Question 1

A proton (+1.6 * 10^-19C) moves 10 cm along the direction of an electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.The electrical potential difference between the proton's initial and ending points is: A)4.8 * 10^-19 V. B)0.30 V. C)0.033 V. D)30 V.

Accepted Answer

Electric potential difference (V) = Electric field strength (E) × Distance (d)

V = E × d

Here, 
E = 3.0 N/C (given) 
d = 10 cm = 0.1 m (given)

Therefore,

V = 3.0 N/C × 0.1 m 
V = 0.30 V

So, the answer is option B.

Question 2

An electron with velocity v = 1.0 * 10⁶ m/s is sent between the plates of a capacitor where the electric field is E = 500 V/m.If the distance the electron travels through the field is 1.0 cm, how far is it deviated (Y) in its path when it emerges from the electric field? (m_e = 9.1 * 10^-31 kg, e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C) A)2.2 mm B)4.4 mm C)2.2 cm D)4.4 cm

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

If the distance between two isolated parallel plates that are oppositely charged is doubled, the electric field between the plates is essentially unchanged.However, the:
A)potential difference between the plates will double.
B)charge on each plate will double.
C)force on a charged particle halfway between the plates will get twice as small.
D)force on a charged particle halfway between the plates will get four times as small.

Accepted Answer

This is because the electric field strength between the plates is given by E = V/d, where V is the potential difference between the plates and d is the distance between them. Since the distance is doubled and the electric field is unchanged, the potential difference between the plates must double.

Question 4

An ion is released from rest and moves due to the force from an electric field from a position in the field having a potential of 14 V to a position having a potential of 8 V.The ion:
A)must have a positive charge.
B)must have a negative charge.
C)can have either a positive or a negative charge.
D)must be neutral.

Accepted Answer

The ion moves from higher potential to lower potential, which means it is moving in the direction of the electric field. Positive charges are attracted to regions of lower potential, so the ion must have a positive charge.

Question 5

An electron is released from rest at the negative plate of a parallel-plate capacitor.If the distance across the plate is 5.0 mm and the potential difference across the plate is 5.0 V, with what velocity does the electron hit the positive plate? (m_e = 9.1 * 10^-31 kg, e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C) A)2.6 * 10⁵ m/s B)5.3 * 10⁶ m/s C)1.0 * 10⁶ m/s D)1.3 * 10⁶ m/s

Accepted Answer

The potential energy difference between the plates is given by $\Delta U=q\Delta V$, where $q$ is the charge on the electron and $\Delta V$ is the potential difference across the plates. Thus, the initial potential energy of the electron is $U_i=-1.6	imes 10^{-19}	ext{ C}	imes 5	ext{ V}=-8	imes 10^{-19}	ext{ J}$. By conservation of energy, this energy is all converted into kinetic energy when the electron reaches the positive plate. Thus, $U_i=\frac{1}{2}mv_f^2$, where $m$ is the mass of the electron and $v_f$ is the final velocity of the electron. Solving for $v_f$ gives $v_f=\sqrt{\frac{2U_i}{m}}=\sqrt{\frac{2	imes 8	imes 10^{-19}	ext{ J}}{9.1	imes 10^{-31}	ext{ kg}}}\approx 1.3	imes 10^6	ext{ m/s}=1.3	imes 10^{16}	ext{ cm/s}$. The correct answer is therefore (D).

Question 6

The quantity of electrical potential, the volt, is dimensionally equivalent to:
A)force/charge.
B)force * charge.
C)electric field * distance.
D)electric field/distance.

Accepted Answer

The volt is defined as the potential difference across a conductor when a current of one ampere dissipates one watt of power. It can also be expressed as the product of electric field (E) and distance (d), hence dimensionally equivalent to electric field times distance.

