Question 1

The nurse would be most concerned about the development of which of the following in a client receiving tobramycin (Nebcin)?

Accepted Answer

Tobramycin has a known side effect of causing hearing loss, especially with prolonged use or higher doses. The nurse should monitor the client's hearing and report any changes to the healthcare provider. Pain on injection, nausea, and confusion are common side effects of many medications, including tobramycin, but they are not as concerning as potential hearing loss.

Question 2

The nurse understands that most urinary tract infections that are found in community-acquired infections are caused by

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of community-acquired urinary tract infections.

Question 3

The nurse should encourage intake of which of the following vitamins during antibacterial therapy for a client with a urinary tract infection who does not like cranberry juice?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C is known to promote healthy urinary tract function and help prevent urinary tract infections, making it a good choice to encourage intake during antibacterial therapy for a UTI. Vitamin A and vitamin E do not have specific benefits for the urinary tract, and while vitamin B may have some benefits for urinary tract function, there is no specific evidence to support its use for UTI prevention or treatment.

Question 4

A client has a new prescription for penicillin V potassium to treat an infection.The nurse explains that which of the following is the most common adverse effect of this drug?

Accepted Answer

Nausea and mild diarrhea are the most common adverse effects of penicillin V potassium.

Question 5

A client is being treated with an antibacterial drug for an infection that developed after laceration of the hand with a knife.The nurse would evaluate that the client is having the best response to therapy after noting which of the following findings?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is being treated with an...

Question 6

A client who has a new antibacterial drug order needs to take a dose on an empty stomach three times daily.After learning that the client awakens at 7:00 AM each morning and leaves the house at 8:30 AM for work,the nurse plans with the client that the doses should be taken at

Accepted Answer

Taking the medication at 7:00 AM allows for an empty stomach after a night's sleep. The 3:00 PM dose is well after lunch but before dinner, and the 11:00 PM dose is late enough to be after dinner, ensuring each dose is taken on an empty stomach.

Question 7

The nurse would question an order for intravenous penicillin G potassium in a client with which of the following health problems?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous penicillin G potassium is primarily eliminated by the kidneys, so it should be used with caution or avoided in clients with renal failure. Hepatitis, peptic ulcer, and hyponatremia are not contraindications to the use of intravenous penicillin G potassium.

Question 8

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following health problems who is receiving a cephalosporin antibacterial drug will be at highest risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis?

Accepted Answer

Regional enteritis (Crohn's disease) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, which increases the risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis when taking cephalosporin drugs. Other conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, dental caries, and swallowing impairment are not typically associated with an increased risk of pseudomembranous colitis.

Question 9

The nurse notes that an assigned client is receiving both vancomycin (Vancocin)and tobramycin (Nebcin).The nurse would pay closest attention to which of the following client laboratory results?

Accepted Answer

Vancomycin and tobramycin both have the potential to cause nephrotoxicity (kidney damage). Serum creatinine is a marker of kidney function and should be closely monitored in clients receiving these medications.

Question 10

The nurse would assess for which of the following when gathering data about a possible lower urinary tract infection?

Accepted Answer

Lower urinary tract infections typically manifest with symptoms such as urinary urgency, frequency, and dysuria. Pain in the lower back or weakness may suggest an upper urinary tract (kidney) involvement, while fever may indicate a more severe infection.

Question 11

The nurse has an order to administer a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin).The nurse should set the intravenous infusion pump so that the drug infuses in no less than how many minutes?

Accepted Answer

The standard infusion time for vancomycin is over a minimum of 60 minutes to prevent adverse effects like red man syndrome, which can occur due to rapid infusion. Therefore, the nurse should set the intravenous infusion pump to deliver the drug over no less than 60 minutes. A shorter infusion time increases the risk of toxicity and adverse reactions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest infusion times shorter than the recommended 60 minutes.

Question 12

The nurse needs to schedule a peak and trough drug level with the fourth dose of vancomycin (Vancocin).If the dose is administered at 08:00 and is infused over a 90-minute period,the nurse should arrange with the laboratory for trough and then peak levels at which of the following times?

Accepted Answer

The trough level should be drawn just before the next dose, so for a dose given at 08:00, a 07:30 draw time is appropriate. The peak level, after a 90-minute infusion ending at 09:30, should be drawn about 1 hour later to allow the drug to distribute, making 10:00 the correct time for the peak level.

Question 13

Which statement would be included by the nurse in a discussion with a client about allergic reaction to an antibacterial?

Accepted Answer

Administration should be stopped immediately at the first sign of an allergic reaction. It is important to immediately stop the medication and notify a healthcare provider if any signs of an allergic reaction occur.

Question 14

The nurse who is monitoring the client receiving sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim DS)for treatment of urinary tract infection would encourage fluid intake so that the 24-hour urine output totals at least how many milliliters?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse who is monitoring the client...

Question 15

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following infections would be prescribed meropenem (Merrem)?

Accepted Answer

Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is often used to treat serious bacterial infections such as meningitis. It is effective against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, making it a good choice for infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. Cellulitis, pneumonia, and tooth abscesses are typically treated with other antibiotics.

