Question 1

Patty is 5 feet tall and weighs 87 pounds, yet when she looks in the mirror she thinks she is too fat. She does aerobics for two hours daily and eats very little. Patty appears to suffer from _____.

Accepted Answer

Patty's behavior and thoughts align with those of someone with anorexia nervosa, which is characterized by a distorted body image and a fear of gaining weight, leading to extreme calorie restriction and excessive exercise. The fact that Patty thinks she is too fat despite being underweight is a common symptom of anorexia.

Question 2

Mila told a friend that she doesn't like the way her legs look in her new volleyball uniform. She said she hates her figure, and expressed a desire to lose a lot of weight. From this discussion, you might think that Mila has a _____.

Accepted Answer

Mila's comments suggest that she has a poor body image, as she expresses dislike for her figure and a desire to lose weight.

Question 3

The more successful therapy for eating disorders during adolescence appears to be _____.

Accepted Answer

Family-based therapy has been found to be the most effective treatment for adolescents with eating disorders. It involves the family in the treatment process and focuses on restoring normal eating patterns and weight gain.

Question 4

Which of the following individuals is most likely going to take dramatic risks in order to gain peer approval?

Accepted Answer

Adolescents, around age 15, are the most likely to take risks to gain peer approval. This is due to the importance of social acceptance during this developmental stage. The other age groups may also take risks, but peer approval is not their primary motivation.

Question 5

One reason adolescents' nutritional habits may be poor is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One reason adolescents' nutritional habits may be...

Question 6

The recommended daily dose of calcium is _____ milligrams; most teens consume less than _____ milligrams per day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The recommended daily dose of calcium is...

Question 7

Many adolescents think carefully and answer correctly when responding to paper-and-pencil questions about hypothetical risk-taking situations, yet in the real world they engage in risky behavior. This is due in part to their _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many adolescents think carefully and answer correctly...

Question 8

Adolescents are more likely than adults to choose to stay up all night, go through a day without eating, exercise in pain, or text while driving because of an immature _____.

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex, responsible for decision-making and impulse control, is not fully developed until the mid-20s. This can lead adolescents to make impulsive and potentially harmful choices. The other options, such as the limbic system (emotions), amygdala (fear response), and pituitary gland (hormone control), may play a role in these behaviors but are not directly related to decision-making and impulse control.

Question 9

José enjoys sports, especially running. As an adolescent, he has the potential to become a star athlete. Which pair of influences will be MOST beneficial to him in reaching his full potential?

Accepted Answer

Changes in myelination in his brain will help improve the speed and efficiency of neural transmission, allowing for better coordination and performance in sports. An experienced coach will provide guidance and training to help José develop his skills and reach his full potential.

Question 10

Unhappiness with one's physical appearance is a _____ phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Unhappiness with one's physical appearance is a worldwide phenomenon as people across the globe are affected by body dissatisfaction and take measures to alter their appearance through cosmetic procedures, diets, and exercise routines. This issue is not limited to a specific region or country.

Question 11

In adolescent brain development, myelination and maturation occur in sequence, proceeding from the _____.

Accepted Answer

Myelination and maturation in the adolescent brain typically proceed from the inner brain to the cortex and from back to front, reflecting the development of more basic functions before higher-order functions.

Question 12

Josefina is obsessed with her weight. She sometimes eats a whole package of Oreos at once and then makes herself vomit. Josefina is of normal weight, but she constantly has heartburn. She MOST likely suffers from _____.

Accepted Answer

Josefina exhibits symptoms of bulimia nervosa, which include binge eating followed by purging behavior (in this case, self-induced vomiting), as well as an obsession with weight and body shape. her constant heartburn may be related to her purging behavior.

Question 13

Research indicates that a majority of adolescent girls in the United States are trying to _____.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that a majority of adolescent girls in the United States are trying to lose weight. This can be due to societal pressure to have a certain body type or fear of being overweight.

Question 14

At what age does the brain become fully mature?

Accepted Answer

The brain is not fully matured until the early twenties, specifically around age 25. While the brain undergoes rapid development during childhood and adolescence, it continues to mature and develop well into adulthood.

Question 15

Continued synaptic growth in the brain during adolescence can be associated with all of the following EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

Increased synaptic growth during adolescence is generally associated with enhanced cognitive abilities such as creativity, social competence, and moral development. However, increased synaptic growth is not typically associated with increased cognitive rigidity. In fact, greater synaptic growth during adolescence can often lead to increased cognitive flexibility and adaptability.

Question 16

According to research, which of the following strategies could be implemented in order to encourage adolescents to make better food choices?

Accepted Answer

Providing healthier selections in school vending machines is a tangible way to encourage better food choices among adolescents. Increasing the availability of healthy options in their immediate environment can improve their daily dietary habits. The other options, such as increasing prices of healthy foods or putting unhealthy foods in closer proximity to where students hang out, could actually discourage healthy eating behaviors. While parental monitoring of food choices can play a role in shaping adolescent food choices, it may not be as effective as providing them with readily available healthy options.

Question 17

Bulimia nervosa is clinically present in _____ percent of young women in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Bulimia nervosa is clinically present in approximately 1 to 3 percent of young women in the United States, reflecting its status as a significant but not overwhelmingly common eating disorder among this demographic.

Question 18

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with anorexia nervosa?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by voluntary starvation, distorted body image, and absence of menstruation (in females). However, individuals with anorexia nervosa often have a weight that is significantly lower than average for their height and age. Therefore, average weight is not a symptom commonly associated with anorexia nervosa.

Question 19

Xavier, 16, invites a group of his high school friends to swim in a neighbor's pool late at night while that neighbor is away. They climb the fence and jump in, playing wildly and loudly in the water. Just a few minutes later, the police arrive. How does adolescent brain development help explain Xavier's poor decision making?

Accepted Answer

Xavier's prefrontal cortex, especially the areas involved in decision-making and impulse control, is still developing during adolescence. This can lead to poor judgment and risky behavior, as seen in his decision to trespass and swim in a neighbor's pool without permission.

Question 20

During adolescence, the _____ matures before the _____ in the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During adolescence, the _____ matures before the...

Quiz 14: Seciton 3: Adolescence: Biosocial Development