Which of the Following Problems Would Indicate That a Manager

Which of the following problems would indicate that a manager failed to apply the basic concepts of expectancy theory?

A) Employees are frustrated because they have no say in their organization's goals and objectives
B) Some of the organization's employees reduce their effort because feel that they are being treated unfairly compared to other employees
C) Employees are unwilling to work toward achieving an important goal because they believe the reward offered is not sufficient to justify the effort
D) Employees are confused and frustrated because managers do not provide them with adequate feedback about their job performance