Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding management in bureaucracies is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false as workers in bureaucracies can give orders to their subordinates if they hold a managerial or supervisory position.

Question 2

The economic recession also hit workers with disabilities hard.As of March 2011,persons age 16 years and over with a disability had an unemployment rate of______________percent.

Accepted Answer

According to the given statement, as of March 2011, persons with disabilities had an unemployment rate of 15.6 percent, which suggests that the economic recession hit workers with disabilities hard. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 3

As the United States' largest corporation,General Electric posted total profits of $14.2 billion from 2008-2010 and paid______________in total taxes.

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, General Electric posted total profits of $14.2 billion from 2008-2010, but it did not pay $0 in total taxes as option A suggests. Additionally, option D exceeds the amount of profit made by the company. Option B is a lower value than the company's profits, but not a realistic one for a corporation of this size. Option C, $7 billion, is a reasonable and likely answer based on the information provided.

Question 4

The______________is made up of a wide variety of activities through which people make money that they do not report to the government and,in some cases,their endeavors may involve criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

The term "underground economy" refers to economic activities that are not reported to the government for tax or regulatory purposes, and can include illegal activities such as drug trafficking, as well as legal activities such as unreported income from self-employment or cash transactions between individuals.

Question 5

The______________is the percentage of unemployed persons in the labor force actively seeking jobs.

Accepted Answer

The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed persons in the labor force actively seeking jobs. Option A, poverty rate, is a measure of the percentage of people living below the poverty line. Option B, rate of joblessness, is a general term and not specific to actively seeking jobs. Option C, jobless quotient, is not a commonly used term in economics or labor economics.

Question 6

______________ are essential in contemporary bureaucracies,where work is highly specialized and authority structures are hierarchical.

Accepted Answer

Managers are essential in contemporary bureaucracies as they oversee specialized work and maintain the hierarchical authority structure.

Question 7

______________ unemployment arises because the skills demanded by employers do not match the skills of the unemployed or because the unemployed do not live where the jobs are located.This type of unemployment may be permanent.

Accepted Answer

Structural unemployment is caused by a mismatch between the skills of the unemployed and the skills demanded by employers, or a geographical mismatch between the location of job openings and the location of the unemployed. This type of unemployment is often long-term and may be permanent if workers do not acquire the necessary skills or move to areas with better job opportunities. Vocational and occupational unemployment are not commonly used terms, and "lasting" is not a recognized category of unemployment.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of positions in the lower tier of the service sector?

Accepted Answer

Positions in the lower tier of the service sector are often part of the secondary labor market, which is characterized by low wages, little job security, and few chances for advancement.

Question 9

When discussing the global economy in the future,it is important to note that in March 2013,the U.S.national debt was at more than .
_____________

Accepted Answer

As of March 2013, the U.S. national debt was at more than $16.6 trillion. Option A and D are too low, while option B is way too high.

Question 10

______________ refers to an agreement in which a larger corporation contracts with other (usually smaller)firms to provide specialized components,products,or services to the larger corporations.

Accepted Answer

Subcontracting refers to the process where a larger corporation hires smaller firms to provide specialized components, products, or services to the larger corporation. This allows larger corporations to focus on their core competencies and outsource non-core activities to smaller specialized firms.

Question 11

Occupations such as pharmacist have already been:

Accepted Answer

Pharmacists have experienced deskilling due to automation and technology, which have taken over some of their traditional tasks.

Question 12

______________ results from shifts in the demand for workers based on conditions such as the weather (in agriculture,the construction industry,and tourism)or the season (holidays and summer vacations).

Accepted Answer

Seasonal unemployment occurs when demand for workers fluctuates due to seasonal or weather conditions. Examples include agriculture workers during certain times of the year and tourism workers during peak seasons.

Question 13

______________ jobs differ from the employment norms of the society in which they are located.Examples in the U.S.labor market include personal service workers and private household workers.

Accepted Answer

Marginal jobs are those that fall outside of the standard or typical employment norms of a society, often due to low pay, lack of benefits, or irregular hours. Personal service workers and private household workers are examples of jobs that are often considered marginal in the United States. Illegal jobs (choice A) are those that are prohibited by law and may carry legal consequences if engaged in. Lower tier (choice B) and dysfunctional (choice D) are not commonly used terms in the context of describing employment.

Question 14

______________ work is part-time work,temporary work,or subcontracted work that offers advantages to employers but can be detrimental to the welfare of workers.This type of work is found in every segment of the work force.

Accepted Answer

The description of temporary, part-time or subcontracted work that is disadvantageous to workers is indicative of contingent work. The other options do not accurately reflect this type of work.

Question 15

The mutual interdependence refers to the mutual dependence that various countries have on one another with regard to importing and exporting goods and services is referred to as______________.

Accepted Answer

Global economic interdependence refers to the interconnectedness of economies around the world due to the cross-border flow of goods, services, and capital. It implies that countries depend on one another for trade and commerce, and no country can fully sustain itself without engaging in international trade. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it defines the concept of mutual interdependence accurately. Option B is incorrect as industrialization refers to the process of developing industries. Option C is incorrect as transnationalism refers to the movement across national borders of people, ideas, and cultural practices. Option D is incorrect as it is a broad term that is not as specific as option A.

Question 16

Which of the following groups are NOT typically employed in the lower-tier sector of employment?

Accepted Answer

Middle-aged individuals are generally more likely to have established careers and are less likely to be employed in lower-tier jobs compared to the young, recent immigrants, and white women, who historically have faced barriers to higher-tier employment.

Question 17

All of the following are examples of positions within the lower tier of the service sector EXCEPT the:

Accepted Answer

Paralegal is not a lower tier service sector job. It requires specialized training and education, and is typically considered a professional or white-collar position. The other jobs listed (waitress, sales clerk, textile worker) are all examples of lower tier service sector jobs.

Question 18

In 1990 the United States became the first nation to formally address the issue of equality for persons with a disability when Congress passed the:

Accepted Answer

The Americans with Disabilities Act was passed by Congress in 1990 and became law on July 26, 1990. It prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including employment, education, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.

Question 19

In their individual and collective struggles to improve their work environment and gain some measure of control over their work-related activities,workers have used a number of methods to resist workplace alienation.Many have joined______________to gain strength through collective action.

Accepted Answer

Labor unions are the most likely choice for workers to join in order to gain collective bargaining power and improve their work conditions. The other options are not relevant to the context of workplace alienation and resistance.

Question 20

On average,______________receive lower pay,less job security,and less access to health insurance,pension plans,and training than their counterparts.

Accepted Answer

Workers with disabilities often face challenges in the workplace, including lower pay, less job security, and reduced access to benefits and training compared to their non-disabled counterparts.

Quiz 13: The Economy and Work in Global Perspective