Question 1

The Wednesday Night Social Club has several couples that have been with the group for more than a decade.They meet every week for a different social activity often at each other's homes.Frequent activities include potluck and card games.Two new couples in the same age group who have moved into the neighbourhood have attended recently.This group shows evidence of

Accepted Answer

The fact that the group has several couples who have been with them for more than a decade and that they meet every week for social activities shows evidence of cohesiveness. The fact that two new couples have recently attended also shows that the group is open to bringing in new members and continuing to build their social bonds. There is no clear evidence of transactive memory, continuity, consensus, or strong leadership in this scenario.

Question 2

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

Accepted Answer

Cockroaches do not have the capacity for being aroused by the prospect of evaluation.

Question 3

Social facilitation is most likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation occurs when the presence of others enhances our performance on tasks. This effect is most likely to occur when the task is simple and well-learned because the presence of others increases our arousal levels and mobilizes dominant responses, which for simple tasks are usually correct. For difficult tasks where the individual efforts can be assessed, social inhibition may occur instead. The presence of others relaxing you does not necessarily lead to social facilitation.

Question 4

James Michaels and his colleagues (1982)identified both good and bad pool players and then stood around their tables to watch them play.These researchers found that poor players _______ because _______.

Accepted Answer

The researchers found that poor players made fewer shots, which suggests that playing pool was a complex task for them.

Question 5

Assume that you are playing pool at the student union when James Michaels and three of his colleagues (1982)surround the table to watch you play.If you are _______ player,you would play _______ because of the arousing effects of their presence.

Accepted Answer

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, the presence of an audience can enhance performance up to an optimal level of arousal. Since the player is described as excellent, they are likely already skilled and would benefit from the added arousal provided by the audience. Therefore, the best choice is E, an excellent player who would play better than before.

Question 6

Jamal studied long and hard for his psychology exam,has mastered the material,and can answer any question that anyone poses.When he enters the classroom on the day of the examination,the room is more crowded than it's been all term.In this situation,Jamal should

Accepted Answer

Moving to a quiet room or requesting to make the exam a conjunctive or additive task may not be feasible or allowed by the instructor. Moving to the front of the lecture hall might be helpful for reducing distractions but it won't necessarily improve performance. Therefore, the best choice would be to remain in the crowded classroom to take the exam as Jamal has already mastered the material and feels confident in his ability to answer any question.

Question 7

A number of social psychologists have speculated on why the presence of others should lead to arousal.They have developed three explanatory theories.One is that arousal increases vigilance.Another is that arousal is distracting.Third,arousal

Accepted Answer

The presence of others can lead to arousal because it makes us socially apprehensive, as we become concerned about how others perceive us.

Question 8

_______ refers to the tendency of people to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when others are present.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency of people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. This is because the presence of others increases arousal and alertness, leading to a boost in performance. However, on complex tasks that require more skill or attention, the presence of others can lead to distraction and anxiety, resulting in poorer performance. Social loafing refers to the opposite effect, where individuals perform worse in group situations as they feel less accountable for their actions. Deindividuation refers to a loss of individual identity and self-awareness in group situations, which can result in more impulsive or deviant behavior. Contagion and contingent performance are not related concepts in this context.

Question 9

Robert Zajonc and his colleagues (1969)employed the lowly cockroach in their studies of social facilitation.In the presence of other cockroaches,roaches would run faster down a straight-away to escape a bright light than they would alone,but took longer in the presence of a cockroach audience when the escape route was more complicated (i.e.,when they had to run a maze).These findings support the idea that

Accepted Answer

The study shows that the presence of other cockroaches improved performance (i.e., they ran faster) on a well-learned response (i.e., running straight-away to escape a bright light). This is consistent with the idea of social facilitation, which suggests that the presence of others can improve performance on tasks that are well-learned or simple.

Question 10

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task,the presence of others _______ performance; whereas when they undertake a simple task,the presence of others _______ performance.

Accepted Answer

This statement is known as "Social Facilitation Theory." When people or roaches undertake a difficult task, the presence of others impairs performance, presumably because individuals become distracted by the presence of others or nervous about being evaluated. On the other hand, when they undertake a simple task, the presence of others enhances performance, presumably because individuals become more alert and energized by the presence of others.

Question 11

One explanation for why the presence of others leads to arousal is that in the presence of members of our own species,we become alert,vigilant,and mildly aroused.The beauty of this explanation is that it explains

Accepted Answer

The answer of One explanation for why the presence of...

Question 12

According to research,social groups tend to range in size from two or three members to several dozen members.Why is this?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to research,social groups tend to range...

Question 13

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a SOCIAL group?

Accepted Answer

A social group refers to a collection of individuals who interact with one another, share a common identity, and have a sense of belonging. The deliberating members of a 12-person jury fit this description as they interact with one another, share a common goal of reaching a verdict, and may develop a sense of cohesion and identity as a jury. While the other options include collections of people, they do not necessarily share the same level of interaction, identity, or sense of belonging as a social group.

Question 14

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Accepted Answer

The mere presence of others is the minimum requirement for social facilitation to occur. This means that the presence of an audience, regardless of their attention or feedback, can influence an individual's performance on a task. Other factors such as evaluation apprehension and interdependence can enhance the effects of social facilitation, but are not necessary for it to occur.

Question 15

Adele has never driven a car with a standard transmission before.That is,she's never had to decide when to shift gears,push in the clutch,or stop suddenly when the car is in gear.She's just bought a car with standard transmission and wants to practice driving it before she takes it onto the highway.What should she do?

