Question 1

Individuals with which tissue types are at high risk for developing Goodpasture's syndrome in the kidney and lungs?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding of the basic pathology of renal disorders?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of renal calculi.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further training?

Accepted Answer

The lifetime risk of developing nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) for men in the United States is higher than 7%; it is approximately 10-15%.

Question 4

At what age does the peak function of the kidneys occur in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

The peak function of the kidneys occurs in a healthy adult at around 30 years of age. After that, there is a gradual decline in kidney function, which can be impacted by various factors such as chronic diseases, medication usage, and lifestyle choices.

Question 5

A client presents with a specific type of renal calculi that is not widely prevalent.The nurse knows that this client has been undergoing chemotherapy as part of his or her treatment for cancer.Which is an associated characteristic of the type of renal calculi that is most likely to be present in this client?

Accepted Answer

High purine levels in the bloodstream are associated with certain types of chemotherapy treatments, which can lead to the formation of uric acid stones, a specific type of renal calculi. Chemotherapy can increase cell turnover, leading to elevated purine levels and subsequently higher uric acid levels in the blood and urine.

Question 6

Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates understanding about the secretory functions of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

The kidneys play a crucial role in calcium balance by converting vitamin D into its active form, which is necessary for calcium absorption in the intestines. When renal function is impaired, this conversion process is disrupted, leading to altered calcium levels in the bloodstream.

Question 7

Which is the most common condition associated with the formation of renal calculi?

Accepted Answer

Hyperabsorption of calcium and oxalate from the gastrointestinal tract is the most common condition associated with the formation of renal calculi. Other risk factors include inadequate fluid intake, urinary tract obstruction, and certain metabolic disorders.

Question 8

What percentage of clients suffering from Goodpasture's syndrome has clinically apparent manifestations of pulmonary and renal disease?

Accepted Answer

According to research, 60% to 80% of clients suffering from Goodpasture's syndrome have clinically apparent manifestations of pulmonary and renal disease.

Question 9

Which urinalysis finding indicates that the client could be suffering from renal dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Urine containing crystals can indicate renal dysfunction.

Question 10

Which statement made by a student nurse pertains to the theory of protein deficiency as a possible cause of formation of renal calculi?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement made by a student nurse...

Question 11

The nurse is assessing the urinalysis report of a client of average build.Which observation definitely indicates an illness state in the client?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is assessing the urinalysis report...

Question 12

Which is a likely cause of elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)in a client?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration can cause a decrease in urine output and an increase in BUN levels. As the body becomes dehydrated, the kidneys conserve water by reabsorbing more water and excreting less urine. As a result, there is less water available to flush out waste products, including nitrogenous wastes that eventually convert into urea. Therefore, BUN levels may rise as a result of dehydration.

Question 13

A health-care provider is evaluating the urine and blood test reports of a client with a muscular body structure.Which observations are most likely to indicate that the client is suffering from renal impairment? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health-care provider is evaluating the urine...

Question 14

What percentage of filtered electrolytes is reabsorbed at the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of filtered electrolytes is reabsorbed...

Question 15

What percentage of the body's cardiac output is received by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 20% to 25% of the body's cardiac output is received by the kidneys. This enables the kidneys to filter and remove waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream.

Quiz 22: Renal Disorders