Question 1

In Kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning,the conventional level is characterized by self-chosen ethical principles that reflect the person's respect for ideals such as nonviolence, equality, and democratically determined laws.

Accepted Answer

The conventional level of moral reasoning is actually characterized by conformity to social norms and expectations. It is the postconventional level that is characterized by self-chosen ethical principles.

Question 2

Important limitations of Kohlberg's theory are that moralreasoning doesn't always predict moral behavior, and people don't necessarily respond to real-life dilemmas as they do to hypothetical dilemmas.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's theory has been criticized for not being able to fully explain the gap between moral reasoning and behavior. In addition, individuals may not respond the same way in real-life ethical dilemmas as they do in hypothetical situations presented in research studies.

Question 3

The postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is characterized by moral reasoning that is guidedby internalized legal and moral principles concerned with the protection of the rights of all members of society.

Accepted Answer

The postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is indeed characterized by internalized legal and moral principles that prioritize the protection of the rights and welfare of all members of society. This level of moral reasoning goes beyond mere obedience to rules and laws and emphasizes a commitment to justice and the common good.

Question 4

Lila likes helping her teacher with classroom chores, and enjoys the praise she gets for being a good student and forfollowing the rules. Kohlberg would say that Lila is operating at the conventional level of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, individuals at the conventional level operate based on conforming to social norms and expectations. Lila's enjoyment of following rules and receiving praise aligns with this level of reasoning.

Question 5

In Kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning,the postconventional level is characterized by moral reasoning guided by conformity to social roles, rules, obligations, andexpectations.

Accepted Answer

The postconventional level is actually characterized by moral reasoning guided by individual principles of justice, equality, and human rights, rather than conformity to social roles and expectations.

Question 6

Placido always drives at the posted speed limit because the speeding laws were established by the authorities and shouldbe obeyed. In terms of Kohlberg's theory, Placido is at the postconventional level of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Placido is at the conventional level of moral reasoning, as he follows rules and laws because they are established by authorities and should be obeyed.

Question 7

Kohlberg and his colleagues eventually dropped stage 6 fromhis theory of moral reasoning because longitudinal research showed that none of the participants showed stage 6 moral reasoning, and that clear-cut expressions of "universal moral principles" are very rare.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Kohlberg and his colleagues did eventually drop stage 6 from their theory of moral reasoning due to the lack of evidence that anyone actually demonstrated it.

Question 8

Moral reasoning at the postconventional level of Kohlberg'stheory is characterized by the idea that "right" is being a"good" person and that conforming to social expectations and following rules set by others will win their approval.

Accepted Answer

Moral reasoning at the postconventional level of Kohlberg's theory is actually characterized by a belief in universal ethical principles and individual conscience, rather than simply conforming to social norms and seeking approval from others.

Question 9

The theorist who proposed that the development of moral reasoning involves distinct stages that unfold in an age-related,step-by-step fashion is Lawrence Kohlberg.

Accepted Answer

This is the correct statement. Lawrence Kohlberg proposed the theory of moral development, which states that individuals move through distinct stages of moral reasoning in a sequential manner as they mature.

Question 10

Moral reasoning is defined as the aspect of cognitive development that has to do with how an individual reasons about moral decisions.

Accepted Answer

Moral reasoning refers to the cognitive process of determining right from wrong or good from bad.

Question 11

Kyle is 8 years old. When playing games with his classmates,he believes that they should all obey the rules of the games sothat it is fair for everyone. Kyle is in the preconventional stage of Kohlberg's moral development model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kyle is 8 years old. When playing...

Question 12

Carol Gilligan's main criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is that it reflects a male perspective that may not accurately depict the development of moral reasoning inwomen.

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's theory of moral development was based on research primarily conducted on boys and men, and that it did not accurately reflect the experiences and moral reasoning of women. She proposed that women's moral development may be more focused on caring for others and relationships, rather than abstract principles and rights, which are emphasized in Kohlberg's stages of development.

Question 13

Each level in Kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning is based on the degree to which a person conforms to conventional standards of society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each level in Kohlberg's theory of the...

Question 14

Punishment and obedience are to the conventional level as legal principles are to the postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Punishment and obedience are to the conventional...

Question 15

In Kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning,the pre conventional level is characterized by moral reasoning based on self-interest and on avoiding punishment and maximizing personal gain.

Accepted Answer

The pre conventional level of moral reasoning is the first stage in Kohlberg's theory and is focused on self-interest and avoiding punishment. Children and individuals at this level view right and wrong as being determined by what benefits themselves or avoids negative consequences.

Question 16

When 8-year-old Jack is asked by his mother to tidy up hisroom and put his toys away, he does so because he knows that she will stop nagging. Kohlberg would say that Jack is operating at the preconventional level of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning is characterized by a focus on obeying rules to avoid punishment or gain rewards. In this scenario, Jack's motivation for tidying his room is to avoid his mother's nagging, which can be seen as a form of punishment. Therefore, his reasoning aligns with the preconventional level.

Question 17

Lawrence Kohlberg is best known for his research withinfants, showing that they develop event-specific expectations rather than general principles, and that object permanence emerges at an earlier age than believed.

Accepted Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg is actually best known for his research on moral development and the stages of moral reasoning.

Question 18

Carol Gilligan's theory of moral development stressed the importance of the ethic of care and responsibility in women.

Accepted Answer

Carol Gilligan's theory of moral development argues that women tend to emphasize the ethic of care and responsibility, rather than the justice-focused approach typically associated with men, in making moral decisions.

Question 19

The three distinct levels of moral reasoning that Kohlberg proposed are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg proposed three distinct levels of moral reasoning: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.

Question 20

Law and order are to the conventional level as universal moral principles are to the postconventional level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development.

Accepted Answer

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, law and order represent the conventional level, while universal moral principles represent the postconventional level. Therefore, the statement is true.

Quiz 9: Lifespan Development