Accepted Answer

Adele should drive the car alone and circle a large parking lot a few times to practice shifting gears, pushing in the clutch, and braking. This will allow her to get a feel for the car and its capabilities in a safe and controlled environment. Having experienced drivers or a friend providing support may be helpful eventually, but it's important for Adele to gain confidence and basic skills first. Having a group of friends follow behind her is also a dangerous idea and not recommended.

Question 16

Robert Zajonc (1965)wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect.Elegantly simple,this explanation included what two steps?

Accepted Answer

Zajonc's explanation for the social facilitation effect posits that the presence of others causes arousal, which in turn affects performance differently depending on the task's complexity: enhancing performance on simple or well-learned tasks and impairing performance on complex or new tasks.

Question 17

Dozens of social psychological experiments on the topic of social facilitation have employed everything from people to birds,ants,and cockroaches.Which of the following is the one consistent finding has emerged from these many studies?

Accepted Answer

The consistent finding from social facilitation studies is that the presence of others enhances performance on simple tasks due to increased arousal, which facilitates dominant responses.

Question 18

The more cohesive a group is,the more likely it is to

Accepted Answer

A cohesive group has a strong sense of unity and belongingness among its members. This attracts new members who are similar in values and also helps retain existing members who feel involved in the group. In contrast, options B, C, D, and E all suggest negative outcomes of group cohesion such as constraining, polarizing, rejecting, pressuring, and rejecting leadership.

Question 19

According to the definition presented in the text,which of the following is an example of social facilitation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the definition presented in the...

Question 20

The presence of others will facilitate performance for

Accepted Answer

The presence of others tends to facilitate performance on simple or well-learned tasks due to increased arousal, known as social facilitation. Washing a car is a simple task for Tim, so the presence of neighbors watching is likely to enhance his performance.

Quiz 8: Group Processes

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

Social facilitation is most likely to occur when

James Michaels and his colleagues (1982) identified both good and bad pool players and then stood around their tables to watch them play.These researchers found that poor players _ because _.

Assume that you are playing pool at the student union when James Michaels and three of his colleagues (1982) surround the table to watch you play.If you are _ player,you would play _ because of the arousing effects of their presence.

Jamal studied long and hard for his psychology exam,has mastered the material,and can answer any question that anyone poses.When he enters the classroom on the day of the examination,the room is more crowded than it's been all term.In this situation,Jamal should

A number of social psychologists have speculated on why the presence of others should lead to arousal.They have developed three explanatory theories.One is that arousal increases vigilance.Another is that arousal is distracting.Third,arousal

_______ refers to the tendency of people to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when others are present.

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task,the presence of others _ performance; whereas when they undertake a simple task,the presence of others _ performance.

One explanation for why the presence of others leads to arousal is that in the presence of members of our own species,we become alert,vigilant,and mildly aroused.The beauty of this explanation is that it explains

According to research,social groups tend to range in size from two or three members to several dozen members.Why is this?

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a SOCIAL group?

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Robert Zajonc (1965) wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect.Elegantly simple,this explanation included what two steps?

Dozens of social psychological experiments on the topic of social facilitation have employed everything from people to birds,ants,and cockroaches.Which of the following is the one consistent finding has emerged from these many studies?

The more cohesive a group is,the more likely it is to

According to the definition presented in the text,which of the following is an example of social facilitation?

The presence of others will facilitate performance for

Quiz 8: Group Processes

Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but NOT to cockroaches?

Social facilitation is most likely to occur when

James Michaels and his colleagues (1982) identified both good and bad pool players and then stood around their tables to watch them play.These researchers found that poor players _______ because _______.

Assume that you are playing pool at the student union when James Michaels and three of his colleagues (1982) surround the table to watch you play.If you are _______ player,you would play _______ because of the arousing effects of their presence.

Jamal studied long and hard for his psychology exam,has mastered the material,and can answer any question that anyone poses.When he enters the classroom on the day of the examination,the room is more crowded than it's been all term.In this situation,Jamal should

A number of social psychologists have speculated on why the presence of others should lead to arousal.They have developed three explanatory theories.One is that arousal increases vigilance.Another is that arousal is distracting.Third,arousal

_______ refers to the tendency of people to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when others are present.

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task,the presence of others _______ performance; whereas when they undertake a simple task,the presence of others _______ performance.

One explanation for why the presence of others leads to arousal is that in the presence of members of our own species,we become alert,vigilant,and mildly aroused.The beauty of this explanation is that it explains

According to research,social groups tend to range in size from two or three members to several dozen members.Why is this?

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a SOCIAL group?

In order for social facilitation to occur,the minimum requirement is the

Robert Zajonc (1965) wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect.Elegantly simple,this explanation included what two steps?

Dozens of social psychological experiments on the topic of social facilitation have employed everything from people to birds,ants,and cockroaches.Which of the following is the one consistent finding has emerged from these many studies?

The more cohesive a group is,the more likely it is to

According to the definition presented in the text,which of the following is an example of social facilitation?

The presence of others will facilitate performance for

James Michaels and his colleagues (1982) identified both good and bad pool players and then stood around their tables to watch them play.These researchers found that poor players _ because _.

Assume that you are playing pool at the student union when James Michaels and three of his colleagues (1982) surround the table to watch you play.If you are _ player,you would play _ because of the arousing effects of their presence.

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task,the presence of others _ performance; whereas when they undertake a simple task,the presence of others _ performance.