Question 1

The National Societal Association (NSA)Code of Ethics set forth certain basic standards that sociologists must follow in conducting research.

Accepted Answer

The National Societal Association (NSA) does not exist. However, the American Sociological Association (ASA) does have a Code of Ethics that sets certain basic standards that sociologists must follow in conducting research.

Question 2

Sociologists obtain their knowledge of human behavior through______________,which result(s)in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists obtain their knowledge through research which results in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society. Common sense ideas and myths can often be inaccurate and scientific laws are not applicable to the social world.

Question 3

If we use the______________approach to determine why people commit suicide,we start by formulating a theory about the "causes" of suicide and then test our theory by collecting and analyzing data (such as vital statistics on suicides).

Accepted Answer

This approach is known as the deductive approach because it involves starting with a theory or hypothesis and then testing it through data collection and analysis.

Question 4

Conventional experiments require that subjects be divided into two groups: the control group contains the subjects who are exposed to the independent variable and the experimental group who are not exposed to the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

Conventional experiments require that subjects be divided into two groups, the experimental group who are exposed to the independent variable, and the control group who are not exposed to the independent variable.

Question 5

Which approach to the theory-and-research cycle does the following sequence reflect: (1)specific observations suggest generalizations, (2)generalizations produce a tentative theory, (3)the theory is tested through the formation of hypotheses,and (4)hypotheses may provide suggestions for additional observations?

Accepted Answer

This sequence reflects the inductive approach to the theory-and-research cycle. Inductive reasoning starts with specific observations and uses them to develop generalizations and theories. These are then tested through hypotheses and new observations to refine the theory further.

Question 6

Sociologists using the______________approach to study suicide might start by simultaneously collecting and analyzing data related to suicidal behavior and then generate a theory.

Accepted Answer

The inductive approach involves collecting and analyzing empirical data to generate theories or hypotheses. This approach is often used in qualitative research, where the goal is to develop an understanding of a social phenomenon from the bottom-up. In the case of studying suicide, sociologists would gather data related to suicidal behavior and use that data to develop a theory or explanation for why some individuals are more likely to engage in suicidal behavior than others.

Question 7

A researcher wanting to investigate the moral beliefs,traditions,religious views,and customs in regards to physician-assisted suicide would use the______________approach.

Accepted Answer

The normative approach is concerned with examining values and beliefs and suggesting what should be done in a given situation. In this case, the researcher is interested in understanding the moral beliefs, traditions, religious views, and customs surrounding physician-assisted suicide, which involves examining the normative values and beliefs of different cultures and communities. Therefore, the normative approach would be the most appropriate method for this research.

Question 8

Durkheim's research on suicide documented that suicide was a large­scale social problem and not an isolated individual problem.This would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

Durkheim's research on suicide aimed to debunk the myth that suicide was solely an individual problem caused by personal characteristics or weaknesses. Instead, he argued that suicide was a social problem that could be explained by social factors such as isolation, social integration, and regulation. This supports the idea of debunking, which is the act of challenging or disproving widely held beliefs or ideas.

Question 9

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher collects information or data (facts or evidence)and then generates theories from the analysis of that data.

Accepted Answer

The inductive approach involves collecting data or evidence and then generating theories based on that analysis. This is in contrast to the deductive approach where theories are used to guide research and the collection of data. The normative and explanatory approaches are not directly related to the theory and research cycle.

Question 10

In Suicide,sociologist Emile Durkheim documented that a high suicide rate was symptomatic of a large-scale social problem.This research was in direct contradiction to the historically held notion that suicide was:

Accepted Answer

Historically, suicide was commonly viewed as a psychological illness, as if the individual was personally responsible. Durkheim's research contradicted this notion by showing that social factors, such as a lack of social integration or regulation, could also contribute to suicide rates. Therefore, D is the best answer, as it represents the commonly held historical belief that Durkheim's research contradicted.

Question 11

The______________approach uses religion,customs,habits,traditions,and law to answer important questions.It is based on strong beliefs about what is right and wrong and what "ought to be" in society.

Accepted Answer

The description in the question refers to a normative approach which is based on values and beliefs about what should be done, rather than what is actually happening. The other options (empirical, deductive, and inductive) are all based on observation and analysis of data.

