Question 1

In Milgram's obedience studies, each time the learner made a mistake, the teacher was supposed to increase the punishment shock to the next highest voltage level.

Accepted Answer

This is correct. The teacher was instructed to increase the voltage level each time the learner made a mistake or gave an incorrect answer.

Question 2

In Stanley Milgram's original obedience experiment, two-thirds of the subjects-26 of the 40 subjects-went to the full 450-voltlevel.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's original obedience experiment, 26 out of 40 subjects (or two-thirds) went all the way to the maximum 450-volt level.

Question 3

Psychologist Stanley Milgram was interested in answering the question of why people sometimes help others in need and why,on other occasions, they refuse to help.

Accepted Answer

Stanley Milgram's research focused on obedience to authority, not specifically on helping behavior.

Question 4

Stanley Milgram asked psychiatrists, college students, andmiddle-class adults to predict how the subjects would b ehave inthe experimental situation. Of the three groups, only the college students correctly predicted how most of the subjects would behave in the experimental situation.

Accepted Answer

The college students, like the other groups, incorrectly predicted that very few subjects would administer the highest shock level in Milgram's obedience experiment.

Question 5

In collectivistic cultures, it is generally considered a violation of social norms to publicly disagree with or challenge the judgment of members of one's in-group.

Accepted Answer

In collectivistic cultures, maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict within the group is highly valued, and publicly challenging a group member's judgment can be seen as causing disruption and undermining group cohesion. Therefore, it is often discouraged or even considered taboo to openly disagree with or challenge the opinions of one's in-group.

Question 6

In Milgram's original obedience study, when the two volunteer participants arrived at the lab they were randomly assigned totheir respective roles as either the "teacher" or the "learner."

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's study, the roles were not randomly assigned. The "learner" was always a confederate, and the "teacher" was the actual participant.

Question 7

One of the key factors that contributed to the destructive obedience seen in Stanley Milgram's original experiment was that the subjects arrived at the lab with the mental expectation that they would obey the person in charge.

Accepted Answer

Milgram himself noted that many of the subjects in his experiment arrived with the expectation that they would obey the person in charge, such as the experimenter or authority figure. This expectation may have been reinforced by social norms and values, as well as by the particular setting and context of the experiment.

Question 8

In a follow-up questionnaire, more than half of the participantsin Milgram's obedience experiments reported that they were"sorry to have been in the experiment" because they felt badly about having inflicted so much pain on the learner.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a follow-up questionnaire, more than half...

Question 9

In Stanley Milgram's original obedience experiment, none ofthe subjects stopped shocking the learner before the 300-voltl evel.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's original experiment, 65% of the subjects continued shocking the learner to the maximum 450-volt level.

Question 10

In Milgram's original obedience study, the learner first expressed pain or discomfort at the 45-volt level.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's original obedience study, the learner first expressed pain or discomfort at the 75-volt level.

Question 11

In Milgram's original obedience study, the only person who gota real electric shock was the "teacher," who was administered a sample electric shock of 45 volts.

Accepted Answer

This is true. In Milgram's original obedience study, the "teacher" was administered a sample electric shock of 45 volts to give them a sense of what the shock would feel like to the "learner." However, the "learner" was not actually shocked and only pretended to receive electric shocks when they made mistakes on the task.

Question 12

In comparison to the male participants, the female participantsin Milgram's obedience studies were much more likely to obey the experimenter and continue to deliver high levels of electric shock to the learner.

Accepted Answer

Milgram's obedience studies found no significant difference in obedience levels between male and female participants. Both genders were equally likely to follow the experimenter's instructions.

Question 13

As a general rule, conformity is higher in collectivistic cultures than it is in individualistic cultures.

Accepted Answer

In collectivistic cultures, the emphasis is on group harmony and conformity to social norms, whereas in individualistic cultures, the emphasis is on personal freedom and self-expression. Therefore, conformity tends to be higher in collectivistic cultures.

Question 14

In Milgram's original obedience study, the subject was debriefed at the end of the experiment, and the true purpose of the study was explained.

Accepted Answer

Milgram provided a debriefing session at the end of the experiment to explain the true nature of the study and to ensure the well-being of the participants.

Question 15

In Stanley Milgram's original study, almost all of the subjects refused to continue with the experiment upon reaching the 330-volt level.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's original study, about two-thirds of the subjects continued to the highest shock level of 450 volts, despite expressing discomfort and distress.

Question 16

One factor that contributed to the obedience displayed in Milgram's experiments was that the level of the shocks, and the learner's protests, escalated gradually.

Accepted Answer

Milgram's experiments gradually increased the level of shocks administered to the learner, and also had the learner's protests escalate gradually in order to test the participant's willingness to continue obeying.

Question 17

A key factor that influenced some subjects to continue obeying the experimenter's orders in Milgram's obedience study was the situation, or context, in which the obedience occurred.

Accepted Answer

The situation or context of the obedience, such as the perceived authority of the experimenter and the presence of other participants, played a significant role in influencing subjects to continue obeying in Milgram's obedience study.

Question 18

In Milgram's original obedience experiment, the fact that the teacher and the learner were not in the same room and could not see each other was one of the key factors that influenced the subject to continue obeying the experimenter's orders.

Accepted Answer

This is correct. Since the teacher and the learner were not in the same room, the teacher could not see the learner's reactions to the shocks and was more likely to rely on the authority figure's instructions rather than their own moral judgement.

Question 19

In a replication of Milgram's obedience study using female subjects, almost all of the women defied the experimenter and stopped shocking the learner when he first screamed at the 150-volt level.

Accepted Answer

Milgram's obedience study and its replications, including those with female subjects, generally found high levels of obedience, with many participants continuing to administer shocks despite the learner's protests.

Question 20

The subjects assigned to the role of "teacher" in Milgram'soriginal obedience study showed very little emotion or concern for the obvious pain they inflicted on the learner when they administered intense electric shocks.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's original obedience study, many "teachers" showed signs of stress, discomfort, and concern for the "learner," despite continuing to administer shocks under the experimenter's orders.

Quiz 12: Stress Health and Coping