Question 1

Recycled iron from macrophages is delivered to the bone marrow bound to:

Accepted Answer

Recycled iron from macrophages is delivered to the bone marrow bound to transferrin, which is the main protein in the blood that binds to iron and transports it throughout the body.

Question 2

Which of the following types of white blood cells contain preformed granules of vasoactive amines?

Accepted Answer

Basophils are the only white blood cells that contain preformed granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine and heparin. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes do not contain these granules.

Question 3

All of the following properties allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers except:

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes are unique cells that lack mitochondria, which allows for more space for hemoglobin in the cytoplasm, which functions to bind oxygen and carbon dioxide for transport throughout the body. Therefore, the presence of many mitochondria would not allow erythrocytes to function as efficient gas carriers. The other three properties listed, biconcavity, reversible deformability, and presence of hemoglobin in cytoplasm, all contribute to erythrocytes' ability to transport gases.

Question 4

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils are the first responders and predominant phagocytes during early inflammation, attracted by chemotactic factors released by injured or infected tissues. They are highly effective in engulfing and destroying microorganisms and foreign particles.

Question 5

The main site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The main site of hematopoiesis in the...

Question 6

Plasma proteins synthesized by lymphocytes in the lymph nodes are:

Accepted Answer

Globulins are a type of plasma protein synthesized by lymphocytes in the lymph nodes. The other options (albumins, clotting factors, and complement proteins) may also be synthesized by other cells in the body, but not specifically by lymphocytes in the lymph nodes.

Question 7

Which of the following participate in hematopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are substances produced by various tissues, including bone marrow, and stimulate the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into various types of blood cells. Eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils are already differentiated blood cells and do not participate in hematopoiesis.

Question 8

A blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory. Assuming a normal sample, which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cells in a normal blood sample, typically accounting for 50-70% of the total white blood cell count.

Question 9

Hemoglobin contains heme groups that allow it to carry oxygen. How many oxygen molecules can one molecule of hemoglobin carry?

Accepted Answer

One molecule of hemoglobin can carry up to four molecules of oxygen, as each heme group can bind to an oxygen molecule.

Question 10

A 45-year-old female undergoes splenectomy to remove a tumor. Which of the following is most likely to occur following surgery?

Accepted Answer

Splenectomy often results in leukocytosis, which is an increase in the number of white blood cells, as the spleen plays a role in filtering and removing old or damaged blood cells.

Question 11

In addition to playing a role in hemostasis, platelets have the ability to:

Accepted Answer

Platelets can release biochemical mediators such as cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines that play a role in inflammation and wound healing.

Question 12

The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

Accepted Answer

The greatest proportion of total body iron is contained within erythrocytes (red blood cells).

Question 13

_____ is an unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen.

Accepted Answer

Methemoglobin is an unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen. Deoxyhemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that has released its bound oxygen, while oxyhemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that has bound with oxygen. Glycosylated hemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it and is used as a measure of long-term blood sugar control in diabetes.

Question 14

Erythropoietin is produced in the:

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin is primarily produced in the kidneys, but a small amount is also produced in the liver. However, the kidney is the primary site of erythropoietin production in response to hypoxia.

Question 15

During an infection, lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:

Accepted Answer

The answer of During an infection, lymph nodes enlarge and...

Question 16

A cell that can differentiate into any tissue type is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A cell that can differentiate into any tissue type is referred to as pluripotent. Hematopoietic cells can differentiate into blood cells, but not all tissue types. Blastocysts are early-stage embryos, which can contain pluripotent cells among other cell types. Blastomeres are early embryonic cells that can differentiate into different cell types, but not necessarily all tissue types.

Question 17

A group of cells is isolated in the laboratory. The cells have membrane-bound granules in their cytoplasm, and they show phagocytic activity. Which of the following cells is most similar?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of cells is isolated in...

Question 18

The most abundant cells in the blood are:

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are the most abundant cells in the blood, comprising about 40-45% of the total blood volume.

Question 19

Monocytes are blood cells that mature (differentiate) into:

Accepted Answer

Monocytes mature into macrophages, which play a role in immune defense by engulfing and destroying pathogens and other foreign substances. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells are all different types of white blood cells that develop from other precursor cells.

Question 20

After birth, red blood cells are normally made only in the:

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells are primarily produced in the bone marrow throughout life. While the liver and spleen can theoretically produce red blood cells, this only occurs in certain disease processes or conditions and is not the norm.

Quiz 19: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System