Question 1

In Porter's (1996)theory,fundamental psychopathy is seen as the result of
Factors,whereas secondary psychopathy is believed to result from
Factors.

Accepted Answer

According to Porter's (1996) theory, fundamental psychopathy is primarily caused by biological factors, while secondary psychopathy is a result of psychological factors.

Question 2

Hare gives an estimate thatpercent of the Canadian population is psychopathic.

Accepted Answer

Hare estimates that about 1 percent of the Canadian population is psychopathic. This figure is often cited in discussions about the prevalence of psychopathy in the general population.

Question 3

Sarah finds it very difficult to make decisions,and feels that she desperately needs others to assume responsibilities for important aspects of her life.She accepted a job as a store clerk after asking her husband what job he felt she was best suited for.Judging from this description,which personality disorder is Sarah most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

Sarah's difficulty in making decisions and her reliance on others to assume responsibilities for her life suggests symptoms of dependent personality disorder. This disorder is characterized by a need for excessive reassurance and advice, difficulty making decisions without support, and a fear of being left alone.

Question 4

David has been described as flamboyant and overly dramatic in his emotional displays.He constantly seeks the spotlight in social situations and strongly dislikes being ignored.Judging from this description,which personality disorder is David most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

David exhibits many characteristics of histrionic personality disorder, such as seeking attention, being dramatic, and having a strong desire to be noticed. He does not demonstrate the traits commonly associated with antisocial, borderline, schizotypal, or avoidant personality disorders.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised?

Accepted Answer

The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) does not discriminate between Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) and other personality disorders. Instead, it is used to assess psychopathic traits and behavior, which may be present in individuals with a variety of personality disorders.

Question 6

Inflexibility and a desire for perfection characterizedisorder.

Accepted Answer

Inflexibility and a desire for perfection are key traits of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which involves preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and control at the expense of flexibility and openness to new experiences.

Question 7

Joe is extremely sensitive to criticism and disapproval,and as a result actively avoids intimacy with others.However,he is lonely and would like to have more friends.Judging from this description,which personality disorder is Joe most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

Joe's avoidance of intimacy and desire for social connection suggest that he may have avoidant personality disorder, which is characterized by a fear of rejection, criticism, and disapproval that leads to social withdrawal and difficulty forming close relationships.

Question 8

,developed by Linehan,has specifically targeted people with borderline personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is the therapy developed by Linehan to specifically target people with borderline personality disorder. DBT is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that emphasizes skills training in areas such as mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness.

Question 9

Borderline personality disorder has a lifetime prevalence of approximately
% of the population.

Accepted Answer

Borderline personality disorder has a lifetime prevalence of approximately 2% of the population.

Question 10

Much research concerning obsessive-compulsive personality disorder relates to the psychoanalytic notion of

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic notion of anal retentiveness relates to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, as individuals with this disorder may exhibit traits such as perfectionism, orderliness, and rigidity that are associated with the Freudian stage of anal development, during which children learn toilet training and the control of their bodily functions.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of Sperry's five basic premises regarding treatment of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Sperry's five basic premises include the belief that personality disorders have both biological and psychological factors, the importance of assessing amenability to treatment before initiating therapy, the need for flexibility in treatment approaches for these complex disorders, and the potential benefit of utilizing multiple treatment approaches for individuals who are less amenable to therapy. The basic goal of treatment, however, is not specifically listed as one of the five premises. However, Sperry does emphasize that the ultimate goal of treatment should be to restore normal personality functioning.

Question 12

The relationship between psychopathy and APD appears to beand it has been found that.

Accepted Answer

Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) have an asymmetrical relationship where most individuals diagnosed with psychopathy also meet criteria for APD, but not all individuals with APD meet criteria for psychopathy.

Question 13

Heather shows frequent fluctuations in her mood and great instability in her personal relationships.She is uncertain about who she "really is" and what she would like to do with her life.Judging from this description,which personality disorder is Heather most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

Heather's frequent fluctuations in mood, instability in personal relationships, uncertainty about her identity and life goals are all characteristic symptoms of borderline personality disorder.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The PCL-R is a commonly used instrument for measuring psychopathy, and research has consistently shown that psychopathy is a more reliable construct than antisocial personality disorder, which is also measured by the PCL-R. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 15

Many people with borderline personality disorder strongly desire intimacy with others,but once they begin to get close to their partner they become anxious and back away.This interpersonal style has been referred to as

Accepted Answer

This behavior is characteristic of the anxious ambivalent attachment style, where individuals desire closeness but fear intimacy, leading to a push-pull dynamic in relationships.

Question 16

Borderline personality disorder typically begins inand is thought to be more common in.

Accepted Answer

Borderline personality disorder typically begins in adolescence and is thought to be more common in women.

Question 17

Clara considers herself extremely talented at all that she does.She is excessively preoccupied with her own interests and demands that others treat her as special.Judging from this description,which personality disorder is Clara most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

Clara is exhibiting symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder, which is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, lack of empathy, and entitlement.

Question 18

Egocentricity is the hallmark of which of the following personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Egocentricity is the hallmark of the narcissistic personality disorder. They have an inflated sense of self-importance, lack empathy, and have a constant need for admiration and attention.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

People with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are often able to function independently, but they may struggle with relationships and have difficulty delegating tasks due to their need for control. The other characteristics listed are commonly associated with this disorder.

Question 20

Research has found that the relatives of men with dependent personality disorder are more likely to experience,whereas the relatives of female dependents are more likely to have.

Accepted Answer

Depression is more common in the relatives of female dependents, while panic disorder is more common in the relatives of male dependents.

Quiz 12: The Personality Disorders

In Porter's (1996) theory,fundamental psychopathy is seen as the result of Factors,whereas secondary psychopathy is believed to result from Factors.