Question 1

Julienne and Norene are two mothers who have just had a HOME inventory completed.The researchers assigned a much higher score in their assessment of Julienne's home.Based on this information,what would you predict for the children's IQ scores,all other things being equal?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that a stimulating home environment, which is reflected in a higher HOME inventory score, is associated with higher IQ scores in children. Therefore, Julienne's children are more likely to have higher IQ scores than Norene's children. It is not stated that the homes are in similar neighborhoods, so we cannot assume that the children's IQ scores will be similar. The information given does not allow us to make a prediction about the children's social adjustment.

Question 2

Based on current research,which statement is the most valid conclusion regarding the relationship between IQ and occupational status or success?

Accepted Answer

Current research suggests that while IQ may be a predictor of occupational success to some extent, prior job performance and motivation are often stronger predictors. Additionally, there is evidence that high-IQ individuals may be employed in a variety of jobs, including some that may be considered low-status. Therefore, option D is the most valid conclusion based on current research.

Question 3

Which statement best summarizes the results of recent research regarding group differences in IQ obtained by the use of traditional tests?

Accepted Answer

Recent research has suggested that while biases in the content of intelligence tests may play a role in group differences in IQ scores, they are not solely responsible for these differences. Other factors, such as differences in life experiences and cultural backgrounds, may also contribute to group differences in IQ scores.

Question 4

Which statement best summarizes the research findings regarding the correlation between home environment and IQ?

Accepted Answer

Research findings suggest that after age 4, the quality of the home environment predicts a child's IQ better than a mother's IQ. However, this does not mean that the home environment is the only factor that contributes to a child's IQ. Other factors such as genetics and external factors may also play a role.

Question 5

Carmen's parents have always taken an interest in her intellectual accomplishments,and they urge her to do the best she can in school.Her parents have a flexible parenting style that is not overly strict,yet not overly permissive.Based on the research of McCall and colleagues,what might you expect about the stability of Carmen's IQ score?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carmen's parents have always taken an interest...

Question 6

Which of the following best characterizes the long-term outcome of individuals that were characterized as gifted in Terman's longitudinal study of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Terman's longitudinal study found that individuals who were characterized as gifted had high productivity in their chosen occupations and achieved many significant accomplishments throughout their lives. There was no evidence to suggest a higher rate of ill health, alcoholism, delinquency, or suicide, and there was no evidence of a decline in intellectual achievement over time.

Question 7

Although all of the HOME subscales are moderately correlated with children's IQ scores,some are better predictors of intellectual performance than others.Which two scales seem to be strong predictors of future scholastic achievement?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although all of the HOME subscales are...

Question 8

According to the cumulative-deficit hypothesis,how do impoverished environments affect intellectual growth?

Accepted Answer

The cumulative-deficit hypothesis proposes that impoverished environments inhibit intellectual growth and that these inhibiting effects accumulate over time. This means that the longer a child is exposed to an impoverished environment, the greater the negative impact on their intellectual growth.

Question 9

Karlene wants to provide the best home environment she can for her newborn son to maximize his intellectual potential.Based on current research findings,which of the following would you recommend that Karlene should do to reach her goal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Karlene wants to provide the best home...

Question 10

Several studies have examined the relationship between IQ and social class,race,and ethnic background.What conclusion has been drawn from these studies?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that there is considerable overlap in the IQ distributions of African-American and European-American children, meaning that there is no significant difference in intelligence between the two groups. While there may be some variations in IQ scores among different racial and ethnic groups, it is not accurate to predict future intelligence or accomplishments based solely on race or ethnicity. Therefore, Option A and D are incorrect. Option B is also inaccurate as there have been racial and ethnic differences found in IQ scores, although the variation is not significant enough to make broad generalizations.

Question 11

In Arthur Jensen's classification scheme of intellectual abilities,what do Level I abilities include?

Accepted Answer

Level I abilities in Arthur Jensen's classification scheme of intellectual abilities include attentional processes, short-term memory, and associative skills. Abstract reasoning and manipulation of concepts and symbols are Level II abilities, while Level III abilities include metacognitive processes such as planning, monitoring, and evaluating. Acquired knowledge falls under content knowledge, which is not part of Jensen's classification scheme.

Question 12

Suppose that a previously disadvantaged child has been placed into a loving adoptive home.The adoptive parents provide an enriching environment.Based upon the cumulative deficit hypothesis,which effect will the transition have on the child's IQ?

Accepted Answer

The cumulative deficit hypothesis suggests that children who have experienced early disadvantages may have slower cognitive development than their peers. However, a loving and enriching adoptive home can provide the necessary stimulation and support to improve cognitive development. Initially, the effect is likely to be positive and may even bring the child's IQ into the normal or above-normal range.

Question 13

According to Klineberg's cumulative deficit hypothesis,what can be predicted about the intellectual deficits of children who are raised in impoverished environments?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Klineberg's cumulative deficit hypothesis,what can...

Question 14

Which of the following is the best predictor of whether or not a child will succeed in an academic setting?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the best...

Question 15

Which of the following traits would you be most accurate in predicting if you were to use IQ scores?

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are most commonly used to predict academic achievement, such as standardized test scores and overall academic performance. While they may have some correlation with other traits such as employment status and psychological adjustment, academic achievement is the most accurate predictor. Life satisfaction is not typically measured or predicted by IQ scores.

Question 16

Which of the following is a better predictor of academic achievement than an IQ score?

Accepted Answer

Previous school grades are a better predictor of academic achievement than an IQ score. This is because grades reflect a student's actual performance in previous academic situations, whereas an IQ score only measures potential intellectual ability. Additionally, grades may also reflect non-academic skills such as work ethic and time management, which are important for academic success.

Question 17

Which statement best characterizes the abilities of children who have IQ scores of 55 to 70 on the Wechsler scales?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement best characterizes the abilities of...

Question 18

Steele and his colleagues found that African-American adolescents performed poorly when they thought their abilities would be assessed,but performed as well as their European-American peers when the same test was presented as a nonevaluative exercise.Based on this result,what can be concluded with respect to cultural biases in IQ testing?

Accepted Answer

The study conducted by Steele and his colleagues suggests that a stereotype threat can influence performance in testing situations, as African-American adolescents performed poorly when they believed their abilities would be evaluated. However, they performed as well as their European-American peers when the same test was presented as a nonevaluative exercise. This implies that cultural biases in IQ testing may play a role in racial and ethnic group differences in test scores.

Question 19

In comparison to their less intelligent peers,which of the following best characterizes the developmental outcome of the gifted children in Terman's study?

Accepted Answer

Terman's study found that gifted children had more successful emotional adjustment compared to their less intelligent peers, as well as higher levels of life satisfaction and overall well-being. There was no evidence of severe psychological instability or difficulty in establishing relationships.

Question 20

According to Scarr and McCartney,what is the main reason that identical twins continue to have similar IQ scores throughout life whereas the resemblance between fraternal twins decreases with time?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Scarr and McCartney,what is the...

Quiz 10: Intelligence