Question 1

The vestibular system, which is part of ____, is responsible for providing information to the brain on one's location in space and orientation.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular system is a part of the cranial nerve VIII, also known as the vestibulocochlear nerve. This nerve is responsible for transmitting information related to hearing and balance from the inner ear to the brain. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 2

____ is a severe complication of dental infections that causes swelling of the floor of the mouth and neck and potential airway compromise.

Accepted Answer

Ludwig's angina is a severe complication of dental infections that causes swelling of the floor of the mouth and neck, potentially leading to airway compromise. A retropharyngeal abscess is a collection of pus in the retropharyngeal space, which can cause difficulty swallowing and breathing but is not specific to dental infections. Epiglottitis is inflammation of the epiglottis, which can cause difficulty breathing, but it is typically caused by a bacterial infection rather than dental problems. A peritonsillar abscess is a collection of pus near the tonsils and can cause difficulty swallowing and speaking, but it is also not specific to dental infections.

Question 3

____ is defined as vertigo, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and hearing loss.

Accepted Answer

The combination of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss is characteristic of Ménière disease, a disorder of the inner ear.

Question 4

____ is a middle ear infection.

Accepted Answer

Otitis media is a middle ear infection. Otitis externia is an infection of the outer ear. Tinnitus is a ringing or buzzing sound in the ear, and vertigo is a type of dizziness often described as a spinning sensation.

Question 5

A(n) ____ is a small amount of blood dripping down into the pharynx seen on exam.

Accepted Answer

The given description is suggestive of epistaxis, which refers to bleeding from the nose. A small amount of blood dripping down into the pharynx can be seen during examination. Labyrinthitis is a condition that causes inflammation of the inner ear and can lead to dizziness and hearing loss. Epiglottitis is a potentially life-threatening condition in which the epiglottis swells and can cause breathing difficulties. Tinnitus refers to a ringing or buzzing sensation in the ears.

Question 6

Visible ocular foreign bodies should be removed in the prehospital setting.

Accepted Answer

Visible ocular foreign bodies should not be removed in the prehospital setting as it can cause further damage to the eye. The patient should be transported to a medical facility for proper evaluation and removal by a trained medical professional. The only exception is if the foreign body is easily and painlessly removed by flushing it out with water or saline solution.

Question 7

The appropriate disposition for almost all HEENT complaints is the ____.

Accepted Answer

HEENT complaints, which refer to issues involving the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat, can often be serious and require immediate attention, making the emergency department the most appropriate disposition for almost all such complaints.

Question 8

Earache is a frequent complaint, especially in the pediatric population.

Accepted Answer

Earache is a common complaint, especially among children.

Question 9

The various systems of the head and neck, while closely associated functionally, are very different from each other anatomically.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The various systems of the head and...

Question 10

____ is an outer ear infection.

Accepted Answer

Otitis externa is a common outer ear infection that occurs in the ear canal leading to the eardrum. Symptoms of otitis externa often include pain, itching, and discharge from the ear, and it can be caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. Otitis media is an inner ear infection, while tinnitus and vertigo are both symptoms that can be associated with various ear conditions.

Question 11

____ is ringing in the ears.

Accepted Answer

Tinnitus is defined as ringing or buzzing in the ears. Otitis externia and otitis media refer to inflammation or infection of the outer and middle ear respectively, while vertigo is a sensation of spinning or dizziness.

Question 12

____ forms in the posterior tissues of the mouth around the tonsil and occurs as an extension of a bacterial infection involving the tonsil.

Accepted Answer

A peritonsillar abscess forms in the posterior tissues of the mouth around the tonsil and is often a complication of bacterial tonsillitis. Epiglottitis involves inflammation of the epiglottis, a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing. A retropharyngeal abscess is an uncommon but serious infection that can occur deep in the neck. Ludwig's angina is a severe infection of the floor of the mouth and can involve swelling in the neck and airway obstruction.

Question 13

____ is the term used to describe an abnormal sense of motion, often but not always of a spinning nature.

Accepted Answer

Vertigo is the term used to describe an abnormal sense of motion, often but not always of a spinning nature. Otitis media and otitis externia both involve inflammation of the ear, but do not necessarily cause vertigo. Tinnitus is a ringing or buzzing sound in the ear, also unrelated to vertigo.

Question 14

Spontaneous epistaxis is usually divided into two categories: anterior nasal bleeding and posterior nasal bleeding, with the majority being posterior.

Accepted Answer

The majority of spontaneous epistaxis cases are anterior nasal bleeding, not posterior. Anterior bleeds are more common and usually originate from the Kiesselbach plexus in the anterior part of the nasal septum.

Question 15

A(n) ____ is an instrument used to evaluate the inside of the ear canal

Accepted Answer

An otoscope is specifically designed to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane, making it the correct answer. An ophthalmoscope is for examining the eye, and a stethoscope is for listening to sounds in the body such as heartbeats and lung sounds. A tympanoscope is similar to an otoscope, but is used specifically to examine the eardrum instead of the ear canal.

Question 16

Patients with ____ vertigo have vertigo because of their vestibular organs located in the inner ear.

Accepted Answer

Peripheral vertigo is caused by problems in the vestibular organs located in the inner ear. Distal, cranial, and central vertigo are not commonly used terms to describe types of vertigo.

Question 17

The ____ is used to examine the posterior wall of the eye.

Accepted Answer

The ophthalmoscope is a medical instrument used to examine the inside of the eye, including the posterior wall. The stethoscope is used to listen to sounds such as heart and lung sounds. The otoscope is used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane, and the tympanoscope is used to evaluate the middle ear.

Question 18

The regions of the head and neck are anatomically and physiologically so complex that at least six different medical specialties exist to care for specific areas of the head and neck.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The six different medical specialties that care for specific areas of the head and neck include otolaryngology (ENT), oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery, ophthalmology, neurosurgery, and radiation oncology.

Question 19

____ is a bacterial infection located in the soft tissue between the pharynx and vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

The soft tissue infection located between the pharynx and vertebrae is a retropharyngeal abscess. Choices A, B, and C are also infections of the head and neck region but are not located in this specific area.

Question 20

____ is vertigo that occurs due to a change in head position.

Accepted Answer

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is characterized by sudden episodes of vertigo triggered by a change in head position. This condition is caused by small crystals in the inner ear becoming dislodged and floating into the wrong part of the ear canal, affecting the normal movement of the fluid in the inner ear. Ménière disease is a disorder that affects hearing and balance and is characterized by episodes of vertigo, ringing in the ears, and hearing loss. Disequilibrium is a feeling of unsteadiness, imbalance, or loss of equilibrium. Labyrinthitis is an infection or inflammation of the inner ear, which can cause dizziness or vertigo.

Quiz 26: Disorders of Heent