Question 1

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between energy restriction and longevity?

Accepted Answer

Improvements in longevity have been observed in various studies where energy intake was reduced without necessarily focusing on the reduction of body fat. This suggests that the act of reducing energy intake itself, rather than the resultant decrease in body fat, may be what contributes to increased longevity.

Question 2

The CDC recommends that older adults engage in strength training at least two (nonconsecutive) days a week, at a moderate to high intensity, for ________ repetitions per exercise.

Accepted Answer

The CDC recommends that older adults engage in strength training at a moderate to high intensity, for 10 to 15 repetitions per exercise on at least two nonconsecutive days per week. This can help them maintain muscle mass, bone density, and overall physical function. It is important for older adults to work with a qualified fitness professional or physical therapist to develop a safe and effective strength training program.

Question 3

By 2030, approximately what fraction of the U.S. population is projected to be 65 years or older?

Accepted Answer

By 2030, it is projected that 1 in 5 Americans will be 65 years or older, reflecting the aging of the baby boomer generation and increased life expectancy.

Question 4

Gavin says his grandmother celebrated her 93rd birthday. Gavin is referring to his grandmother's ________.

Accepted Answer

Gavin is referring to his grandmother's chronological age, which is the actual number of years she has lived.

Question 5

Hunger is persistent when energy is restricted by ________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that when energy is restricted by 30%, hunger persists and increases over time. The body tries to compensate for the lack of energy intake by increasing hunger signals. Therefore, option D (30%) is the best choice.

Question 6

In the United States, woman who live to the age of 85, can expect to survive an additional _______ years, on average.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the United States, woman who live...

Question 7

In general, older people tend to ___________and muscle and _________.

Accepted Answer

As people age, they typically experience a loss of bone density and muscle mass, while gaining body fat. This process is known as sarcopenia and can lead to a variety of health issues, including decreased mobility and an increased risk of falls. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help mitigate these effects of aging.

Question 8

Which of the following accurately describes how men and women respond to stress?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that men and women do have different responses to stress, with women tending to have more of a "tend-and-befriend" response and men tending to have a "fight-or-flight" response. This is believed to be related to differences in hormone levels and brain chemistry.

Question 9

What was the average life expectancy in the United States in 1900?

Accepted Answer

In 1900, the average life expectancy in the United States was approximately 47 years. This was due to higher infant mortality rates and lower medical knowledge and technology compared to modern standards.

Question 10

An estimated ___________ of older adults in the United States are deemed obese.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An estimated ___________ of older adults in...

Question 11

The maximum potential human life span is currently about ________ years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maximum potential human life span is...

Question 12

Nora says her grandfather acts like a 25-year-old man. Nora is referring to her grandfather's ________ age.

Accepted Answer

Nora is referring to her grandfather's physiological age, which is how old his body functions and appears to be, rather than his chronological age (actual age in years).

Question 13

Animal research has shown life-prolonging benefits when energy intake is restricted to about ________ of normal.

Accepted Answer

Research in animals has demonstrated that restricting energy intake to about 70% of normal can lead to life-prolonging benefits.

Question 14

Using animal data to extrapolate to humans, researchers estimate that it would take a person ________ years of restricting energy intake to 30% of normal, to increase life expectancy by 3 years.

Accepted Answer

Based on studies in animals, researchers have estimated that a person would need to restrict their energy intake to 30% of normal for 30 years to potentially increase their life expectancy by 3 years. This is a theoretical extrapolation and actual human studies may vary.

Question 15

In Sardinia, Italy, and Nicoya, Costa Rica, people live long, healthy, and active lives well past 100 years. These places collectively are called ________.

Accepted Answer

These places are collectively called Blue Zones.

Question 16

Reducing energy intake by a minimum of ________ brings about measurable improvements in body fat, blood pressure, insulin response, and blood lipids.

Accepted Answer

Reducing energy intake by a minimum of 10% can lead to measurable improvements in body fat, blood pressure, insulin response, and blood lipids, making it a significant step towards better health.

Question 17

What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the fastest-growing age group in...

Question 18

What is the average life expectancy in the United States today?

Accepted Answer

The average life expectancy in the United States today is approximately 79 years, according to the most recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other health statistics.

Question 19

Since 1950, the population of those older than 65 has almost__________-and it is expected to __________again by 2050.

Accepted Answer

Since 1950, the global population of those older than 65 has almost tripled, reflecting significant advances in healthcare and living standards. This demographic trend is expected to continue, with projections indicating that the population of those older than 65 will double again by 2050, due to ongoing improvements in healthcare, increased life expectancy, and the aging of large population cohorts such as the baby boomers.

Question 20

The verifiably oldest person died in 1997 at the age of _______

Accepted Answer

The verified oldest person on record was Jeanne Calment, who died in 1997 at the age of 122 years. Option A is too young, option C is too far-fetched and not verified, and option D is not accurate as the oldest verified person on record lived to be 122 years old.

Quiz 16: Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years