Question 1

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who ________ value thinness and have the ________ body dissatisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Individuals most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who highly value thinness and have the greatest body dissatisfaction, as these factors contribute significantly to the development and maintenance of these eating disorders.

Question 2

Severely restricted eating and an intense fear of weight gain is to ________ as binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The description of severely restricted eating and fear of weight gain is characteristic of anorexia nervosa, while binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting is characteristic of bulimia nervosa. Therefore, the correct answer is A) anorexia nervosa; bulimia nervosa.

Question 3

Lana is about the right weight for her age and height.Nevertheless,whenever she goes on an eating binge,she purges the excessive food by self-induced vomiting.It is likely that Lana suffers from

Accepted Answer

Lana's behavior of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting is a key symptom of bulimia nervosa, a type of eating disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating followed by behaviors meant to compensate for the excessive eating, such as purging, fasting, or excessive exercising. Anorexia nervosa is also an eating disorder, but it is characterized by severe restriction of food intake and fear of gaining weight, rather than binge eating. Personality disorders and fugue states are not related to eating behaviors.

Question 4

A current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders is known as

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition) is the current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders. It provides diagnostic criteria and codes for mental health professionals to use in the diagnosis of various disorders. Epigenetics, the medical model, and the biopsychosocial approach are all related concepts in psychology, but they are not specific classification schemes for psychological disorders.

Question 5

Veronica has been grieving since she lost her beloved husband.At what point would her grief be classified as disordered?

Accepted Answer

According to the DSM-5, grief becomes disordered when it leads to maladaptive or dysfunctional behavior, such as an inability to perform daily tasks, social isolation, or suicidal thoughts. Simply experiencing grief or thinking about memories of the lost loved one is not enough to classify it as a disorder. The duration of grief can vary for each individual, so it is not helpful to use a specific timeline as a criterion for disorder classification. And while it may be distressing for Veronica's mother to see her grieving, this alone does not indicate a disordered grief response.

Question 6

Last week,Becky read that labels can bias perceptions,so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems.If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits,you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to

Accepted Answer

Mental health professionals use diagnostic labels to communicate about their clients, comprehend the underlying causes of psychological problems, and choose the most effective course of treatment. These labels help professionals accurately diagnose and treat mental health disorders.

Question 7

The onset of ________ may begin after a person has broken diet restrictions and gorged.

Accepted Answer

The onset of bulimia nervosa may begin after a person has broken diet restrictions and gorged, as this disorder is characterized by episodes of binge-eating followed by purging behaviors (such as vomiting or laxative use) to compensate for the calories consumed during the binge. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by restrictive food intake and a distorted body image, and it does not typically involve binge-eating or purging behaviors. Borderline personality disorder and dissociative identity disorder are not eating disorders and are not typically associated with binge-eating or purging behaviors.

Question 8

Unlike those with bulimia nervosa,those with binge-eating disorder are NOT likely to ________ following binge eating.

Accepted Answer

Binge-eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without any compensatory behaviors like purging or fasting. Therefore, those with this disorder are not likely to purge or fast after a binge eating episode. While they may feel guilt, shame, or embarrassment after binge eating, their emotions are not typically severe enough to be classified as remorse. Weight gain is a common side effect of binge eating disorder, but it is not a behavior that those with the disorder engage in after a binge. Indigestion can occur after binge eating, but it is not a distinguishing factor between bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, as it can happen in both.

Question 9

Chastity was initially excited to make the cheerleading squad.However,her parents noticed that she stopped eating dinner with them,wanted to help make most meals,and had a list of good and bad foods.She began portioning and weighing the food she ate,and sometimes would claim to have already eaten.Most concerning was the significant weight drop from a healthy 115 pounds to 90 pounds.This case most clearly demonstrates symptoms of

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described in the case, such as a preoccupation with food, weight loss, restricted eating, and secretive behaviors related to food intake, are characteristic of anorexia nervosa.

Question 10

About eight months ago,14-year-old Shelley went on a drastic weight-loss diet that caused her to drop from 110 to 80 pounds.Although she is now dangerously underweight and undernourished,she continues to think she looks fat.Her frustrated father recently forced her to eat a peanut butter sandwich,but Shelley immediately went to the bathroom and threw it all up.Shelley most clearly suffers from

Accepted Answer

Shelley's extreme weight-loss diet and continued belief that she looks fat despite being dangerously underweight are characteristic of anorexia nervosa. Her behavior of immediately throwing up the peanut butter sandwich is also a common symptom of anorexia nervosa.