Question 12

A______________is a set of logically interrelated statements that attempts to describe,explain,and (occasionally)predict social events.

Accepted Answer

A theory is a systematic group of statements that attempt to explain a phenomenon. It is an attempt to organize knowledge and to provide an explanation for social phenomena. A statement (A) is a single statement, not a set of logically interrelated statements. A commonsense approach (C) is an informal way of looking at the world without systematic analysis. A testimonial (D) is a personal endorsement of a product or service, not a set of logically interrelated statements attempting to explain social events.

Question 13

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in the subject's behavior caused by the researcher's presence or by the subject's awareness of being studied.

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne effect is a well-known phenomenon in social science research and refers to changes in the behavior of study participants due to their awareness of being observed or studied. It is named after the Hawthorne Works factory where a series of experiments on worker productivity were conducted in the 1920s and 1930s, and where the researchers first noticed this phenomenon.

Question 14

Survey work involves not only immersing oneself into the group or community that the researcher studies but also engaging in dialogue to learn more about social life through ongoing interaction with others.

Accepted Answer

Survey work typically involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews, rather than immersive or interactive methods like ethnography.

Question 15

Our own personal knowledge and experiences are enough to help us formulate accurate understandings about the world.

Accepted Answer

Our own personal knowledge and experiences are limited and can be biased, making it important to seek out additional sources of information and perspectives in order to develop accurate understandings about the world.

Question 16

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher begins with a theory and uses research to test the theory.

Accepted Answer

In the deductive approach, the researcher starts with a theory and then uses research to test that theory. The goal is to either confirm or reject the theory.

Question 17

The______________approach attempts to answer questions through systematic collection and analysis of data.This approach is referred to as the conventional model,or the "scientific method," and is based on the assumption that knowledge is best gained by direct,systematic observation.

Accepted Answer

The empirical approach refers to the systematic collection and analysis of data based on direct, systematic observation. This approach is often referred to as the scientific method and is considered the conventional model for gaining knowledge. Descriptive, normative, and explanatory approaches may also involve data collection and analysis, but they may not prioritize direct observation or systematic methods.

Question 18

In a(n)______________study of suicide,sociologists might ask: Why do African American men over age sixty-five have a significantly lower suicide rate than white males in the same age bracket?

Accepted Answer

An explanatory study would seek to examine the reasons or factors behind the observed difference in suicide rates between the two groups. descriptive studies simply describe a phenomenon, evaluative studies assess the effectiveness of interventions, and observational studies simply observe and report on a situation without attempting to explain it.

Question 19

A trademark of sociology involves the unmasking of fallacies in the everyday and official interpretations of society.This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Debunking involves the critical analysis of popular or official beliefs to reveal their inaccuracies or myths. This process is often used by sociologists to expose societal beliefs or practices that perpetuate inequality or injustice.

Question 20

A researcher attempting to study physician assisted suicide through the systematic collection and analysis of data would use the______________approach.

Accepted Answer

The empirical approach involves gathering data through observation and experimentation, and then analyzing it systematically to draw conclusions. This approach is best suited for studying physician assisted suicide in a scientific and objective manner. The researcher can collect data on the prevalence, types, and outcomes of assisted suicide, as well as the factors that influence the decision-making process of physicians and patients. By analyzing this data, the researcher can develop a better understanding of a complex and controversial issue. The other approaches listed (explanatory, normative, and descriptive) are less appropriate for this type of research because they focus on different aspects of the issue (i.e. explaining the causes, providing moral judgments, or describing the phenomenon without analyzing it).

Quiz 2: Sociological Research Methods

The National Societal Association (NSA)Code of Ethics set forth certain basic standards that sociologists must follow in conducting research.

Sociologists obtain their knowledge of human behavior through______________,which result(s) in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society.

If we use the______________approach to determine why people commit suicide,we start by formulating a theory about the "causes" of suicide and then test our theory by collecting and analyzing data (such as vital statistics on suicides) .

Conventional experiments require that subjects be divided into two groups: the control group contains the subjects who are exposed to the independent variable and the experimental group who are not exposed to the independent variable.

Sociologists using the______________approach to study suicide might start by simultaneously collecting and analyzing data related to suicidal behavior and then generate a theory.

