Question 1

______________ occurs when a neutral third-party studies the conflict and imposes a settlement.

Accepted Answer

Arbitration occurs when a neutral third-party studies the conflict and imposes a settlement. This differs from mediation where the third-party facilitates communication and helps the parties come to their own agreement.

Question 2

In times of tension,as during an international crisis,

Accepted Answer

During international crises, people and governments often simplify their views of the opposing side, seeing them in more black-and-white terms rather than acknowledging the complexity of their motives or actions. This simplification can stem from heightened emotions, a rally-around-the-flag effect, or the need for quick decision-making.

Question 3

According to Pruitt (1986)compromises are ______________ than integrative agreements.

Accepted Answer

According to Pruitt (1986), compromises are less enduring than integrative agreements. This is because compromises involve each side giving up something, which may lead to resentment or dissatisfaction in the long term. Integrative agreements, on the other hand, involve finding a mutually beneficial solution that satisfies both parties' interests and needs, leading to a more stable and enduring outcome.

Question 4

The reciprocal views that parties in conflict often hold of one another are referred to as

Accepted Answer

Mirror-image perceptions refer to the tendency for both sides in a conflict to view each other as being similar to themselves, often assuming that the other side's motives and actions are hostile or aggressive. This can create a cycle of mistrust and escalation of the conflict.

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with lose-lose scenarios?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is associated with...

Question 6

Mediation is to ________________ as arbitration is to ________________.

Accepted Answer

Mediation is a facilitated negotiation where a neutral third-party assists the parties in reaching a voluntary agreement. On the other hand, arbitration is an imposed settlement where a neutral third-party acts as a judge and makes a final, binding decision. Therefore, the best choice for the two blanks is facilitated negotiation for mediation and an imposed settlement for arbitration, which is Option D.

Question 7

Groups in intractable conflict often engage in

Accepted Answer

In-group pride is a common characteristic of groups in intractable conflict, as they often feel a strong attachment to their group and view other groups as a threat. Outgroup pride, intergroup sharing, and intergroup conciliation are less common in such conflicts.

Question 8

Reciprocal views of one another often held by parties in conflict; for example,each may view itself as moral and peace loving and the other as evil and aggressive defines

Accepted Answer

The scenario described is an example of the mirror-image perceptions, which refers to the reciprocal perceptions and views that parties in conflict hold of each other. Each party views themselves as moral and good and the other as evil and aggressive. This sets the stage for continued conflict and difficulty in finding a resolution.

Question 9

Deidra was in a car accident.She is trying to bargain with the opposing insurance company for a monetary settlement for her medical bills and suffering.She demands $30,000 and states that she will accept no less.The insurance company offers her $15,000,take it or leave it.Deidra's bargaining situation demonstrates how

Accepted Answer

Deidra's tough stance of demanding $30,000 with no room for negotiation has resulted in a deadlock in the bargaining process as the insurance company has made a final offer of $15,000. This demonstrates the importance of being willing to compromise and negotiate in a bargaining situation.

Question 10

Cialdini,Bickman and Cacioppo (1979)found that car dealers

Accepted Answer

The study found that under tough bargaining, car dealers were willing to lower the price on average by $200, indicating that they were willing to bargain. The other options do not align with the findings of the study.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a seed of misperception that can lead to conflict?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 12

Three things that can cause conflict are

Accepted Answer

Social dilemmas occur when individuals make choices that benefit themselves but harm others or the group as a whole. Perceived injustice occurs when individuals feel that they are being treated unfairly, which can lead to conflict. Misperception can occur when individuals misunderstand each other's intentions or actions, leading to conflict. While competition and equity can also cause conflict, they are not included in the options for the best choice(s).

Question 13

______________ occurs when a neutral third-party attempts to facilitate communication and offer suggestions for how to resolve a conflict.

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question is mediation. In mediation, a neutral third-party helps the conflicting parties try to understand each other's positions and come to a mutually acceptable agreement. The mediator does not make decisions for the parties, but rather facilitates communication and suggests possible solutions.

Question 14

________________ occurs when conflicted parties seek an agreement through direct negotiation.

Accepted Answer

Bargaining is the process of seeking an agreement through direct negotiation between the conflicted parties. It involves both parties making concessions and finding a mutually acceptable solution to their conflict. Mediation involves the use of a neutral third party to facilitate negotiations, while arbitration involves a third party making a binding decision on the conflict. Amelioration refers to the act of making something better or improving a situation, but it is not directly related to conflict resolution. Therefore, the best choice for this question is bargaining.

Question 15

John believes he is hardworking but his wife,Rachel,is lazy.Rachel believes she is hardworking but John is lazy.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the mirror-image perception, where two people in a relationship have opposite perceptions of themselves and each other. John believes he is hardworking but sees his wife as lazy, while Rachel believes she is hardworking but sees her husband as lazy. This can create misunderstandings and conflicts within the relationship.

Question 16

Groups in intractable conflict engage tend to NOT

Accepted Answer

In intractable conflicts, groups often hold their goals as supremely important and are determined to achieve them, even if it means engaging in destructive behavior. They may view their opponent as an obstacle to their goals, rather than as victims themselves.

Question 17

Your text offers what advice when in conflict?

Accepted Answer

Comparing perceptions and assuming the other may see the situation differently allows for open communication and understanding. It promotes active listening and empathy, which can lead to resolving the conflict effectively. Assumptions about the other's values or seeing the events exactly the same can lead to misunderstandings and escalate the conflict. Simplifying thinking about the other may also lead to misunderstandings or oversimplification of the situation.

Question 18

One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to

Accepted Answer

Mirror-image perception often involves each side exaggerating the negative aspects or intentions of the other, leading to a cycle of misunderstanding and conflict.

Question 19

According to research on political rhetoric preceding attacks versus peace agreements,

Accepted Answer

The research suggests that simplistic rhetoric, specifically "we-are-good/they-are-bad" thinking, is often evident immediately prior to aggressive actions. This implies that a more nuanced and complicated rational thinking may be employed when planning strategic attacks. Additionally, the question does not mention any evidence to support choices A, C, or D.

Question 20

Destructive mirror-image perceptions operate in conflicts between/among

Accepted Answer

Destructive mirror-image perceptions can operate in conflicts between/among countries, groups, and even individuals. Therefore, the best choice is D as it includes all the options mentioned in the question.

Quiz 13: Social Psychology in Conflict and Peacemaking