Question 1

Relative to its final adult weight, approximately how much does the brain weigh in a 2-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 2, a child's brain has reached about 75 percent of its adult weight, indicating rapid brain growth and development during early childhood.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding environmental factors related to childhood obesity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is accurate...

Question 3

One reason that young infants often fail to grasp objects within their reach is that their eye-hand coordination is poor.What characteristic of their reaching accounts for this behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Young infants often initiate reaching based on what they see, but they lack the ability to adjust their movements based on visual feedback as they reach, which is what is meant by being visually initiated rather than visually guided.

Question 4

Heredity plays a role in obesity.Which of the following statements supports this claim?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins share the same genetic makeup, so if they have similar body weights despite being raised in different environments, it suggests that genetics (heredity) plays a significant role in determining body weight.

Question 5

The emergence of which of the following is an important precursor to the exploration of objects using both hands?

Accepted Answer

The ability to reach inward to the midline of the body is a crucial developmental milestone that precedes the exploration of objects with both hands. This skill allows infants to bring their hands together at the center of their body, facilitating coordinated hand use and object manipulation.

Question 6

During which period of development is myelinization completed?

Accepted Answer

Myelination, the process of forming a myelin sheath around the nerves to increase the speed at which information travels between nerve cells, continues into early adulthood. This process is crucial for the development of various cognitive and physical abilities.

Question 7

Three-year-old Victoria has just been diagnosed with a thyroid deficiency that doctors suspect was present at birth.What is the most likely long-term outcome for Victoria?

Accepted Answer

If a thyroid deficiency is present from birth and not treated promptly, it can lead to cognitive deficiencies and intellectual disability due to the crucial role of thyroid hormones in brain development.

Question 8

Brain growth during which phase of development is characterized as the "brain growth spurt"?

Accepted Answer

The "brain growth spurt" primarily occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy and continues into infancy, marked by rapid growth and development of the brain's structure and function.

Question 9

What do results from research presented in your text suggest in regard to incorporating activities that promote development of fundamental movement skills and physical activity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What do results from research presented in...

Question 10

Which statement best summarizes the results of research on the role of practice on locomotor development?

Accepted Answer

Locomotor development is influenced by both experience and practice. Lack of experience can inhibit development, while practice can accelerate it, indicating that locomotor skills improve with opportunities for practice.

Question 11

Which of the following patterns of the timing of sexual maturation is most likely to confer social disadvantages to the adolescent?

Accepted Answer

Early maturation in females can lead to social disadvantages due to increased attention and pressure, potential objectification, and challenges in fitting in with peers who are developing at a different pace.

Question 12

In which direction does proximodistal development proceed?

Accepted Answer

Proximodistal development refers to the pattern in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.

Question 13

Ahmad and his parents are living in a refugee camp because a civil war in their country has displaced them from their land.Their diet consists of rice, corn, milk, and whatever wild vegetation that they can procure.Very occasionally they are able obtain meat by capturing small animals that invade the camp.Based on this description, what disorder would you expect Ahmad to develop?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ahmad and his parents are living in...

Question 14

Rada is excited by the fact she has learned to turn the dial on the dishwasher.Every chance she gets, she turns the knob to hear the noise it makes.Based on this description, how old is Rada?

Accepted Answer

At around 10 months old, infants typically develop the fine motor skills necessary to turn knobs and are often fascinated by cause-and-effect actions, such as hearing a noise when they turn a dial.

Question 15

Which statement best characterizes physical growth during the elementary school years?

Accepted Answer

Physical growth during the elementary school years is generally slow and steady, rather than rapid or episodic. This period is characterized by gradual growth in height and weight.

Question 16

What is one reason why older children improve at large-muscle activities such as riding a bicycle?

Accepted Answer

Older children improve at large-muscle activities like riding a bicycle because they develop more refined and efficient techniques of movement. This improvement is due to increased coordination, strength, and experience, which allow them to control their movements better and adapt their techniques for greater efficiency.

Question 17

What does the term menarche refer to?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the term menarche refer to?
...

Question 18

Anna lives in Canada and her pen pal, Mazo, lives in a nonindustrialized developing nation.As these two girls approach adolescence, what is most likely to happen to each with respect to the timing of menarche?

Accepted Answer

Anna, living in Canada (a developed country), is likely to experience menarche earlier than Mazo, who lives in a nonindustrialized developing nation. This is due to better nutrition and health care in developed countries.

Question 19

We often joke "use it or lose it." Does carefully controlled research with nonhuman animals support this statement with respect to the development of the human brain?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that brain size and structure can be influenced by experience in both humans and nonhuman animals, supporting the idea that engaging in various activities can affect brain development and function.

Question 20

What typically happens to a child after a period of malnutrition or illness that is neither prolonged nor severe?

Accepted Answer

After a period of malnutrition or illness that is neither prolonged nor severe, children often experience a period of rapid, compensatory growth. This helps them catch up to their genetically programmed growth trajectory, assuming they receive adequate nutrition and care during the recovery phase.

Quiz 6: Physical Development: the Brain, Body, Motor Skills, and the Beginnings of Sexual Development