Question 1

Max Weber emphasized that sociology should be value­free-research should be conducted in a scientific manner and should exclude the researcher's personal values and economic interests.

Accepted Answer

Max Weber was a proponent of value-free sociology, which meant that researchers should strive to remove their personal biases and values from their research in order to conduct objective and scientific studies. This approach was also known as positivism.

Question 2

Sociology is a systematic study because sociologists apply both theoretical perspectives and research methods to examinations of social behavior.

Accepted Answer

Sociology is systematic because sociologists use a range of theoretical perspectives and research methods to systematically study social behavior.

Question 3

Anomie defines a condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and a sense of purpose in society.

Accepted Answer

Anomie refers to a situation where there is a breakdown in social norms and values, leading to a sense of disconnection and purposelessness in society. This breakdown in social control can result in deviant behavior and a lack of direction in individuals.

Question 4

The conflict and functionalist perspectives focus primarily on microlevel (focusing on small groups)analysis,whereas the symbolic interactionist approaches are based on a macrolevel (examining whole societies,large-scale social structures,and social systems)analysis.

Accepted Answer

The statement is opposite to the actual perspective. The conflict and functionalist perspectives focus on macrolevel analysis, whereas symbolic interactionist approaches focus on microlevel analysis.

Question 5

In the Marxian framework,the working class,or bourgeoisie,is composed of those who must sell their labor because they have no other means to earn a livelihood.

Accepted Answer

In the Marxian framework, the working class is referred to as the proletariat, not the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie are the owners of the means of production.

Question 6

Social thought began to change rapidly in the seventeenth century with the scientific revolution.

Accepted Answer

The scientific revolution of the 17th century challenged traditional beliefs and ways of thinking, leading to a shift in social thought and the emergence of new ideas about society, government, and individual rights.

Question 7

According to Robert K.Merton,a manifest function of education is the transmission of knowledge and skills from one generation to the next;a latent function is the establishment of social relations and networks.

Accepted Answer

According to Merton, this statement is true.

Question 8

C.Wright Mills believed that the most important decisions in the United States are made largely behind the scenes by the power elite-a small clique composed of the top corporate,political,and military officials.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately reflects Mills' theory of the power elite.

Question 9

One of Max Weber's most useful concepts is decentralization-the process by which the modern world has come to be increasingly dominated by structures devoted to efficiency,calculability,predictability,and technological control.

Accepted Answer

Max Weber's concept related to the domination of modern structures is "rationalization," not decentralization. Rationalization refers to the increasing focus on efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control in modern societies.

Question 10

A society is a large social grouping that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of a society as recognized in the field of sociology.

Question 11

Urbanization is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries.

Accepted Answer

Urbanization is the process by which populations move from rural to urban areas and the proportion of urban population increases. This may result in a shift from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy, but it is not necessarily the same as a transition from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to manufacturing and related industries.

Question 12

French philosopher Auguste Comte coined the term sociology to describe a new science that would engage in the study of society.

Accepted Answer

This is a factual statement about the origin of sociology.

Question 13

The 2,400 pairs of shoes owned by Imelda Marcos,wife of the late President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines,is an example of conspicuous consumption.

Accepted Answer

The 2,400 pairs of shoes owned by Imelda Marcos are an example of conspicuous consumption, which refers to the lavish spending on goods and services for the purpose of displaying wealth and status.

Question 14

Max Weber believed that societies developed through a process of "struggle" (for existence)and "fitness" (for survival),which he referred to as the "survival of the fittest."

Accepted Answer

Max Weber did not use the concept of "survival of the fittest" to describe societal development. This idea is more closely associated with Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer. Weber focused on rationalization and the role of ideas and values in social change.

Question 15

The awareness that helps us understand that there is a connection between losing our job and the high unemployment rate in the region in which we live is an example of the sociological imagination.

Accepted Answer

The sociological imagination is the ability to connect personal experiences to larger social and historical forces. Understanding the relationship between personal job loss and regional unemployment rates demonstrates an example of the sociological imagination.

Question 16

Sociologist Emile Durkheim observed that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor produce strains in society.These strains lead to a breakdown in traditional organization,values,and authority and to a dramatic increase in anomie.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim did indeed observe that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor could lead to strains in society, which could result in a breakdown of traditional organization, values, and authority and an increase in anomie (a sense of normlessness or lack of moral guidance). This is a key concept in Durkheim's theory of social integration and its relationship to suicide rates.

Question 17

According to the conflict perspective,society is a stable,orderly system.This system is characterized by societal consensus.

Accepted Answer

According to the conflict perspective, society is characterized by conflict and struggle for resources and power. It is not seen as a stable and orderly system based on consensus.

Question 18

According to Veblen,random consumption is the continuous public display of one's wealth and status through purchases such as expensive houses,clothing,motor vehicles,and other consumer goods.

Accepted Answer

Veblen's concept is "conspicuous consumption," not "random consumption," which refers to the public display of wealth and status through lavish spending.

Question 19

The sociological imagination helps us place personal troubles,such as losing one's job or overspending on credit cards,into a larger social context,where we can distinguish whether and how personal troubles may be related to public issues.

Accepted Answer

The sociological imagination allows us to understand how personal troubles are related to larger societal issues and how they are interconnected.

