Question 1

Freud suggested that the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct pleasure-sensitive areas of the body known as

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the id's pleasure-seeking energies were focused on certain areas of the body known as erogenous zones. These zones are believed to shift in importance during the psychosexual stages of development.

Question 2

Freud emphasized that the id operates on the ________ principle.

Accepted Answer

Freud proposed that the id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of its needs and desires without consideration for the consequences or reality.

Question 3

Freud suggested that a boy's identification with his father during the phallic stage illustrates

Accepted Answer

Freud suggested that during the phallic stage, a boy identifies with his father as a way to resolve the Oedipus complex, which is essentially a process of conflict resolution. This involves the boy's unconscious desire for his mother and jealousy towards his father, which is resolved through identifying with the father and adopting his characteristics and values.

Question 4

According to Freud,boys are most likely to experience the Oedipus complex during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the Oedipus complex occurs during the phallic stage (ages 3-6 years) in boys. During this stage, boys develop unconscious sexual desires towards their mother and feel threatened by their father as a rival for their mother's affection. This conflict is eventually resolved through the boy identifying with his father and adopting his gender roles and values.

Question 5

A psychotherapist instructs Dane to relax,close his eyes,and state aloud whatever thoughts come to mind no matter how trivial or absurd.The therapist is using a technique known as

Accepted Answer

The technique described is known as free association, which is a common method used in psychotherapy to access the unconscious mind by allowing a patient to verbalize their thoughts freely without filtering or censoring.

Question 6

According to Freud,the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment is the

Accepted Answer

The superego is the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment. It is our internalized moral compass, influencing our behavior and thoughts towards what society deems as appropriate or moral.

Question 7

Two-year-old Damien frequently refuses to obey his parents because he derives immense pleasure from demonstrating his independence from their control.Freud would have suggested that Damien is going through the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

Freud would have suggested that Damien is going through the anal stage of development, which typically occurs around ages 1-3 years. During this stage, children experience pleasure from controlling their bowel and bladder movements, and this control can manifest as either obedience or defiance, reflecting a struggle for autonomy.

Question 8

When 16-year-old Hafez received a large inheritance from his grandfather,he was tempted to purchase an expensive new car.He decided,instead,to deposit all the money into a savings account for his college education.Hafez shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

Hafez's decision to prioritize his future education over an immediate desire for an expensive car demonstrates a strong sense of rationality and decision-making skills, which are characteristic of a strong ego.

Question 9

When 2-year-old Matthew was told he would get no dessert until he finished the food on his plate,he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum.Freud would have suggested that Matthew was unable to resist the demands of his

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of basic needs, such as hunger. Therefore, Matthew's tantrum can be interpreted as a manifestation of his id impulses being frustrated by the demand to finish his food before getting dessert. The superego is the moral component of personality that internalizes societal norms and values, while the ego mediates between the demands of the id and the constraints of reality. The Oedipus complex refers to a developmental stage in which children experience unconscious sexual desires towards their opposite-sex parent and view their same-sex parent as a rival. None of these concepts are directly applicable to Matthew's behavior in this scenario.

Question 10

According to Freud,the component of personality that seeks to reconcile the demands of the id,superego,and reality is the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the component of personality that seeks to reconcile the demands of the id, superego, and reality is the ego. The id represents our primitive desires and impulses, the superego represents our internalized ideas of right and wrong, and the ego is the mediator between the two, trying to find a balance that satisfies both while also being realistic and practical.

Question 11

No matter how long and hard Lerae studies,she always feels she hasn't studied as much as she should have.A Freudian psychologist would suggest that Lerae shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

Lerae's feeling of never having studied enough even when she has put in a lot of effort suggests that she may have a strong superego. The superego is the part of the psyche that represents one's internalized moral standards and ideals. If someone has an overly strong superego, they may set extremely high standards for themselves that are difficult or impossible to meet, leading to feelings of guilt or inadequacy.

Question 12

Ego is to id as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Ego and id are two parts of Sigmund Freud's structural model of the human psyche. The ego represents the rational part of the mind that operates on the reality principle, while the id represents the instinctual, unconscious part that operates on the pleasure principle. Similarly, the blank in the analogy represents the rational, conscious part of the mind, which operates on the reality principle, and the term for this is the reality principle. Therefore, C is the best answer.

Question 13

One night after he heard his parents arguing,4-year-old Wei had a vivid dream in which he saved his mother from being bitten by a large snake.A psychoanalyst would most likely suspect that Wei's dream reflects a(n)

Accepted Answer

The dream of saving his mother from danger suggests that Wei may have unconscious feelings of love and desire for his mother, which is a key component of the Oedipus complex. The argument he overheard between his parents may have triggered this dream as well.

Question 14

Bruce wants to be a loving husband but at the same time wants to express his disgust for some of his wife's habits.According to Freud,Bruce's ________ might enable him to partially satisfy both desires.

Accepted Answer

The ego is the component of personality that balances conflicting desires and seeks to fulfill them in a socially appropriate manner. In this case, Bruce's ego might help him find a way to express his disgust in a loving and respectful way, satisfying both his desire to be loving and his desire to express his displeasure.

Question 15

Some psychoanalysts in Freud's era believed that girls experienced unconscious sexual desires for their father during the phallic stage.These feelings,they thought,reflected

Accepted Answer

The belief that girls experience unconscious sexual desires for their father during the phallic stage is known as the Electra complex, named after the Greek mythological character Electra who had an unconscious desire for her father. This idea was proposed by some psychoanalysts in Freud's era as a counterpart to the Oedipus complex experienced by boys. It suggests that girls experience a conflict between their attachment to their mother and their desire for their father's affection.

Question 16

Forgotten memories that we can easily recall were said by Freud to be

Accepted Answer

Freud described preconscious memories as those that are not currently in conscious awareness but can be easily recalled into consciousness when necessary.

Question 17

Freud referred to the largely conscious "executive" part of the personality as the

Accepted Answer

Freud referred to the largely conscious "executive" part of the personality as the ego.

Question 18

The Oedipus complex is the term used by Freud to describe

Accepted Answer

The Oedipus complex refers to boys' unconscious sexual desire for their mother and feelings of guilt and fear of punishment for these desires. Freud believed that boys eventually resolve this complex by identifying with their fathers and adopting their gender roles and values.

Question 19

According to psychoanalytic theory,the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

Accepted Answer

According to psychoanalytic theory, the id is the part of the personality that is present at birth and strives for immediate gratification of basic drives, such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desires. It operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking pleasure and avoiding pain.

Question 20

Janine is repulsed by the thought of watching a pornographic video.Freud would have attributed these feelings to Janine's

Accepted Answer

The superego represents the moral and societal values that a person has internalized. Janine's repulsion towards watching pornography is likely influenced by her superego, which views such material as morally unacceptable.

Quiz 15: Personality