A researcher wanting to investigate the moral beliefs,traditions,religious views,and customs in regards to physician-assisted suicide would use the______________approach.

Durkheim's research on suicide documented that suicide was a largescale social problem and not an isolated individual problem.This would be an example of:

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher collects information or data (facts or evidence) and then generates theories from the analysis of that data.

In Suicide,sociologist Emile Durkheim documented that a high suicide rate was symptomatic of a large-scale social problem.This research was in direct contradiction to the historically held notion that suicide was:

The______________approach uses religion,customs,habits,traditions,and law to answer important questions.It is based on strong beliefs about what is right and wrong and what "ought to be" in society.

A______________is a set of logically interrelated statements that attempts to describe,explain,and (occasionally) predict social events.

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in the subject's behavior caused by the researcher's presence or by the subject's awareness of being studied.

Survey work involves not only immersing oneself into the group or community that the researcher studies but also engaging in dialogue to learn more about social life through ongoing interaction with others.

Our own personal knowledge and experiences are enough to help us formulate accurate understandings about the world.

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher begins with a theory and uses research to test the theory.

The______________approach attempts to answer questions through systematic collection and analysis of data.This approach is referred to as the conventional model,or the "scientific method," and is based on the assumption that knowledge is best gained by direct,systematic observation.

In a(n) ______________study of suicide,sociologists might ask: Why do African American men over age sixty-five have a significantly lower suicide rate than white males in the same age bracket?

A trademark of sociology involves the unmasking of fallacies in the everyday and official interpretations of society.This process is called:

A researcher attempting to study physician assisted suicide through the systematic collection and analysis of data would use the______________approach.

Quiz 2: Sociological Research Methods

The National Societal Association (NSA)Code of Ethics set forth certain basic standards that sociologists must follow in conducting research.

Sociologists obtain their knowledge of human behavior through______________,which result(s) in a body of information that helps us move beyond guesswork and common sense in understanding society.

If we use the______________approach to determine why people commit suicide,we start by formulating a theory about the "causes" of suicide and then test our theory by collecting and analyzing data (such as vital statistics on suicides) .

Conventional experiments require that subjects be divided into two groups: the control group contains the subjects who are exposed to the independent variable and the experimental group who are not exposed to the independent variable.

Sociologists using the______________approach to study suicide might start by simultaneously collecting and analyzing data related to suicidal behavior and then generate a theory.

A researcher wanting to investigate the moral beliefs,traditions,religious views,and customs in regards to physician-assisted suicide would use the______________approach.

Durkheim's research on suicide documented that suicide was a large­scale social problem and not an isolated individual problem.This would be an example of:

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher collects information or data (facts or evidence) and then generates theories from the analysis of that data.

In Suicide,sociologist Emile Durkheim documented that a high suicide rate was symptomatic of a large-scale social problem.This research was in direct contradiction to the historically held notion that suicide was:

The______________approach uses religion,customs,habits,traditions,and law to answer important questions.It is based on strong beliefs about what is right and wrong and what "ought to be" in society.

A______________is a set of logically interrelated statements that attempts to describe,explain,and (occasionally) predict social events.

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in the subject's behavior caused by the researcher's presence or by the subject's awareness of being studied.

Survey work involves not only immersing oneself into the group or community that the researcher studies but also engaging in dialogue to learn more about social life through ongoing interaction with others.

Our own personal knowledge and experiences are enough to help us formulate accurate understandings about the world.

The relationship between theory and research has been referred to as a continuous cycle.The theory and research cycle consists of two approaches.In the______________approach,the researcher begins with a theory and uses research to test the theory.

The______________approach attempts to answer questions through systematic collection and analysis of data.This approach is referred to as the conventional model,or the "scientific method," and is based on the assumption that knowledge is best gained by direct,systematic observation.

In a(n) ______________study of suicide,sociologists might ask: Why do African American men over age sixty-five have a significantly lower suicide rate than white males in the same age bracket?

A trademark of sociology involves the unmasking of fallacies in the everyday and official interpretations of society.This process is called:

A researcher attempting to study physician assisted suicide through the systematic collection and analysis of data would use the______________approach.

Durkheim's research on suicide documented that suicide was a largescale social problem and not an isolated individual problem.This would be an example of: