Question 1

Dr.Dawson is conducting a study with military veterans from the Vietnam and Gulf Wars.He plans to evaluate them every year for 10 years to see if those with PTSD have a more pronounced decline in mental abilities and overall memory.This is a(n)________ study.

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study involves observing and evaluating participants over an extended period, which in this case is 10 years. The study will measure changes in mental abilities and memory among military veterans with PTSD over this period. The other answer choices are not applicable because an experimental study involves manipulating variables to measure cause and effect, a cross-sectional study involves comparing different groups at one point in time, and chronological is not a relevant term.

Question 2

According to Robert Sternberg's ________ theory,there are ________ intelligences.

Accepted Answer

Robert Sternberg's theory is the triarchic theory of intelligence, which consists of three types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and practical. Therefore, the best choice is D: triarchic theory with three intelligences.

Question 3

Spearman's g factor refers to

Accepted Answer

Spearman's g factor refers to a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks. It is the idea that there is a common factor that contributes to performance on all intellectual tasks, and it is often used to explain why people who do well on one type of intelligence test tend to do well on others.

Question 4

One criticism of gifted education programs is that by labeling children as "ungifted" we may be

Accepted Answer

Labeling children as "ungifted" can create a self-fulfilling prophecy in which students internalize the belief that they are not capable of excelling academically, leading to a decrease in motivation and effort, and ultimately limiting their potential for success. Gifted education programs should instead focus on identifying and nurturing students' strengths and talents, regardless of whether or not they meet traditional definitions of giftedness.

Question 5

When retested on the WAIS,people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely.This indicates that the test has a high degree of

Accepted Answer

The fact that retests on the WAIS generally match first scores closely suggests that the test has a high degree of reliability, meaning it consistently measures what it is intended to measure.

Question 6

Managers who want to foster creativity in the workplace should try to increase the ________ of their employees.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Managers who want to foster creativity in...

Question 7

Howard Gardner proposes that humans have multiple intelligences that are relatively independent of each other.Which of the following is one of the intelligences?

Accepted Answer

Intrapersonal intelligence is one of the multiple intelligences proposed by Howard Gardner. It refers to a person's ability to understand and be self-aware of their own emotions, thoughts, and feelings. The other answer choices are not part of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.

Question 8

A test designed to assess whether newly graduated medical students should be granted the legal right to practice medicine would most likely be considered a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A test designed to assess whether newly...

Question 9

Comparing the academic performance of those whose scores are extremely low on intelligence tests with those whose scores are extremely high is an effective way to highlight the tests'

Accepted Answer

Comparing the academic performance of those whose scores are extremely low on intelligence tests with those whose scores are extremely high is an effective way to highlight the validity of the tests. This is because the comparison highlights the extent to which the scores predict real-world outcomes, such as academic achievement. Standardization and reliability are important components of test construction, but they do not specifically address the issue of validity. Test-retest reliability refers to the consistency of scores over time, which is not directly addressed in this scenario.

Question 10

When Phoebe strongly disagrees with her sister's opinion,she effectively controls her own anger and responds with empathy to her sister's frustration regarding their dispute.Her behavior best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Phoebe's ability to control her anger and respond empathetically to her sister's frustration demonstrates emotional intelligence, which involves the ability to recognize and regulate one's own emotions and the emotions of others. Factor analysis involves identifying underlying factors that contribute to observed patterns in data. Analytic intelligence involves the ability to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems using logical reasoning. Practical intelligence involves the ability to adapt to one's environment and successfully navigate real-life situations. None of these other options are as directly relevant to the scenario described.

Question 11

If course exams assess a student's mastery of a representative sample of course material,they are said to

Accepted Answer

Content validity refers to the extent to which an assessment measures what it is intended to measure. If course exams assess a representative sample of course material, then they have content validity. Reliable assessments are consistent and yield similar results upon repeated administration. Standardized assessments have uniform administration procedures and scoring. Predictive validity refers to the extent to which an assessment can accurately predict future outcomes. While course exams may have some predictive validity, this is not the best choice because it is not the primary purpose of these assessments.