Question 7

A uniform electric field, with a magnitude of 600 N/C, is directed parallel to the positive x-axis. If the potential at x = 3.0 m is 1 000 V, what is the change in potential energy of a proton as it moves from x = 3.0 m to x = 1.0 m? (q_p = 1.6 * 10^-19 C) A)8.0 * 10^-17 J B)1.9 * 10^-16 J C)0.80 * 10^-21 J D)500 J

Accepted Answer

The change in potential energy of a proton is given by:
ΔPE = qΔV
where q is the charge of the proton and ΔV is the change in potential.

The charge of a proton is given as:
q = 1.6 * 10^-19 C

The change in potential is given by:
ΔV = Vf - Vi
where Vf is the final potential (at x = 1.0 m) and Vi is the initial potential (at x = 3.0 m).

Vf = Vi - EΔx
where E is the electric field strength and Δx is the distance the proton moves in the electric field.

E = 600 N/C
Δx = 3.0 m - 1.0 m = 2.0 m

Substituting the values:
Vf = 1 000 V - (600 N/C)(2.0 m) = -200 V
(Note that the negative sign indicates that the potential is decreasing in the direction of the electric field)

ΔV = (-200 V) - (1 000 V) = -1 200 V

Substituting the values in the formula for ΔPE:
ΔPE = (1.6 * 10^-19 C)(-1 200 V) = -1.92 * 10^-16 J

Since the question asks for the change in potential energy (not the absolute value), the answer is:
ΔPE = 1.9 * 10^-16 J ≈ 1.9 * 10^-16 J, which corresponds to choice B.

Question 8

If an electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 1 200 V, find its approximate velocity at the end of this process.(e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C; m_e = 9.1 * 10^-31 kg) A)1.0 * 10⁷ m/s B)1.4 * 10⁷ m/s C)2.1 * 10⁷ m/s D)2.5 * 10⁷m/s

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an electron is accelerated from rest...

Question 9

A proton (+1.6 * 10^-19 C) moves 10 cm on a path in the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the proton by the electrical field? A)4.8 * 10^-20 J B)-4.8 * 10^-20 J C)1.6 * 10^-20 J D)zero

Accepted Answer

The answer of A proton (+1.6 * 10^-19 C) moves...

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics are held in common by both gravitational and electrostatic forces when dealing with either point masses or charges?
A)inverse square distance law applies
B)forces are conservative
C)potential energy is a function of distance of separation
D)all of the above choices are valid

Accepted Answer

Both gravitational and electrostatic forces obey the inverse square distance law, are conservative, and have potential energy as a function of distance of separation. Therefore, all of the above choices are valid.

Question 11

The unit of electrical potential, the volt, is dimensionally equivalent to:
A)J*C.
B)J/C.
C)C/J.
D)F*C.

Accepted Answer

The volt is defined as the amount of electrical potential energy that is exerted when a charge of 1 coulomb moves through an electrical potential difference of 1 volt. Therefore, the unit of the volt is equivalent to Joules per Coulomb (J/C), since it is a measure of the amount of energy per unit charge. Choice A and D are not valid dimensional equivalents of the volt, as they include units of force (F) which are not present in the definition of the volt. Choice C is also not valid, as it includes units of charge per energy which are not in agreement with the definition of the volt.

Question 12

A 9.0-V battery is connected between two parallel metal plates 4.0 mm apart.What is the magnitude of the electric field between the plates? A)2.3 * 10³ N/C B)9.0 N/C C)2.3 N/C D)0.75 * 10^-6 N/C

Accepted Answer

The electric field between the plates can be calculated using the formula E = V/d, where V is the potential difference (9.0 V) and d is the distance between the plates (4.0 mm = 0.004 m). Plugging in the values, we get:
E = 9.0 V/0.004 m = 2.25 * 10^3 N/C
However, since the electric field is between two parallel plates, it is uniform in magnitude and direction, so we need to take the absolute value of the calculated electric field. Therefore, the answer is 2.3 * 10^3 N/C, which is closest to option A.

Question 13

An electron (charge -1.6 * 10^-19C) moves on a path perpendicular to the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the electron as it moves 15 cm? A)4.8 * 10^-20 J B)-4.8 * 10^-20 J C)1.6 * 10^-20 J D)zero

Accepted Answer

Since the electric field is perpendicular to the path of the electron, the angle between the force on the electron and the displacement is 90 degrees. Therefore, the work done by the electric field is zero (W = F*d*cos(theta) = F*d*cos(90) = 0).

Question 14

In which case does an electric field do positive work on a charged particle?
A)A negative charge moves opposite to the direction of the electric field.
B)A positive charge is moved to a point of higher potential energy.
C)A positive charge completes one circular path around a stationary positive charge.
D)A positive charge completes one elliptical path around a stationary positive charge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which case does an electric field...

Question 15

A free electron is in an electric field.With respect to the field, it experiences a force acting:
A)parallel.
B)anti-parallel (opposite in direction).
C)perpendicular.
D)along a constant potential line.

Accepted Answer

A free electron experiences a force in the direction opposite to the electric field because it has a negative charge, and the direction of the force on a charge in an electric field is given by the charge times the electric field vector.

Question 16

A uniform electric field, with a magnitude of 600 N/C, is directed parallel to the positive x-axis.If the potential at x = 3.0 m is 1 000 V, what is the potential at x = 1.0 m?
A)400 V
B)1 600 V
C)2 200 V
D)2 500 V

Accepted Answer

The answer of A uniform electric field, with a magnitude...

Question 17

An electron in a cathode ray tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 5.0 kV.What kinetic energy does the electron gain in the process? (e = 1.6 * 10^-19C) A)1.6 * 10^-16J B)8.0 * 10^-16 J C)1.6 * 10^-22 J D)8.0 * 10²² J

Accepted Answer

The kinetic energy gained by the electron can be calculated using the equation K = qV, where q is the charge of the electron and V is the potential difference. Substituting the given values, we get K = (1.6 * 10^-19 C) * 5000 V = 8.0 * 10^-16 J. Therefore, the correct option is B.

Question 18

If the distance between two negative point charges is increased by a factor of three, the resultant potential energy is what factor times the initial potential energy?
A)3.0
B)9.0
C)1/3
D)1/9

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the distance between two negative point...

Question 19

Four point charges are on the rim of a circle of radius 10 cm.The charges are (in mC) +0.50, +1.5, -1.0, -0.50.If the electrical potential at the circle's center due to the +0.5 charge alone is 4.5 * 10⁴ V, what is the total potential at the center due to the four charges combined? A)18 * 10⁴ V B)4.5 * 10⁴ V C)zero D)-4.5 * 10⁴ V

Accepted Answer

Since potential is a scalar quantity, we can find the total potential at the center by adding the potentials due to each individual charge. We are given the potential due to the +0.5 charge alone, so we just need to find the potential due to the other three charges and add them up.

Using the equation for potential due to a point charge, V=kq/r, where q is the charge, r is the distance from the charge to the center of the circle, and k is Coulomb's constant (9*10^9 N m^2/C^2), we can find the potentials due to the other three charges:

Potential due to +1.5 charge: V=(9*10^9)(1.5*10^-3)/(0.1) = 135 V (positive, since it is the same sign as the +0.5 charge)

Potential due to -1.0 charge: V=(9*10^9)(-1.0*10^-3)/(0.1) = -90 V (negative, since it is the opposite sign of the +0.5 charge)

Potential due to -0.5 charge: V=(9*10^9)(-0.5*10^-3)/(0.1) = -45 V (negative, since it is the opposite sign of the +0.5 charge)

Now we can add up the potentials:

Total potential = (4.5*10^10) + 135 - 90 - 45 = 4.5*10^10 V

So the answer is B.

Question 20

A 9.0-V battery moves 20 mC of charge through a circuit running from its positive terminal to its negative terminal.How much energy was delivered to the circuit? A)2.2 mJ B)0.020 J C)0.18 J D)4.5 * 10³ J

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 9.0-V battery moves 20 mC of...

Quiz 16: Electrical Energy and Capacitance

A proton (+1.6 * 10-19 C) moves 10 cm along the direction of an electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.The electrical potential difference between the proton's initial and ending points is:

If the distance between two isolated parallel plates that are oppositely charged is doubled, the electric field between the plates is essentially unchanged.However, the:

An ion is released from rest and moves due to the force from an electric field from a position in the field having a potential of 14 V to a position having a potential of 8 V.The ion:

An electron is released from rest at the negative plate of a parallel-plate capacitor.If the distance across the plate is 5.0 mm and the potential difference across the plate is 5.0 V, with what velocity does the electron hit the positive plate? (me = 9.1 * 10-31 kg, e = 1.6 * 10-19 C)

The quantity of electrical potential, the volt, is dimensionally equivalent to:

A uniform electric field, with a magnitude of 600 N/C, is directed parallel to the positive x-axis. If the potential at x = 3.0 m is 1 000 V, what is the change in potential energy of a proton as it moves from x = 3.0 m to x = 1.0 m? (qp = 1.6 * 10-19 C)

If an electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 1 200 V, find its approximate velocity at the end of this process.(e = 1.6 * 10-19 C; me = 9.1 * 10-31 kg)

A proton (+1.6 * 10-19 C) moves 10 cm on a path in the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the proton by the electrical field?

Which of the following characteristics are held in common by both gravitational and electrostatic forces when dealing with either point masses or charges?

The unit of electrical potential, the volt, is dimensionally equivalent to:

A 9.0-V battery is connected between two parallel metal plates 4.0 mm apart.What is the magnitude of the electric field between the plates?

An electron (charge -1.6 * 10-19 C) moves on a path perpendicular to the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the electron as it moves 15 cm?

In which case does an electric field do positive work on a charged particle?

A free electron is in an electric field.With respect to the field, it experiences a force acting:

A uniform electric field, with a magnitude of 600 N/C, is directed parallel to the positive x-axis.If the potential at x = 3.0 m is 1 000 V, what is the potential at x = 1.0 m?

An electron in a cathode ray tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 5.0 kV.What kinetic energy does the electron gain in the process? (e = 1.6 * 10-19 C)

If the distance between two negative point charges is increased by a factor of three, the resultant potential energy is what factor times the initial potential energy?

Four point charges are on the rim of a circle of radius 10 cm.The charges are (in mC) +0.50, +1.5, -1.0, -0.50.If the electrical potential at the circle's center due to the +0.5 charge alone is 4.5 * 104 V, what is the total potential at the center due to the four charges combined?

A 9.0-V battery moves 20 mC of charge through a circuit running from its positive terminal to its negative terminal.How much energy was delivered to the circuit?

A proton (+1.6 * 10^-19C) moves 10 cm along the direction of an electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.The electrical potential difference between the proton's initial and ending points is:

An electron is released from rest at the negative plate of a parallel-plate capacitor.If the distance across the plate is 5.0 mm and the potential difference across the plate is 5.0 V, with what velocity does the electron hit the positive plate? (m_e = 9.1 * 10^-31 kg, e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C)

A uniform electric field, with a magnitude of 600 N/C, is directed parallel to the positive x-axis. If the potential at x = 3.0 m is 1 000 V, what is the change in potential energy of a proton as it moves from x = 3.0 m to x = 1.0 m? (q_p = 1.6 * 10^-19 C)

If an electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 1 200 V, find its approximate velocity at the end of this process.(e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C; m_e = 9.1 * 10^-31 kg)

A proton (+1.6 * 10^-19 C) moves 10 cm on a path in the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the proton by the electrical field?

An electron (charge -1.6 * 10^-19C) moves on a path perpendicular to the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C.How much work is done on the electron as it moves 15 cm?

An electron in a cathode ray tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 5.0 kV.What kinetic energy does the electron gain in the process? (e = 1.6 * 10^-19C)

Four point charges are on the rim of a circle of radius 10 cm.The charges are (in mC) +0.50, +1.5, -1.0, -0.50.If the electrical potential at the circle's center due to the +0.5 charge alone is 4.5 * 10⁴ V, what is the total potential at the center due to the four charges combined?