Question 1

Which of the following describes the interaction patterns of older adults and their adult children:

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that mothers and daughters are likely to experience greater intimacy in comparison to fathers and sons.

Question 2

In families in a collectivist culture, when an aging parents requires more extensive care,

Accepted Answer

In collectivist cultures, it is anticipated that older persons will live with their middle-aged children and family members share the responsibility of taking care of aging parents. Placing parents in assisted living or taking over their financial resources without their consent would be considered disrespectful and inappropriate.

Question 3

African Americans are _____________ as likely as European American grandparents to be providing custodial care for their grandchildren.

Accepted Answer

According to research, African American grandparents are three times more likely than European American grandparents to be providing custodial care for their grandchildren. This can be influenced by factors such as cultural values, economic circumstances, and healthcare disparities.

Question 4

Maria's three adult daughters have agreed that she is in need of more constant care. Evita, the youngest daughter lives 10 minutes from Maria, is not working, and her two other daughters live and work in other states. It has been decided that Evita will provide care for her aging mother. This scenario is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The scenario is an example of child characteristics that influence decisions regarding parental care. Specifically, the fact that Evita lives close to her mother and is not working likely played a significant role in the decision for her to provide care. The other daughters' work and living arrangements also influenced the decision. The scenario does not involve spousal care or specific challenges associated with providing care for elderly parents.

Question 5

The tendency toward more positive parent-child relationships as a function of age has been explained as follows:

Accepted Answer

All three explanations are valid reasons for the tendency toward more positive parent-child relationships as a function of age. As children mature, they may come to share more values and attitudes with their parents. Additionally, developing filial maturity may lead adult children to identify more strongly with their parents. Finally, both parents and adult children may develop greater tolerance for differences between them over time.

Question 6

When considering the gender of both older parents and their middle-aged children, there are less affectionate ties between _____________ than any other combination.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the relationship between fathers and sons tends to be less affectionate compared to other parent-child gender combinations. This can be attributed to traditional gender roles and expectations that emphasize emotional restraint among males.

Question 7

The rapid growth of grandparent-maintained households in the United States is due in large part to:

Accepted Answer

All three factors - child abuse and neglect, high rates of teen pregnancy, and increased incarceration of women of childbearing ages - have contributed to the rise of grandparent-maintained households in the United States. These factors have led to situations where grandparents have had to step in and take care of their grandchildren, either because the parents are unable to do so or because the grandparents want to provide a more stable and secure environment for the children.

Question 8

Within the United States, which of the following middle-aged parents are least likely to have their parents living with them?

Accepted Answer

According to research, European Americans are the least likely to have intergenerational living arrangements where their parents live with them compared to African American, Latino American, and Asian American families. This may be due to cultural values and norms that prioritize individualism and independence over collectivism and interdependence.

Question 9

The characteristics of the adult child that influences decisions regarding parental care include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Employment typically decreases the likelihood of an adult child providing care, as work commitments can limit the time and resources available for caregiving.

Question 10

A key factor in determining if an aging parent lives with his or her children is the:

Accepted Answer

Traditional or collectivist cultures, such as those found in many Asian and African societies, place a strong emphasis on filial piety and the expectation to care for aging parents. In these cultures, it is common for multiple generations to live together and support one another. In individualistic cultures, such as those found in many Western societies, the emphasis is on individual independence and self-reliance, which may lead to aging parents living separately or receiving care from outside sources. Therefore, cultural beliefs play a significant role in determining if an aging parent lives with his or her children.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of parents that influence whether or not they will be cared for by their children?

Accepted Answer

Personality is not typically considered a characteristic that influences whether children will care for their parents, whereas marital status, number of children, and level of education can have more direct impacts on caregiving decisions.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of the ways in which adult caregivers of their aging parents find meaning in their caregiver roles?

Accepted Answer

Greater independence is not commonly cited as a way in which adult caregivers find meaning in their roles. Rather, caregivers often experience a sense of family responsibility and reciprocity, a commitment to fulfilling their responsibilities, and increased closeness to their aging parents.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of the functions of grandparents?

Accepted Answer

It is not true that grandparents make little contribution to the lives of their grandchildren. In fact, research has shown that grandparents can be an important source of emotional, financial, and practical support for their grandchildren.

Question 14

The term "Filial Maturity" refers to:

Accepted Answer

Filial maturity refers to the development of an adult child's ability to be depended on by parents. This concept is common in many cultures, particularly in Asian cultures where filial piety is highly valued. It is not specific to any one particular culture's term for family.

Question 15

The quality of the relationships of older parents and their children are reflected in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The quality of relationships between older parents and their children is not solely determined by the parents' ability to provide financial assistance. Quality relationships are more accurately reflected by factors such as proximity, frequency of interaction, and mutual aid, which emphasize emotional and practical support rather than financial capabilities.

Question 16

An important gender role that contributes to family relationship quality across generations is:

Accepted Answer

The family kinkeeper, who is typically a middle-aged woman, plays an important role in maintaining family relationships across generations. This role includes keeping in touch with family members, organizing family events and reunions, and passing down family traditions and values. Studies have shown that families with a kinkeeper have higher levels of family cohesiveness, communication, and satisfaction, and this role is often passed down from generation to generation.

Question 17

Latin Americans are _____________ as likely as European American grandparents to be providing custodial care for their grandchildren.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Latin Americans are _____________ as likely as...

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding the influence of the geographical distance between older parents and their adult children:

Accepted Answer

As older parents grow older, they may become more reliant on their adult children for support, which can lessen the influence of geographical distance on their relationship. Additionally, advances in technology and transportation make it easier for older parents and adult children to stay in touch, even when living far apart.

Question 19

Which of the following does NOT describe kinkeepers of an extended family?

Accepted Answer

Kinkeepers are typically middle-aged or older women who take responsibility for gathering the family together for celebrations and keeping family members in touch with each other. They provide social anchorage for family members, but they are not typically older men.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of mutual aid in the relationship between middle-aged children and their older parents?

Accepted Answer

While older parents may receive financial support from their adult children, they are not necessarily dependent on them. Mutual aid in this relationship can take on many forms, including emotional and practical support, and is a reciprocal exchange. However, older parents are not usually donors who provide substantial aid to their middle-aged adult children.

Quiz 10: Middle Age and Older Parenting and Grandparenting