Question 12

Before publishing her test of musical aptitude,Professor Reed first administered the test to a representative sample of people.This was most clearly necessary for test

Accepted Answer

The process of administering a test to a representative sample in order to establish norms and a consistent scoring system is called standardization. This is necessary to ensure that the test is fair and accurate for all individuals who take it, regardless of their background or location. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. The other options (reliability, predictive validity, and validity) are also important considerations in test development, but they do not specifically require a representative sample for the test to be valid and useful.

Question 13

The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins raised together is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal...

Question 14

Increasing years of schooling over the last half-century have most likely contributed to

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect is the observed increase in average intelligence test scores over time, and one of the main explanations for this is that increasing years of schooling and improved education have contributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, option B is the best choice. Option A (stereotype threat) refers to the phenomenon where individuals perform worse on a task due to the belief that they are at a disadvantage compared to others, but this is not related to years of schooling. Option C (family-environment effect) refers to the impact of family background and environment on cognitive development and academic achievement, which can be related to years of schooling but is not a direct consequence of it. Option D (eugenics) refers to the belief in improving the genetic quality of a population through selective breeding or sterilization, which is not related to years of schooling.

Question 15

The National Institute of Mental Health is conducting a study of the memory and response time of 50- to 75-year-olds on timed tasks.They are bringing in all age groups at once to compare the differences.This is a(n)________ study.

Accepted Answer

The study is comparing different age groups at one point in time, so it is a cross-sectional study.

Question 16

Comparing the intelligence test scores among people from distinctly different age cohorts requires

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional studies compare individuals from different age cohorts at the same point in time to determine differences in intelligence test scores. This is the best option for comparing intelligence test scores among people from distinctly different age cohorts.

Question 17

The widely used American revision of Alfred Binet's original intelligence test was developed by

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman is credited with developing the widely used American revision of Alfred Binet's original intelligence test, known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. James Flynn is known for discovering the Flynn effect, which describes the observed increase in average IQ scores over time. Francis Galton was a pioneer in the field of psychometrics, but did not develop the intelligence test in question. David Wechsler developed his own widely used intelligence tests, but did not create the Stanford-Binet.

Question 18

Intelligence test scores are LEAST similar for

Accepted Answer

Nontwin siblings raised together have the least similar intelligence test scores compared to the other options because they share, on average, only about 50% of their genes, and their environments, while similar, are not as identical as those of twins (whether fraternal or identical) raised together. Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, share 100% of their genes, which greatly influences the similarity in their intelligence test scores. Fraternal twins share about 50% of their genes like nontwin siblings but being raised in the same environment at the same time (e.g., experiencing the same parenting style, educational opportunities, and family resources simultaneously) typically makes their intelligence scores more similar than those of nontwin siblings.

Question 19

Dr.Hernandez has decided that his fiftieth birthday would be the perfect time to begin writing an introductory psychology textbook.This would be a good time for Dr.Herandez to do this,as he has accumulated years of knowledge about psychology.It would be a demonstration of his

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to knowledge and skills that are accumulated over time through experience and education. Dr. Hernandez's decision to write an introductory psychology textbook at the age of fifty demonstrates his crystallized intelligence, as he has accumulated years of knowledge about psychology.

Question 20

A person's ability to reason speedily and abstractly (for example,in solving novel logic problems)decreases slowly up to about age 75,then more rapidly,especially after age 85.This type of ability is also known as

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to a person's ability to think abstractly, reason quickly, and solve problems that have not been encountered before. This type of intelligence is more likely to decrease with age, especially after age 75.

Quiz 11: Intelligence

Dr.Dawson is conducting a study with military veterans from the Vietnam and Gulf Wars.He plans to evaluate them every year for 10 years to see if those with PTSD have a more pronounced decline in mental abilities and overall memory.This is a(n) ________ study.

According to Robert Sternberg's theory,there are intelligences.