Question 1

Piaget claimed that an adolescent's overly optimistic idealism about the world is due to ____ during the formal operations stage.

Accepted Answer

Piaget attributed the overly optimistic idealism of adolescents to egocentrism during the formal operations stage, where they can think abstractly but may still focus on themselves and their own perspectives, leading to idealistic views of the world.

Question 2

Olivia understands why 3/5 and 9/15 are equivalent fractions.Based on this information, Olivia is probably in Piaget's _______ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Olivia understands why 3/5 and 9/15 are...

Question 3

Which one of the following statements shows transductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Transductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that makes specific inferences from one specific instance to another, often without a logical basis. Statement B ("It snows in the wintertime because it's Christmas.") exemplifies this by linking snowfall directly to the occurrence of Christmas, a specific event, rather than understanding the broader climatic reasons for snow in winter.

Question 4

At which one of Piaget's stages will you first see the following behaviour: Lorne can correctly answer the question, "If all flegs are blats, and if all blats are dulms, are all flegs also dulms?"

Accepted Answer

This type of logical reasoning and understanding of transitive inference ("If A=B and B=C, then A=C") typically emerges during the Formal Operational stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which begins around age 12 and continues into adulthood.

Question 5

According to your textbook, formal operational egocentrism is:

Accepted Answer

Formal operational egocentrism, as defined in developmental psychology, refers to the stage where adolescents might struggle to differentiate their own abstract thoughts from those of others, often assuming that others share the same thoughts or experiences. This is part of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 6

Considering Piaget's theory of cognitive development, we would expect a student in the concrete operational stage to have the greatest difficulty with which one of the following questions?

Accepted Answer

The concrete operational stage (ages 7-12) is characterized by the development of logical thought concerning concrete objects but struggles with abstract concepts. Question A involves proportional reasoning, a more abstract concept that can be challenging for children in this stage.

Question 7

Vranda agrees with this logic: If all violins are musical instruments,
And if all musical instruments make noise,
Then all violins must make noise.
However, we then present this situation:
If all Cheetos are rutabagas,
And if all rutabagas are oysters,
Then all Cheetos are oysters.
Vranda vehemently denies that Cheetos can possibly be oysters.Based on this information, we would conclude that Vranda is in the ______ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

Vranda's acceptance of the first logic but denial of the second suggests she is in the concrete operational stage, where she can understand logical relationships but struggles with abstract or hypothetical scenarios.

Question 8

From the perspective of Piaget's theory, why is language critical for children's cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Language is critical in Piaget's theory because it facilitates symbolic thinking, allowing children to think about objects and concepts even when those things are not physically present. This ability is a cornerstone of cognitive development, enabling more complex thought processes.

Question 9

An example of Piaget's multiple classification is:

Accepted Answer

Piaget's concept of multiple classification involves understanding that an object can belong to more than one category at the same time. In this case, recognizing that cars are a specific type of vehicle demonstrates the ability to classify objects into multiple, overlapping categories.

Question 10

One thing that children in Piaget's formal operations stage can do that children in the concrete operations stage cannot is:

Accepted Answer

Children in Piaget's formal operations stage, which typically begins around age 11, are able to reason logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations. This is a key distinction from the concrete operations stage, where children are more focused on tangible, physical objects and their direct manipulation.

Question 11

Ms.Raman, a fourth-grade teacher, asks her students to write a list of the ways that they could use a pencil that don't involve writing or drawing.What kind of response is Ms.Raman likely trying to get from her students?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ms.Raman, a fourth-grade teacher, asks her students...

Question 12

According to newer research on cognitive development, which of the following statements is true regarding Piaget's interpretations?

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of infants and preschoolers, indicating that they possess more advanced mental capacities than he originally proposed.

Question 13

Three of the following statements are in line with Piaget's explanation of why mathematical abilities improve with the development of formal operations.Which one is not?

Accepted Answer

Piaget's theory of cognitive development, particularly the stage of formal operations, emphasizes the ability to think abstractly, understand hypothetical concepts, and employ logical reasoning. Abstract word problems, understanding of concepts like negative numbers, and proportional reasoning are all abilities that improve as children enter this stage, typically around age 11 or older. Sequential reasoning, however, is not specifically highlighted by Piaget as a skill that develops due to the onset of formal operations. Sequential reasoning, or the ability to follow a sequence of events or steps, is a skill that develops earlier, during the concrete operational stage.

Question 14

Which one of the following children shows signs that he or she is in Piaget's preoperational stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

In the preoperational stage, children experience rapid language development, which aligns with Jenny learning hundreds of new words and phrases.

Question 15

James is talking about how much better the world would be if everyone got along with everyone else.James is probably in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

James is likely in the formal operations stage of development, as this stage involves abstract thinking and considering hypothetical situations, such as imagining a world where everyone gets along. This stage typically begins around age 11 and continues into adulthood.

Question 16

Piaget spoke of egocentrism in both the thought and speech of the preoperational child.Three of the following are examples of egocentrism as Piaget defined it.Which one is not?

Accepted Answer

Egocentrism, as defined by Piaget, refers to the inability of children in the preoperational stage to see things from perspectives other than their own. Choices B, C, and D illustrate this inability to consider others' viewpoints or feelings. Choice A, involving grabbing objects, is more indicative of a lack of understanding of social norms or possessiveness rather than egocentrism in the cognitive or empathetic sense Piaget described.

Question 17

Which one of the following is associated with Piaget's concrete operations stage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following is associated...

Question 18

Linda's teacher shows her a small ball of clay.He then squashes the ball so it looks like a pancake and asks Linda which has more clay, the ball or the pancake.Linda replies that they both have the same amount."How do you know?" asks her teacher."Look," says Linda, "I can roll the pancake back into the same ball it was before." Linda's response shows:

Accepted Answer

Linda's understanding that the clay can be reshaped from a pancake back into a ball without changing the amount of clay demonstrates reversibility, a concept from Piaget's theory of cognitive development. This concept refers to the understanding that objects can be changed and then returned to their original form or condition.

Question 19

Mary Jane is given her choice of two Hershey bars, one of which has been broken into four pieces.She chooses the broken candy bar, believing that it has more candy.Mary Jane is showing a lack of _______, indicating that she has not yet completed the transition to the _________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

Mary Jane's choice reflects a lack of understanding of conservation, the principle that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or appearance. This indicates she has not yet reached the concrete operations stage of development, typically developed between ages 7 and 11, according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 20

Three of the following demonstrate the differences between concrete operational and formal operational thought.Which of the following does not?

Accepted Answer

Sequential reasoning is a skill that develops during the concrete operational stage, not a difference between concrete and formal operational stages.

Quiz 2: Cognitive and Linguistic Development