Question 1

Which eye disorder is associated with irregular clumping of proteinaceous substances within the lens?

Accepted Answer

Cataract is characterized by the irregular clumping of proteinaceous substances within the lens, leading to a progressive loss of vision. Glaucoma is caused by damage to the optic nerve due to increased intraocular pressure, papilledema is swelling of the optic nerve head, and diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to high blood sugar levels in diabetes.

Question 2

Which vision impairment is associated with elongation of the eyeball?

Accepted Answer

Elongation of the eyeball is a characteristic of myopia, also known as nearsightedness. This can cause difficulty seeing objects at a distance, while near objects appear clear.

Question 3

The nurse is using an Amsler grid to assess the vision of a client.The client tells the nurse,"I am noticing black spots while looking through the grid." What does the nurse interpret from this finding?

Accepted Answer

Black spots or distortion of lines while looking through an Amsler grid is a classic symptom of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), a disease that affects the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Cataracts do not cause black spots or distortions in vision; instead, they cause blurred or cloudy vision. Retinoblastoma is a rare eye cancer that affects young children, and diabetic retinopathy occurs in people with diabetes and causes visual changes such as blurriness, but not black spots.

Question 4

A client with strabismus has apparent red eyes and white spots in the pupil.After examination,the nurse finds that the client exhibits an absence of red reflex in both eyes.Which treatment strategy does the nurse expect will be beneficial for the client?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with strabismus has apparent red...

Question 5

A client has painful,swollen eyelids and complains of severe pain on exposure to sunlight.The primary health care provider prescribes surgical excision for the client.Which eye infection is present in the client?

Accepted Answer

A chalazion is a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibomian glands in the eyelid, often requiring surgical excision if not resolved with conservative treatment. It can cause swollen eyelids and discomfort, distinguishing it from the other options listed, which typically do not require surgical intervention for management.

Question 6

On reviewing a client's prescription,the nurse finds that the client is prescribed concave lenses for the treatment of impaired vision.Which condition does the nurse find in the client?

Accepted Answer

Concave lenses are used to treat myopia or nearsightedness, where distant objects appear blurry.

Question 7

A client complains of dry and irritated eyes.After examination,the nurse finds that the client has exophthalmos.What is the most common cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Exophthalmos, also known as bulging or protruding eyes, is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism, which is an overactive thyroid gland. The excess production of thyroid hormone can cause swelling in the tissues behind the eyes, leading to the bulging appearance. Horner's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and genetic disorders are not commonly associated with exophthalmos.

Question 8

While assessing the eye of a client,the nurse finds that the skin around the eye is flaking,and the client has greasy eyelids that appear scaly.What does the nurse interpret from these findings?

Accepted Answer

Flaking skin and greasy, scaly eyelids are classic symptoms of blepharitis, which is inflammation of the eyelids. Styes and chalazia involve the formation of a lump or bump on the eyelid, which is not mentioned in the scenario. Conjunctivitis involves inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye, and would not necessarily cause flaking skin or greasy eyelids.

Question 9

While assessing a child with glaucoma,the nurse uses a tonometry instrument.What is the purpose of this instrument?

Accepted Answer

Tonometry instruments are used to assess the intraocular pressure, which is important in the diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. High intraocular pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to vision loss.

Question 10

A client tells the nurse,"I am unable to tolerate light and have a gritty sensation in the eye." The primary health care provider prescribes a fluorescent dye test for the client.Which condition does the nurse anticipate in the client?

Accepted Answer

The client's symptoms of intolerance to light and gritty sensation in the eye suggest a corneal abrasion, which is a scratch or injury to the cornea. The fluorescent dye test is often used to confirm the diagnosis of a corneal abrasion by highlighting the affected area when viewed under a special light. It is not typically used to diagnose glaucoma, presbyopia, or exophthalmos.

Question 11

After assessment of a client,the nurse finds that the client has blurred vision and swelling of the optic disc.What does the nurse interpret from this finding?

Accepted Answer

Blurred vision and swelling of the optic disc are characteristics of papilledema, which is caused by increased intracranial pressure. A cataract would present with cloudy or blurry vision, conjunctivitis with redness and discharge, and retinal detachment with sudden onset of floaters and flashes of light.

Question 12

Which part of the eye is corrected using photorefractive keratectomy (PRK),also known as surface ablation?

Accepted Answer

Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) is a surgical procedure that involves removing the outer layer of the cornea and reshaping the underlying tissue to correct refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Therefore, the correct answer is the cornea.

Question 13

While assessing the eyes of a client,the nurse finds that the client has red,watery eyes with purulent exudates and obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct.What does the nurse interpret from these findings?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of red, watery eyes with purulent exudates and obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct are indicative of dacryocystitis, which is an infection and inflammation of the tear sac caused by blockage of the nasolacrimal duct. Uveitis, scleritis, and keratitis are different eye conditions with different symptoms.

Question 14

A client complains of severe headache,vomiting,and double vision.After assessing the client,the nurse determines that the client has swelling of the optic nerve.What does the nurse interpret from these findings?

Accepted Answer

Swelling of the optic nerve is a sign of papilledema which is caused by increased intracranial pressure. The other options listed do not have any association with optic nerve swelling.

Question 15

A 45-year-old client has impaired vision and has just started using reading glasses.Which vision impairment is present in the client?

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia is the age-related loss of near vision, caused by a natural hardening of the lens of the eye that occurs with age. Reading glasses are commonly used to correct presbyopia.

Question 16

Which visual impairment is associated with strabismus?

Accepted Answer

Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes, can lead to amblyopia, which is a condition where the brain favors one eye over the other, resulting in reduced vision in the weaker eye.

Question 17

Which eye infection spreads easily through contact?

Accepted Answer

Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is highly contagious and can easily spread from person to person through contact with contaminated hands, towels, or eye secretions. Scleritis, chalazion, and blepharitis are eye conditions that are not typically contagious.

Question 18

Which finding is associated with ectropion?

Accepted Answer

Ectropion is a condition where the eyelid turns outward, revealing the conjunctiva. This can lead to dryness, redness, and irritation of the eye. Bulging of the eye out of the orbit (exophthalmos) is not associated with ectropion. Recession of the eyeball within the orbit (enophthalmos) is also not associated with ectropion. Damage to the epithelial surface of the cornea (corneal abrasion) can occur as a result of ectropion, but it is not a defining characteristic of the condition.

Question 19

Which is the autoimmune disorder that manifests as dry eye?

Accepted Answer

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, also known as dry eye, is an autoimmune disorder that affects the tear film and causes decreased tear production or increased evaporation of tears. Chalazion is a benign cyst in the eyelid, Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelid, and Dacryocystitis is an infection of the tear duct. None of these conditions are directly related to autoimmune disorders.

Question 20

A client with rheumatoid arthritis has purplish-red eye and complains of severe eye pain,which radiates to the eyebrow and jaw.Which treatment strategy will be beneficial for the client?

Accepted Answer

The client's symptoms suggest that they have scleritis, which is a serious complication of rheumatoid arthritis. The purplish-red eye, severe eye pain, and radiation to the eyebrow and jaw are all signs of this condition. Treatment with corticosteroids is typically effective in reducing inflammation and managing symptoms. Acyclovir and antihistamines would not be effective for scleritis, and surgical excision is not typically used to manage this condition.

Quiz 43: Eye Disorders