Question 20

According to the functionalist perspective,societies develop social structures (institutions)that persist because they play a part in helping society survive.These institutions include the family,education,government,religion,and the economy.

Accepted Answer

This is a basic principle of the functionalist perspective in sociology.

Quiz 1: The Sociological Perspective

Max Weber emphasized that sociology should be valuefree-research should be conducted in a scientific manner and should exclude the researcher's personal values and economic interests.

Sociology is a systematic study because sociologists apply both theoretical perspectives and research methods to examinations of social behavior.

Anomie defines a condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and a sense of purpose in society.

The conflict and functionalist perspectives focus primarily on microlevel (focusing on small groups)analysis,whereas the symbolic interactionist approaches are based on a macrolevel (examining whole societies,large-scale social structures,and social systems)analysis.

In the Marxian framework,the working class,or bourgeoisie,is composed of those who must sell their labor because they have no other means to earn a livelihood.

Social thought began to change rapidly in the seventeenth century with the scientific revolution.

According to Robert K.Merton,a manifest function of education is the transmission of knowledge and skills from one generation to the next;a latent function is the establishment of social relations and networks.

C.Wright Mills believed that the most important decisions in the United States are made largely behind the scenes by the power elite-a small clique composed of the top corporate,political,and military officials.

One of Max Weber's most useful concepts is decentralization-the process by which the modern world has come to be increasingly dominated by structures devoted to efficiency,calculability,predictability,and technological control.

A society is a large social grouping that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Urbanization is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries.

French philosopher Auguste Comte coined the term sociology to describe a new science that would engage in the study of society.

The 2,400 pairs of shoes owned by Imelda Marcos,wife of the late President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines,is an example of conspicuous consumption.

Max Weber believed that societies developed through a process of "struggle" (for existence)and "fitness" (for survival),which he referred to as the "survival of the fittest."

The awareness that helps us understand that there is a connection between losing our job and the high unemployment rate in the region in which we live is an example of the sociological imagination.

Sociologist Emile Durkheim observed that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor produce strains in society.These strains lead to a breakdown in traditional organization,values,and authority and to a dramatic increase in anomie.

According to the conflict perspective,society is a stable,orderly system.This system is characterized by societal consensus.

According to Veblen,random consumption is the continuous public display of one's wealth and status through purchases such as expensive houses,clothing,motor vehicles,and other consumer goods.

The sociological imagination helps us place personal troubles,such as losing one's job or overspending on credit cards,into a larger social context,where we can distinguish whether and how personal troubles may be related to public issues.

According to the functionalist perspective,societies develop social structures (institutions)that persist because they play a part in helping society survive.These institutions include the family,education,government,religion,and the economy.

Quiz 1: The Sociological Perspective

Max Weber emphasized that sociology should be value­free-research should be conducted in a scientific manner and should exclude the researcher's personal values and economic interests.

Sociology is a systematic study because sociologists apply both theoretical perspectives and research methods to examinations of social behavior.

Anomie defines a condition in which social control becomes ineffective as a result of the loss of shared values and a sense of purpose in society.

The conflict and functionalist perspectives focus primarily on microlevel (focusing on small groups)analysis,whereas the symbolic interactionist approaches are based on a macrolevel (examining whole societies,large-scale social structures,and social systems)analysis.

In the Marxian framework,the working class,or bourgeoisie,is composed of those who must sell their labor because they have no other means to earn a livelihood.

Social thought began to change rapidly in the seventeenth century with the scientific revolution.

According to Robert K.Merton,a manifest function of education is the transmission of knowledge and skills from one generation to the next;a latent function is the establishment of social relations and networks.

C.Wright Mills believed that the most important decisions in the United States are made largely behind the scenes by the power elite-a small clique composed of the top corporate,political,and military officials.

One of Max Weber's most useful concepts is decentralization-the process by which the modern world has come to be increasingly dominated by structures devoted to efficiency,calculability,predictability,and technological control.

A society is a large social grouping that shares the same geographical territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

Urbanization is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries.

French philosopher Auguste Comte coined the term sociology to describe a new science that would engage in the study of society.

The 2,400 pairs of shoes owned by Imelda Marcos,wife of the late President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines,is an example of conspicuous consumption.

Max Weber believed that societies developed through a process of "struggle" (for existence)and "fitness" (for survival),which he referred to as the "survival of the fittest."

The awareness that helps us understand that there is a connection between losing our job and the high unemployment rate in the region in which we live is an example of the sociological imagination.

Sociologist Emile Durkheim observed that rapid social change and a more specialized division of labor produce strains in society.These strains lead to a breakdown in traditional organization,values,and authority and to a dramatic increase in anomie.

According to the conflict perspective,society is a stable,orderly system.This system is characterized by societal consensus.

According to Veblen,random consumption is the continuous public display of one's wealth and status through purchases such as expensive houses,clothing,motor vehicles,and other consumer goods.

The sociological imagination helps us place personal troubles,such as losing one's job or overspending on credit cards,into a larger social context,where we can distinguish whether and how personal troubles may be related to public issues.

According to the functionalist perspective,societies develop social structures (institutions)that persist because they play a part in helping society survive.These institutions include the family,education,government,religion,and the economy.

Max Weber emphasized that sociology should be valuefree-research should be conducted in a scientific manner and should exclude the researcher's personal values and economic interests.