Question 1

The tendency to eat more food when eating with others illustrates a phenomenon called

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others, and in the case of eating, it can lead to an increase in the amount of food consumed.

Question 2

Jack is eating dinner with a group of friends.What can be expected regarding his eating behavior?

Accepted Answer

The question does not provide enough information to assume that Jack will have a preference for sweet or salty foods. It is also not indicated whether he is trying to watch his diet or whether he has a tendency to overeat, so we cannot assume that he will eat less or more than usual. Therefore, the best choice is D, as it is the only option that is not based on assumptions and can be a possible outcome for any individual at a dinner with friends.

Question 3

When Janet is offered as many servings of ice cream as she would like to eat,she is likely to eat more if she is

Accepted Answer

Offering a wide variety of ice cream flavors will likely lead to Janet eating more because she will want to try a little bit of each flavor. This is known as the "variety effect" in which people tend to consume more when there are more options available to them. The other options may have some effect on how much she eats, but offering a greater variety of flavors is the factor most likely to influence her consumption.

Question 4

Obesity can be classified as a high

Accepted Answer

Obesity is commonly classified by a person's body mass index, which is a measure of a person's weight in relation to their height. A BMI over 30 is considered obese. The other options listed are not directly related to obesity classification. Basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy a person's body burns at rest, set point relates to the body's natural tendency to maintain a certain weight, and PYY is a hormone linked to appetite regulation.

Question 5

In the United States,the rate of obesity among adults has ________ over the last 43 years,and the rate of obesity among children and teens has ________.

Accepted Answer

According to studies and data, the rate of obesity among adults in the United States has increased over the last 43 years. Similarly, the rate of obesity among children and teens has also increased, indicating a growing concern for public health. Therefore, the correct answer is C - increased; increased.

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT support the socially toxic consequences of obesity?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Obese people tend to have happier, jolly personalities" does not support the socially toxic consequences of obesity, as it presents a positive aspect of obesity rather than highlighting negative effects such as discrimination, bias, and health problems. The other options support the socially toxic consequences of obesity, such as decreased psychological well-being, depression, and bullying.

Question 7

Samantha,who is trying to lose 25 pounds,found that she is able to maintain her diet when she eats alone.However,when she eats with her friends,she eats much more,including foods she should avoid.Samantha's eating behavior demonstrates

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform better on easy tasks and worse on difficult tasks when in the presence of others. In this case, Samantha is overeating and consuming foods she should avoid when she eats with her friends, indicating that the presence of others is facilitating her behavior in a way that is detrimental to her weight loss goals.

Question 8

Between 1980 and 2015,the proportion of overweight adults increased from 29 to ________ percent among the world's men,and from 30 to ________ percent among women.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between 1980 and 2015,the proportion of overweight...

Question 9

Isaac has been physically inactive and obese for as long as he can remember.He is now determined to lose excess weight with a reduced-calorie diet.Isaac is likely to have difficulty losing weight while dieting because

Accepted Answer

People with a higher percentage of body fat have a lower resting metabolic rate, which means that it takes fewer calories for their bodies to maintain fat tissue than muscle tissue. This can make weight loss more difficult, as they need to consume even fewer calories to create a deficit. Therefore, Isaac will likely have difficulty losing weight while dieting due to his past obesity and lack of physical activity, which may have decreased his muscle mass and increased his percentage of body fat.

Question 10

Obesity is defined as

Accepted Answer

Obesity is defined by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, which is calculated using a person's height and weight. This definition takes into account variations in body composition and eliminates the need for measuring body fat percentage, making it a widely accepted and practical criteria for identifying obesity.

Question 11

A body that can store fat has the advantage of possessing

Accepted Answer

A body that can store fat has the advantage of possessing stored energy, which can be used when needed. This allows for the body to have a backup source of energy when food is not readily available.

Question 12

By dramatically reducing her daily caloric intake,Marilyn plans to reduce her normal body weight by 10 to 15 percent.Research suggests that after three or four weeks of sustained dieting,Marilyn will

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that sustained dieting can lead to a decrease in metabolic rate, as the body adjusts to the lower caloric intake. It is unlikely that Marilyn's blood glucose levels would increase as a result of reduced caloric intake, and while she may experience some temporary decrease in feelings of hunger, this is unlikely to persist after three or four weeks. There is no evidence to suggest that sustained dieting can permanently lower the body's set point for weight.

Question 13

A dieter whose weight falls below his or her set point is likely to experience a(n)

Accepted Answer

When a dieter's weight falls below his or her set point, the body perceives this as a threat and responds by increasing hunger signals and decreasing metabolic rate. This is the body's way of conserving energy in response to perceived food scarcity.

Question 14

When one research team offered schoolchildren carrots before they picked up other foods in a lunch line,the number of carrots taken quadrupled.In this way,the researchers were

Accepted Answer

Nudging nutrition refers to the idea of subtly encouraging healthier choices by changing the environment or context in which choices are made. In this case, offering carrots before other foods in the lunch line nudges children towards choosing carrots and increasing their vegetable intake. This approach does not directly affect metabolic rates or create a homeostatic system, and lowering the settling point is not relevant in this context.

Question 15

When encouraged to eat their fill of M&M'S,people ate more when given a large rather than a small serving scoop.This most clearly reflects the effect of

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes the effect of serving size on consumption. People consumed more when given a large serving scoop, indicating that the size of the serving influenced their eating behavior.

Question 16

The body weights of adopted children ________ resemble those of their adoptive parents than those of their biological parents,and they ________ resemble those of their adoptive siblings than those of their biological siblings.

Accepted Answer

The body weights of adopted children are influenced more by their genetic makeup than by the environment provided by their adoptive parents. Therefore, their body weights less closely resemble those of their adoptive parents and siblings compared to their biological parents and siblings.

Question 17

Research on obesity and weight control indicates that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that fat tissue requires fewer calories to maintain compared to lean tissue, which means that individuals with a higher percentage of body fat will naturally burn fewer calories at rest. This makes it harder for them to lose weight and keep it off, as they need to consume fewer calories or burn more through exercise to maintain their weight. Choices A, C, and D are not supported by current research. It is important to continue with a healthy diet and exercise program even after weight loss to maintain a lower weight. Willpower and self-discipline are complex factors that cannot be reduced to simple character traits, and the settling point theory has been largely dismissed by modern weight control research.

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding research on obesity and weight control?

Accepted Answer

When a person is dieting, the body may perceive this as a form of starvation, leading to a reduction in metabolic rate to conserve energy, which means the body burns fewer calories. This is a physiological adaptation to ensure survival during periods of food scarcity.

Question 19

Judy found that her party guests ate less from a very large plate of cupcakes that were cut in half rather than served whole.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

This situation demonstrates that serving size matters, as guests ate less when the cupcakes were cut in half compared to when they were served whole. Body mass index (A) refers to a measure of body fat based on height and weight, and the settling point (B) theory suggests that weight is regulated by a person's body and brain working together to maintain a certain weight range. Social facilitation (D) refers to the tendency for people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others, which does not apply to this situation.

Question 20

By highlighting the ecology of eating,psychologists focus on the fact that food consumption often depends on

Accepted Answer

The ecology of eating refers to the situational influences on food consumption, such as social cues, food availability, and cultural norms. Therefore, D, situational influences, is the best choice. A, hierarchy of needs, is a broader concept that encompasses food consumption as one of many needs that must be met. B and C, appetite hormones and hypothalamic activity, are biological factors that can influence food consumption, but they are not the focus of the ecology of eating perspective.

Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion