Question 1

Kelly is writing a paper on conformity for her psychology class. In order to find the research articles she needs for the paper, the first step for her would be to get an overview of each of the articles that come up in her computer search. She should first read which part of each article?

Accepted Answer

The abstract of an article provides a concise summary of the research, including its purpose, methodology, results, and conclusions, making it the best starting point for getting an overview of the article's relevance to her paper.

Question 2

Deception, invasion of privacy, and lasting harm are considerations in the

Accepted Answer

These considerations are directly related to the ethical guidelines that psychological researchers must follow to ensure the well-being and rights of participants are protected.

Question 3

In the final section of his research report, Dr. Zetta described the results of his study in relation to his original research question, explored implications of his study to health education, and proposed further studies to be conducted. This section of Dr. Zetta's report is called the

Accepted Answer

The discussion section of a research report is where the author interprets the results, relates them back to the research question, explores the implications of the findings, and suggests areas for future research.

Question 4

A researcher would disseminate the results of his or her study to the scientific community during which element of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Publishing results is the phase in the scientific method where a researcher disseminates the findings of their study to the broader scientific community. This step is crucial for peer review, validation, and further research.

Question 5

A psychologist wishes to repeat an experiment in a rural school that was originally conducted in an urban school setting. In order to repeat the specific procedures used to gather the data, this psychologist should pay close attention to which section of the original research report?

Accepted Answer

The method section of a research report provides detailed information on how the study was conducted, including the procedures used to gather data. This would be essential for a psychologist who wishes to repeat an experiment to ensure accuracy and consistency with the original study.

Question 6

In which section of a research report is the outcome of the investigation presented with data being graphed, summarized in tables, or statistically analyzed?

Accepted Answer

The results section of a research report is where the outcomes of the investigation are presented, including data being graphed, summarized in tables, or statistically analyzed. This section directly reports the findings of the study without interpretation.

Question 7

In which section of the research report did Dr. Trenton list the specific procedures he used to gather data in his study?

Accepted Answer

The "method" section of a research report is where the specific procedures used to gather data in the study are described. This includes the research design, participants, materials, and procedure.

Question 8

In a scholarly article in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , Conlon and his colleagues described the question they investigated, the methods they used, and the results of their study comparing goal-focused and achievement-focused dieters. This part of the scientific method is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Publishing results involves describing the research question, methods, and findings, as seen in the scenario provided.

Question 9

In their research report published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , Conlon and his colleagues described their research question regarding whether goal-focused or achievement-focused dieters would lose more weight, and they provided background information on their TOPIC (B-HEAD)by reviewing prior studies on motivation and weight loss. This part of their research report is called the

Accepted Answer

The introduction of a research report typically includes the research question, background information on the topic, and a review of prior studies, which matches the description given.

Question 10

Research reports begin with a very brief summary of the study and its findings. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

The abstract serves as a very brief summary of the research study, including its findings, methodology, and conclusions, allowing readers to quickly grasp the essence of the paper.

Question 11

The results of a study become more credible when other researchers

Accepted Answer

Replication of study results by other researchers adds to the credibility of the findings by demonstrating that the results are consistent and reliable across different studies or conditions.

Question 12

Which section of a research report provides background information by reviewing prior studies on the same or related TOPIC (B-HEAD)s to the current one being investigated?

Accepted Answer

The introduction section of a research report provides background information by reviewing prior studies on the same or related topics to the current investigation, setting the stage for the new research.

Question 13

In which section of their research report did Conlon and his colleagues describe how they assigned participants to one of the three weight loss groups (goal-focused, achievement-focused, and no-focus control)?

Accepted Answer

The assignment of participants to different groups in a research study is part of the methodology, hence it would be described in the "Method" section of the report.

Question 14

Which section of a research report tells how and why observations were made and describes the specific procedures used by the researchers to gather data?

Accepted Answer

The method section of a research report details the procedures used for data collection, including how and why observations were made, making it essential for understanding the research process.

Question 15

The results of psychological studies are published in professional journals because scientific information must always be

Accepted Answer

The results of psychological studies are published in professional journals to make the scientific information publicly available, ensuring transparency, peer review, and accessibility for further research and critique.

Question 16

In a journal article, the researcher reported that statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the study. This outcome from the investigation would be found in which sections(s)of the research article?

Accepted Answer

Statistically significant differences between groups in a study are reported in the Results section, where the findings from the data analysis are presented.

Question 17

The implications of the study and proposals for future research would be found in which section of a research report?

Accepted Answer

The discussion section of a research report typically includes the implications of the study's findings and suggestions for future research. This section interprets the results, discusses their significance, and proposes directions for further investigation.

Question 18

Milgram's study of obedience to authority, in which subjects thought they were shocking another subject, raised questions about which two ethical concerns?

Accepted Answer

Milgram's study raised ethical concerns about deception, as participants were misled about the true nature of the experiment, and the potential for lasting harm to subjects, due to the stress and psychological impact of believing they were harming others.

Question 19

Which of the following presents an ethical problem in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

Deception in psychological research can present an ethical problem because it involves misleading or not fully informing participants about the true nature of the study, which can raise issues of consent and trust between researchers and participants.

Question 20

Four developmental psychologists have been conducting separate research into the patterns of language development of deaf children. They meet in Chicago to discuss, summarize, and, hopefully, interrelate their conclusions from their published works and propose future research on this TOPIC (B-HEAD). Within the framework of the scientific method, these psychologists would most likely be

Accepted Answer

When researchers meet to discuss, summarize, and interrelate their conclusions from published works and propose future research, they are typically engaged in theory building. This process involves synthesizing findings from various studies to develop a comprehensive explanation of a phenomenon, in this case, the patterns of language development of deaf children.

Quiz 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science