Question 1

Fifteen-year-old Deshawn alternates between being depressed and out of control emotionally and behaviorally.During his hyperactive periods,he has vandalized property.According to the DSM-5,Deshawn is likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Deshawn's symptoms of alternating between depression and out-of-control emotional/behavioral states, including hyperactivity and vandalism, align with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). DMDD is characterized by severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are out of proportion to the situation and inconsistent with developmental level, alongside a persistent irritable or angry mood.

Question 2

Samantha,a wife and mother of three,who also has a full-time job,has recently been diagnosed with depression.Which of the following is NOT likely to be associated with her depression?

Accepted Answer

Being a wife is not likely to be associated with Samantha's depression. While juggling multiple roles and caring for children can contribute to stress and potentially exacerbate depression, being a wife on its own is not a risk factor for depression. Additionally, receiving less pay for equal work could also be a contributing factor, particularly if it causes financial stress.

Question 3

A state in which an individual is overexcited,hyperactive,and wildly optimistic is known as

Accepted Answer

The state described in the question is mania, which is characterized by feelings of euphoria, hyperactivity, and grandiosity. Depression, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, and rumination all involve different symptoms and are not consistent with the description given in the question.

Question 4

Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving internal states such as anxiety or depression.Men are generally ________ vulnerable than women to disorders involving external behaviors such as alcohol use disorder or antisocial conduct.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that men are less vulnerable than women to disorders involving internal states such as anxiety or depression. However, men are more vulnerable than women to disorders involving external behaviors such as alcohol use disorder or antisocial conduct. This is partly due to societal expectations and gender norms that encourage men to express their emotions less and engage in risky behaviors more.

Question 5

Research regarding depression indicates that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research regarding depression indicates that
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Question 6

For the last month,Gabrielle has felt lethargic and has been unable to get out of bed in the morning.She has withdrawn from friends and family because she feels worthless and unlovable.Gabrielle is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

Gabrielle is exhibiting symptoms of major depressive disorder, including lethargy, social withdrawal, feelings of worthlessness, and lack of interest in activities she once enjoyed. While rumination, bipolar disorder, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder may also involve similar symptoms, the given information points more specifically to major depressive disorder.

Question 7

George Frideric Handel composed his Messiah during three weeks of intense,creative energy.Many believe Handel suffered a mild form of

Accepted Answer

The intense, creative energy followed by a brief period of physical and mental exhaustion suggest bipolar disorder, rather than major depressive disorder or rumination. Handel also may have experienced hyper-religiosity during this period, also consistent with bipolar disorder.

Question 8

Melissa has been depressed for the last month.Suddenly she has become euphoric and hyperactive,and she runs around the apartment complex claiming that she alone could solve the world's energy problems.Melissa is suffering from

Accepted Answer

Melissa is showing symptoms of mania, which is a characteristic of bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania. It is also known as manic-depressive illness. The euphoric and hyperactive behavior shown by Melissa is symptomatic of the manic phase of bipolar disorder.

Question 9

As compared with his wife,Jane,Jim is at an increased risk for developing a disorder that involves external symptoms.Which of the following is NOT one of those disorders?

Accepted Answer

Inhibited sexual desire is a disorder that primarily involves internal symptoms and emotional experiences, rather than external behaviors. Jim is at an increased risk for developing disorders that involve external symptoms because men are more likely than women to exhibit behaviors and actions associated with such disorders, such as substance abuse and antisocial conduct. Lack of impulse control is also a disorder that can manifest in external behaviors.

Question 10

Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cognitive changes that accompany depression often include a heightened expectation of negative outcomes, such as anticipating negative repercussions in a given situation or assuming the worst will happen. This can lead to a sense of hopelessness and defeatism that is characteristic of depression. Decreased self-focused thinking and an obsession with physical pleasure are not typically associated with depression. Externalization of blame may occur in some cases, but it is not a universal cognitive change accompanying depression.

Question 11

Between 1994 and 2003,there was a 40-fold increase in the number of under-20 Americans diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Between 1994 and 2003, there was a significant increase in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder among under-20 Americans, attributed to a broader understanding and recognition of the disorder in children and adolescents.

Question 12

Willa is stressed by the death of a friend,she constantly ruminates about the fact that she is overweight,and she much more easily recalls her academic failures than her many academic successes.These factors are most likely to place Willa at a high level of risk for

Accepted Answer

Willa's stress from the death of a friend, rumination about her weight, and easier recall of academic failures suggest that she may be experiencing negative thinking patterns and low self-esteem, which are common factors in developing major depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder and mania involve periods of both depression and manic or hypomanic episodes, which are not indicated in this scenario. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is typically diagnosed in children and adolescents who have persistent irritability and frequent temper outbursts.

Question 13

After Brian loses his third job in a year,his wife tells him that she wants a divorce.Brian becomes deeply discouraged,demonstrates a loss of self-esteem,and has no energy to find a job or leave his house.He sleeps several hours a day and eats very little.Brian is suffering from

Accepted Answer

Brian is experiencing several symptoms of major depressive disorder, including loss of self-esteem, loss of energy, sleep disturbance, and decreased appetite. Mania and bipolar disorder involve manic or hypomanic episodes, which Brian is not displaying. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is characterized by severe and recurrent temper outbursts, which Brian is not exhibiting.

Question 14

Which of the following people has the more dysfunctional disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is generally considered more dysfunctional due to its extreme mood swings, including manic episodes, which can severely impact daily functioning.

Question 15

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder,individuals are most likely to

Accepted Answer

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder, individuals are likely to exhibit symptoms such as high levels of energy, impulsivity, decreased need for sleep, and hyperactivity. These behaviors suggest that option A, being overactive, is the most appropriate answer. Options B, C, and D are not consistent with the symptomology of bipolar disorder during a manic episode.

Question 16

In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of depression and mania. During manic episodes, individuals experience elevated or irritable moods, increased energy, and racing thoughts. These episodes are often followed by depressive episodes characterized by feelings of hopelessness and lethargy. The other options, mania and major depressive disorder, only describe one aspect of bipolar disorder, and rumination is a symptom that can occur in many different types of disorders.

Question 17

Angie is suffering from major depressive disorder.Compared with people who are not depressed,Angie may experience which one of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

People with major depressive disorder often experience repetitive thoughts of death and suicide, which can lead to actual suicide attempts. This is a hallmark symptom of the disorder and is not typically seen in individuals who are not depressed. A, B, and C are not characteristic symptoms of major depressive disorder.

Question 18

Elmer,the owner of an auto service station,suddenly began smashing the front fenders and hoods of two customers' cars.When asked why,he excitedly explained that he was transforming the cars into "real racing machines." When an employee tried to restrain him,he shouted that everybody was fired and quickly began breaking the car windows.Elmer is exhibiting symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Elmer's behavior shows symptoms of mania, which is characterized by impulsive and destructive behavior, racing thoughts, increased energy, and a decreased need for sleep.

Question 19

Gender differences in depression are least noticeable among

Accepted Answer

Gender differences in depression are least noticeable among preadolescent children, with the gap widening in adolescence and adulthood.

Question 20

The DSM-5's new category of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder will likely

Accepted Answer

The new category of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is intended to reduce the number of child and adolescent bipolar diagnoses by providing a separate diagnosis for children who exhibit chronic irritability and temper outbursts but do not meet the criteria for bipolar disorder. It is not intended to pathologize overactivity or create a larger gender gap in diagnoses, and it is unclear whether it will increase the overall number of people diagnosed with mood disorders.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders