Question 1

During the manic phase of bipolar disorder,individuals are most likely to

Accepted Answer

During the manic phase, individuals typically display an increase in activity levels, including restlessness, impulsivity, and excessive talking and spending. The other options do not accurately describe the symptoms of the manic phase.

Question 2

For the last month,Gabrielle has felt lethargic and has been unable to get out of bed in the morning.She has withdrawn from friends and family because she feels worthless and unlovable.Gabrielle is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

Gabrielle's symptom of feeling worthless and unlovable, along with lethargy and withdrawal from social interactions, are characteristic of major depressive disorder. The other options do not fit with the described symptoms.

Question 3

Fifteen-year-old Deshawn alternates between being depressed and out of control emotionally and behaviorally.During his hyperactive periods,he has vandalized property.According to the DSM-5,Jason is likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Deshawn's symptoms of alternating between depression and out-of-control emotional and behavioral states, including hyperactivity and vandalism, align with the criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) as outlined in the DSM-5. DMDD is characterized by severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation, combined with persistent irritability or anger between outbursts, in individuals younger than 18 years old.

Question 4

Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n)

Accepted Answer

One of the cognitive changes that accompany depression is an increased expectation of negative outcomes. Individuals with depression tend to have a negative view of themselves, the world, and the future.  Choices A, C, and D are not consistent with typical cognitive changes associated with depression.

Question 5

The DSM-5's new category of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder will likely

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5's new category of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is intended to reduce the number of child and adolescent bipolar diagnoses by providing an alternative diagnosis for children who have chronic irritability and temper outbursts but do not meet the criteria for bipolar disorder.

Question 6

Between 1994 and 2003,there was a 40-fold increase in the number of people 19 and under diagnosed each year with

Accepted Answer

The only disorder with a significant increase in diagnosis rate among those 19 and under during this period is bipolar disorder, as evidenced by the term "40-fold increase" in the question.

Question 7

George Frideric Handel composed his Messiah during three weeks of intense,creative energy.Many believe Handel suffered a mild form of

Accepted Answer

Handel's intense episodes of creative energy followed by periods of exhaustion and depression suggest that he possibly had bipolar disorder.

Question 8

At different seasons of the year,one survey asked North Americans "Have you cried today?" The percentage who said "yes" was highest in

Accepted Answer

December is often associated with increased stress, sadness, and holiday-related emotions, which may lead to a higher likelihood of crying. Additionally, the winter solstice, which falls in December, can affect people's moods due to the shorter days and lack of sunlight.

Question 9

The number-one reason people seek mental health services is

Accepted Answer

According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, depression is the number-one reason people seek mental health services. It affects millions of people of all ages and can severely impact daily life.

Question 10

Distress most of the time over a two-week period because of fatigue or loss of energy is most likely associated with

Accepted Answer

Fatigue or loss of energy lasting most of the time for two weeks is one of the main symptoms of major depressive disorder. Mania is characterized by increased energy and persistent depressive disorder (formerly known as dysthymia) is characterized by a chronic, less severe form of depression. Dipolar disorder is not a recognized diagnosis.

Question 11

Angie is suffering from major depressive disorder.Compared with people who are not depressed,Angie may experience which one of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Repetitive thinking of death or suicide is a common symptom of major depressive disorder. Options A and B are not consistent with symptoms of major depression, and option C is more indicative of an anxiety disorder.

Question 12

A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by

Accepted Answer

Feelings of personal worthlessness are one of the key features of major depressive disorder, along with other symptoms such as loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, and difficulty concentrating. A seasonal pattern of symptoms may be indicative of seasonal affective disorder, while alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism may suggest bipolar disorder. A persistent irrational fear of other people is a symptom of social anxiety disorder.

Question 13

A seasonal pattern of symptoms is most likely to be a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which is a type of depression that typically occurs during the winter months when there is less sunlight, is a characteristic of bipolar disorder. Learned helplessness, a negative explanatory style, and rumination do not necessarily involve a seasonal pattern of symptoms.

Question 14

Carla has worked as a human resources specialist for several years,but she doesn't really like the job.She almost always feels slightly down and sad,which is characteristic of the psychological disorder called

Accepted Answer

Persistent depressive disorder (PDD), previously known as dysthymia, is characterized by a chronic state of depression that lasts for years. Individuals with PDD might not experience the intense symptoms of major depressive disorder but often feel slightly down or sad most of the time, which matches Carla's description.

Question 15

In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating states of depression and mania/hypomania. Depression includes symptoms such as lethargy, hopelessness, and sadness. Mania/hypomania includes symptoms such as overexcitement, increased energy, and impulsive behavior. The other disorders listed do not include episodes of mania/hypomania.

Question 16

Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by

Accepted Answer

Persistent depressive disorder is a mood disorder that involves a consistently depressed mood that lasts for at least two years or more. While suicidal thoughts are possible in this disorder, they are not a defining feature. Emotional volatility and seasonal patterns of depression symptoms are more characteristic of other mood disorders.

Question 17

Gender differences in depression are least noticeable among

Accepted Answer

Gender differences in depression are least noticeable among preadolescent children, with the gap widening in adolescence and adulthood due to various biological, psychological, and social factors.

Question 18

Elmer,the owner of an auto service station,suddenly began smashing the front fenders and hoods of two customers' cars.When asked why,he excitedly explained that he was transforming the cars into "real racing machines." When an employee tried to restrain him,he shouted that everybody was fired and quickly began breaking the car windows.Elmer is exhibiting symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Elmer's behavior is characterized by impulsivity, excitement, and reckless disregard for the consequences of his actions, which are all symptoms of mania.

Question 19

A disorder in which an individual is overexcited,hyperactive,and wildly optimistic is known as

Accepted Answer

The disorder described in the question is mania, which is characterized by symptoms such as elevated mood, excessive energy, and grandiose thinking.

Question 20

Severe,debilitating depression is to ________ as chronic,low-grade depression is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Severe, debilitating depression is often diagnosed as major depressive disorder, whereas chronic, low-grade depression is frequently diagnosed as persistent depressive disorder. These are two separate diagnoses within the depressive disorder category of the DSM-5. The other answer choices are not correct because mania and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder are not types of depression on their own, and bipolar disorder includes mood episodes beyond depression.

Quiz 16: Psychological Disorders