Question 16

A client with renal function impairment has an infection that is susceptible to the penicillins.The nurse anticipates that which of the following modifications will be made in drug therapy for this client?

Accepted Answer

Smaller doses of penicillin may be necessary for a client with renal function impairment because the kidneys are responsible for excreting the drug. Impaired renal function can lead to accumulation of the drug in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity. Therefore, adjusting the dose to smaller amounts can help manage the drug's effectiveness while minimizing potential side effects.

Question 17

The nurse would administer the antibacterial drug linezolid (Zyvox)cautiously in a client with which of the following cardiovascular health problems?

Accepted Answer

Linezolid (Zyvox) can cause or exacerbate hypertension due to its potential to interact with tyramine-containing foods and adrenergic agents, increasing blood pressure. Therefore, it should be used cautiously in clients with hypertension.

Question 18

A client requires treatment for an infection with pseudomonas.The nurse anticipates that which of the following penicillin antibacterials will be ordered?

Accepted Answer

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to most penicillin antibacterials, except for carbenicillin (Geocillin), piperacillin (Pipracil), and ticarcillin (Ticar). Therefore, carbenicillin would be the best choice for treatment of an infection with pseudomonas. Ampicillin, nafcillin, and cloxacillin are not effective against this type of bacteria.

Question 19

A client will begin antibacterial drug therapy with chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin).The nurse places highest priority on assessing the results of which of the following baseline laboratory studies?

Accepted Answer

The most important laboratory study to assess before starting chloramphenicol therapy is a complete blood count (CBC) because chloramphenicol is associated with the rare but potentially fatal side effect of aplastic anemia. This condition involves a reduction in the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and can occur within the first few days of therapy or even weeks to months afterward. Therefore, it is important to assess the patient's blood counts at baseline and periodically during therapy to detect any signs of bone marrow suppression. Serum electrolytes may be assessed to monitor for metabolic abnormalities or electrolyte imbalances, serum glucose may be assessed to monitor for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, and activated partial thromboplastin time may be assessed to monitor coagulation status. However, these laboratory studies are not as crucial as the CBC for assessing the risk of aplastic anemia.

Question 20

A client who enjoys drinking socially has been prescribed cefotetan (Cefotan).The nurse explains to the client that alcohol should be avoided for how long?

Accepted Answer

Cefotetan can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol, which can lead to symptoms such as flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting, and rapid heartbeat. Therefore, alcohol should be avoided during drug therapy and for 3 days afterward.

Quiz 58: Antibacterials

The nurse would be most concerned about the development of which of the following in a client receiving tobramycin (Nebcin) ?

The nurse understands that most urinary tract infections that are found in community-acquired infections are caused by

The nurse should encourage intake of which of the following vitamins during antibacterial therapy for a client with a urinary tract infection who does not like cranberry juice?

A client has a new prescription for penicillin V potassium to treat an infection.The nurse explains that which of the following is the most common adverse effect of this drug?

A client is being treated with an antibacterial drug for an infection that developed after laceration of the hand with a knife.The nurse would evaluate that the client is having the best response to therapy after noting which of the following findings?

A client who has a new antibacterial drug order needs to take a dose on an empty stomach three times daily.After learning that the client awakens at 7:00 AM each morning and leaves the house at 8:30 AM for work,the nurse plans with the client that the doses should be taken at

The nurse would question an order for intravenous penicillin G potassium in a client with which of the following health problems?

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following health problems who is receiving a cephalosporin antibacterial drug will be at highest risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis?

The nurse notes that an assigned client is receiving both vancomycin (Vancocin) and tobramycin (Nebcin) .The nurse would pay closest attention to which of the following client laboratory results?

The nurse would assess for which of the following when gathering data about a possible lower urinary tract infection?

The nurse has an order to administer a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin) .The nurse should set the intravenous infusion pump so that the drug infuses in no less than how many minutes?

The nurse needs to schedule a peak and trough drug level with the fourth dose of vancomycin (Vancocin) .If the dose is administered at 08:00 and is infused over a 90-minute period,the nurse should arrange with the laboratory for trough and then peak levels at which of the following times?

Which statement would be included by the nurse in a discussion with a client about allergic reaction to an antibacterial?

The nurse who is monitoring the client receiving sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim DS) for treatment of urinary tract infection would encourage fluid intake so that the 24-hour urine output totals at least how many milliliters?

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following infections would be prescribed meropenem (Merrem) ?

A client with renal function impairment has an infection that is susceptible to the penicillins.The nurse anticipates that which of the following modifications will be made in drug therapy for this client?

The nurse would administer the antibacterial drug linezolid (Zyvox) cautiously in a client with which of the following cardiovascular health problems?

A client requires treatment for an infection with pseudomonas.The nurse anticipates that which of the following penicillin antibacterials will be ordered?

A client will begin antibacterial drug therapy with chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) .The nurse places highest priority on assessing the results of which of the following baseline laboratory studies?

A client who enjoys drinking socially has been prescribed cefotetan (Cefotan) .The nurse explains to the client that alcohol should be avoided for how long?