.

Question 4

Jane's "baby teddy" is kept in her mother's car to help calm her down when she has to go to daycare."Baby teddy" is her ______ object.

Accepted Answer

"Baby teddy" is being used to ease the separation anxiety that Jane experiences when leaving for daycare, making it a transitional object.

Question 5

Jerome is approaching early childhood.His parents know that their niece Lydia has studied child development so they ask her what they should expect.Which of the following is NOT something that Lydia will tell them?

Accepted Answer

During early childhood, children typically need less sleep than they did as infants, not more. As they grow, their overall sleep needs decrease.

Question 6

Compared to children in the United States,children in other cultures get __________ sleep,and the timing of sleep is __________.

Accepted Answer

Children in other cultures often have different sleep patterns and schedules compared to those in the United States, but the total amount of sleep is generally similar.

Question 7

Irving is a typical 4-year-old boy.He usually sleeps

Accepted Answer

The answer of Irving is a typical 4-year-old boy.He usually...

Question 8

Shirley has a child who sleepwalks and has night terrors.Given the recommendations provided in your textbook,Shirley should do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

According to the textbook, it is not recommended to wake a child during sleepwalking or night terrors as it can increase the child's confusion and disorientation. Instead, it is recommended to gently guide or escort the child back to bed without fully waking them up.

Question 9

During early childhood,youngsters grow _____ inches per year.

Accepted Answer

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, children between the ages of two and five years old typically grow 2 to 3 inches per year.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding sleep terrors is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Children usually can go back to sleep after a sleep terror episode, often not remembering the event the next morning.

Question 11

Enuresis is the medical term for

Accepted Answer

Enuresis refers to the involuntary discharge of urine, specifically during sleep. Therefore, the medical term for bed-wetting is enuresis.

Question 12

Adam is getting pretty good with the joystick that guides his favorite computer game.This activity relies on his _____ motor skills.

Accepted Answer

The joystick requires precise and coordinated movements of hands and fingers, which falls under the category of fine motor skills. Gross motor skills involve large muscle movements (e.g. running, jumping) and graded motor skills involve adjusting the force and speed of movements. Lateralized motor skills involve using one side of the body more than the other.

Question 13

Jack has occasionally been quite upset when he awakens in the morning.He tells his parents that he dreamed he was being chased by the large dog that lives down the street.Jack is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Jack is experiencing nightmares, which are unpleasant dreams that occur during REM sleep and can cause emotional distress upon waking.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT typically a factor in enuresis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT typically...

Question 15

Sylvia is aware of your extensive background in sleep disturbances and disorders.She is not certain how to tell if her son is experiencing sleep terrors or nightmares.What could you tell her to help her determine the difference?

Accepted Answer

Nightmares occur during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which is closer to the surface of the sleep cycle and is easier for the individual to remember. Sleep terrors, on the other hand, occur during stage 4 non-REM sleep, which is deeper in the sleep cycle and not easily remembered by the individual experiencing them. Therefore, if the child can remember the dream, it is likely a nightmare.

Question 16

Bonnie has apparently awakened from a deep sleep.She is staring ahead and breathing quickly.When asked if she has had a bad dream,she does not answer but promptly lies back down and falls asleep.The next morning,she has no recollection of the experience.Bonnie experienced a

Accepted Answer

Bonnie's experience is indicative of sleep terror, as she has awakened suddenly, is exhibiting symptoms of fear (breathing quickly, not responding), and has no recollection of the experience the next morning. Nightmares are different in that the individual typically wakes up feeling scared and can vividly recall the dream. Bedtime struggles and nighttime fears are not specific sleep disorders.

Question 17

Which of the following statements regarding early childhood sleep behaviors is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Walking and talking during sleep, known as somnambulism and somniloquy respectively, are not unusual in early childhood. These behaviors are part of a group of sleep disorders known as parasomnias, which are relatively common in young children.

Question 18

Mollie,age 4,refused to go to sleep without her favorite rag doll.The family was up late because "Rag Doll Ruthie" had to finish in the wash cycle and spend a period of time in the dryer."Ruthie" is an example of

Accepted Answer

"Rag Doll Ruthie" is a transitional object, which is a comfort object that young children use to help them transition from dependence on their parents to independence. In this case, Mollie needs Ruthie to feel secure enough to go to sleep on her own.

Question 19

Which is not true of early childhood brain growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Brain development is more dramatic during infancy than in early childhood. The brain grows rapidly in the first two years of life, with the most dramatic growth occurring in the cerebral cortex. In early childhood, the brain continues to develop and refine its neural connections, but the growth rate is slower than in infancy.

Question 20

Nightmares during early childhood

Accepted Answer

Nightmares during early childhood are a common phenomenon and are not considered serious unless they occur frequently and interfere with the child's sleep and daily functioning. It is not necessary to seek professional help unless the frequency and intensity of the nightmares are extreme. Research does not suggest any gender or abuse-related differences in the occurrence of nightmares during early childhood, so options A and C are incorrect.

Quiz 9: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood