Question 1

Mental health workers are most likely to consider socially unusual behavior as disordered if it is

Accepted Answer

Mental health workers are most likely to consider socially unusual behavior as disordered if it is personally distressful. This is because distress is one of the key criteria that mental health professionals use to diagnose mental health disorders. If the behavior is causing distress or impairment in a person's life, it is more likely to be considered a disorder that requires treatment.

Question 2

In the DSM-5,a condition formerly known as mental retardation is now labeled

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 replaced the term "mental retardation" with "intellectual disability" to reflect a more respectful and accurate way of describing individuals with cognitive impairments. The other options are unrelated to this condition.

Question 3

A biopsychosocial approach to substance abuse would be most likely to emphasize

Accepted Answer

A biopsychosocial approach to substance abuse recognizes that multiple factors (biological, psychological, and sociocultural) interact to influence the development and maintenance of substance abuse disorders. It emphasizes that substance abuse cannot be reduced to a single cause and that both nature (biological/genetic) and nurture (environmental) factors play a role. This approach recognizes the importance of understanding the whole person in the context of their environment, rather than solely focusing on conscious or unconscious motivation for substance abuse or treating substance abuse as simply a lifestyle choice.

Question 4

A psychotherapist is most likely to use the DSM-5 in order to ________ various psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) is primarily used by mental health professionals to identify and classify various psychological disorders based on their symptoms and diagnostic criteria. It does not provide cures or prevention methods, but rather helps clinicians understand and diagnose different mental health conditions.

Question 5

Successive editions of the ________ have provided guidelines for diagnosing psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) is a publication that provides guidelines for mental health professionals to diagnose psychological disorders. It has undergone several revisions since its initial publication in 1952.

Question 6

Ongoing patterns of behavior that interfere with normal day-to-day life are best characterized as

Accepted Answer

Ongoing patterns of behavior that interfere with normal day-to-day life are best characterized as dysfunctional, as they disrupt normal functioning and can cause distress or impairment in multiple areas of life. Deviant behavior refers to actions that fall outside of social norms, while antisocial behavior is more specifically related to disregard for the rights of others. Epigenetic refers to changes in gene expression, which is not necessarily related to behavior.

Question 7

Personally distressing thoughts,feelings,and behaviors are considered to be symptoms of a psychological disorder if they are

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of a psychological disorder are considered dysfunctional when they interfere with a person's ability to function effectively in their daily life. Unusual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors alone are not sufficient to diagnose a disorder; they must also be causing some negative impact on the person's life. Biologically influenced and unusually motivated symptoms may be present in some disorders, but are not necessarily required for a diagnosis.

Question 8

An intense fear of heights is not considered to be a psychological disorder unless it

Accepted Answer

A fear of heights may be considered a phobia, but it is not necessarily a psychological disorder unless it interferes with a person's ability to function effectively in their daily life. A fear of heights that has no impact on a person's ability to function would not be considered a disorder.

Question 9

The conception of psychological disorders as biologically based sicknesses is known as

Accepted Answer

The medical model views psychological disorders as similar to physical illnesses and emphasizes the biological factors that contribute to mental illness. This perspective suggests that psychological disorders can be diagnosed and treated with the same methods used for physical illnesses, such as medication and therapy.

Question 10

Today's psychologists assume that disordered behavior is influenced by

Accepted Answer

Today's psychologists recognize that disordered behavior is influenced by a combination of social circumstances, inner psychological dynamics, genetic predispositions, and physiological states. These factors interact with each other in complex ways to produce and maintain different types of psychological disorders. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of abnormal behavior requires a biopsychosocial perspective that addresses each of these factors.

Question 11

Some of the new diagnoses in the DSM-5 concern many physicians and mental health workers because

Accepted Answer

Many physicians and mental health workers are concerned that the new diagnoses in the DSM-5 will extend the pathologizing of everyday life and lead to overdiagnosis and overtreatment.

Question 12

Mira claims that alcohol use disorder is a disease that,like pneumonia,can be cured or prevented with proper treatment.Her belief is most clearly consistent with

Accepted Answer

Mira's belief is consistent with the medical model, which views alcohol use disorder as a disease that can be cured or prevented with proper treatment. This approach emphasizes the biological and physiological aspects of the disorder and often involves medical interventions such as medications and detoxification.

Question 13

Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)was the first to promote _______ for psychological disorders,instead of the brutal treatments used during his time.

Accepted Answer

Philippe Pinel is known as the father of moral treatment, which involved treating people with kindness, respect, and dignity. This was in contrast to the brutal treatments, such as confinement and physical punishments, that were commonly used during his time. Options B, C, and D are not related to Pinel's contributions to psychology.

Question 14

Mental health workers would be likely to identify alcohol misuse as a psychological disorder because it is

Accepted Answer

Alcohol misuse would be identified as a psychological disorder because it is personally dysfunctional, meaning it negatively affects an individual's ability to function in their daily life and impacts their mental and emotional well-being.

Question 15

Many clinicians diagnose disorders by using the detailed "diagnostic criteria and codes" in the

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) is a comprehensive guide used by clinicians to diagnose mental disorders. It includes detailed diagnostic criteria and codes for each disorder. OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), and ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) are three of the many disorders listed in the DSM-5. However, the best option is B because the DSM-5 is specifically mentioned as the tool used for diagnosis.

Question 16

Dr.Garcia emphasizes that psychological disorders result from the interactive influences of individual genes,mood-related perceptions,and cultural definitions of normality and disorder.The doctor's emphasis best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Dr.Garcia's emphasis on the interactive influences of individual genes, mood-related perceptions, and cultural definitions of normality and disorder suggests a biopsychosocial approach to understanding psychological disorders. This approach emphasizes the importance of biological, psychological, and social factors in the development and maintenance of mental health conditions.

Question 17

To facilitate diagnostic reliability,the DSM-5 typically bases diagnoses on

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 uses detailed diagnostic criteria and codes to facilitate diagnostic reliability. While biopsychosocial factors may be considered in making a diagnosis, there is no mention of chemical analyses of blood and urine samples. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 18

Marshall has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.Because this disorder is included as a diagnosis in the DSM-5,

Accepted Answer

Because autism spectrum disorder is included as a diagnosis in the DSM-5, the therapist will be able to suggest appropriate treatment based on researched and proven methods that are specific to the disorder.

Question 19

In discovering that certain psychological disorders occur only in particular cultures,we are providing evidence for

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial approach recognizes that psychological disorders are not simply caused by biological factors, but also influenced by social and cultural factors. Therefore, discovering that certain disorders are specific to particular cultures supports the idea of a biopsychosocial approach to understanding mental illness. Epigenetics refers to the study of how the environment can impact gene expression, while the medical model and DSM-5 focus more on diagnosis and treatment of mental illness.

Question 20

To call psychological disorders "sicknesses" is especially likely to encourage research supporting the

Accepted Answer

The terminology "sickness" is used in the medical model, which is widely accepted in the field of psychiatry. Therefore, calling psychological disorders "sicknesses" would encourage research that supports the medical model.

Quiz 16: Psychological Disorders