Question 11

People with anorexia nervosa often come from families that

Accepted Answer

People with anorexia nervosa often come from families that are high achieving and competitive. This is because anorexia is often associated with perfectionism and an intense drive to succeed, which is more common in families that value high achievement and competitiveness.

Question 12

Frequent exposure to images of thin fashion models and celebrities is most likely to be a factor contributing to the development of

Accepted Answer

Frequent exposure to images of thin fashion models and celebrities has been linked to the development of body dissatisfaction, which is a major risk factor for the development of eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa.

Question 13

Rebecca often interrupts her parents while they are speaking and regularly forgets to do her daily chores.She also has difficulty playing nicely with her siblings.Rebecca is demonstrating symptoms of

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described suggest an attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with impulsivity (interrupting) and forgetfulness (chore completion). Difficulty with social interactions with siblings could also be a symptom of ADHD.

Question 14

The study of the molecular mechanisms by which the environment can influence the expression of genetics,without altering one's DNA is called

Accepted Answer

Epigenetics is the study of how environmental factors can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence itself. This includes modifications to the structure of DNA and the surrounding histone proteins, as well as changes in RNA transcription and other molecular mechanisms. The other options are not directly related to this topic.

Question 15

When Marcus becomes anxious,he eats a tremendous amount of food over an extended period.Afterward,Marcus feels guilty about his binge eating but does not purge or exercise excessively.Marcus is demonstrating the symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Marcus is demonstrating symptoms of binge-eating disorder, as he consumes a large amount of food over an extended period and subsequently feels guilty about his behavior. However, he does not exhibit symptoms of bulimia nervosa, as he does not purge or engage in excessive exercise to compensate for his binge eating. He also does not meet the criteria for dissociative identity disorder or antisocial personality disorder, as there is no indication of any disruption of identity or disregard for others' rights or feelings.

Question 16

At one time,disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums.These were replaced with psychiatric hospitals in which attempts were made to diagnose and cure those with psychological disorders.This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of

Accepted Answer

The medical model refers to the approach of treating psychological disorders as medical illnesses that can be diagnosed and cured. This shift from asylums to psychiatric hospitals demonstrates the beneficial consequences of implementing the medical model, which acknowledges the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment for those with psychological disorders. The biopsychosocial approach, DSM-5, and epigenetics are not directly related to this historical change in the treatment of psychological disorders.

Question 17

Twenty-two-year-old Tawana is slightly overweight and loves to eat,particularly snack foods and rich desserts.Fearful of gaining more weight,she frequently takes laxatives and vomits following episodes of binge eating.Tawana most clearly suffers from

Accepted Answer

Tawana's behavior of binge eating and purging is characteristic of bulimia nervosa, which involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, laxative use or excessive exercise. The fear of gaining weight is also a common feature of bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa involves an intense fear of gaining weight and severe restriction of food intake, whereas fugue states and narcissistic personality disorder do not involve disordered eating behaviors.

Question 18

Vince is an adolescent male who aims to be excessively muscular.Which of the following factors is NOT associated with this pursuit?

Accepted Answer

A high self-evaluation is actually associated with the pursuit of excessive muscularity, as individuals may believe that achieving this level of muscularity will enhance their physical attractiveness and social status. Fretting about falling short of expectations, having perfectionist standards, and concern about how others view him are all commonly associated factors with the pursuit of excessive muscularity.

Question 19

Which of the following was eliminated from the list of disorders in the DSM in 1973?

Accepted Answer

Homosexuality was removed from the list of disorders in the DSM in 1973.

Question 20

Food binges that alternate with vomiting are most characteristic of

Accepted Answer

Food binges alternating with vomiting are a characteristic symptom of bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa usually involves restricted food intake, while stress-related eating and binge-eating disorder may involve overeating, but without the purging behavior seen in bulimia nervosa.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders

Those most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are those who value thinness and have the body dissatisfaction.

Severely restricted eating and an intense fear of weight gain is to as binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting is to .