Question 1

Twelve-year-old Shia rarely feels guilty when corrected for doing something wrong. What might this indicate about Shia's continued development?

Accepted Answer

A lack of guilt when corrected for wrongdoing can be a sign of potential antisocial behavior, as guilt is an important emotion for developing empathy and understanding the impact of one's actions on others.

Question 2

Which statement about children's development of pride is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Authentic pride, which is based on real achievements, can reinforce and motivate future positive behaviors, contributing to healthy development.

Question 3

Counterfactual emotion tasks are used to

Accepted Answer

Counterfactual emotion tasks assess whether children understand that emotions are influenced by comparing reality to possible alternatives, such as feeling disappointed when reality doesn't meet expectations.

Question 4

Eleven-year-old Liam is sad that his friend is moving away but understands why his friend is excited since he will move closer to his grandparents and many cousins. This provides evidence of Liam's

Accepted Answer

Liam's understanding of his friend's excitement despite his own sadness demonstrates his skills at theory of mind, which is the ability to understand and consider the perspectives and emotions of others.

Question 5

Sierra's grandparents buy her a new bike for her birthday. The bike is not what Sierra wanted but she sees that the gift makes her grandparents so happy that she smiles and thanks them for the gift. Researchers would point out that Sierra's positive behaviors in response to the gift illustrates her understanding of

Accepted Answer

Sierra's behavior demonstrates her understanding of display rules, which are social norms about how and when to express emotions appropriately, often to maintain social harmony or avoid hurting others' feelings.

Question 6

A child who has difficulty with emotional regulation can often respond in unhealthy ways. Two key problem behaviors that result from low emotional regulation include

Accepted Answer

Internalizing behaviors involve directing emotions inward, leading to issues like anxiety or depression, while externalizing behaviors involve directing emotions outward, resulting in actions like aggression or defiance.

Question 7

A child is being teased on the playground for her clothing choice. Instead of getting upset with those teasing her, she decides to think about how pleased she is to wear the new outfit she saw on a popular social media star, whatever others say. This emotional regulation strategy is an example of

Accepted Answer

The child is using emotion-centered coping by focusing on her positive feelings about her clothing choice rather than the negative comments from others.

Question 8

Emotional self-efficacy is the

Accepted Answer

Emotional self-efficacy refers to the confidence in one's ability to manage and express emotions appropriately, indicating a sense of control over one's emotional responses.

Question 9

William and Sheri are parents of a 12-year-old boy who was just rejected by a girl that he liked. William and Sheri listened to their son share his feelings and provided guidance on ways to manage his feelings of rejection. William and Sheri were utilizing _______ to help their son.

Accepted Answer

William and Sheri were utilizing emotion coaching, which involves helping a child understand and manage their emotions by listening, empathizing, and guiding them through emotional experiences.

Question 10

Children who have experienced repeated maltreatment

Accepted Answer

Children who have experienced repeated maltreatment often become highly sensitive to signs of distress in others as a survival mechanism, allowing them to anticipate and react to potential threats.

Question 11

Why is some level of conflict with peers and siblings healthy for a child's development?

Accepted Answer

Conflict with peers and siblings helps children learn to regulate their emotions, such as anger and guilt, which is an important aspect of emotional development.

Question 12

_______ is an emotion that is praised in many European-American communities but discouraged in some Asian communities.

Accepted Answer

Pride is often encouraged in European-American cultures as a positive emotion related to individual achievement, while some Asian cultures may discourage it to promote humility and group harmony.

Question 13

Children in middle childhood who experience success at their initiatives, rather than failure, are likely to feel positive and motivated to try new things. This is in line with _______ theory.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development includes the stage of "Industry vs. Inferiority," where children in middle childhood develop a sense of competence and motivation when they experience success in their initiatives.

Question 14

Damon and Hart's research indicates that children have a more complex view of their identity because of several cognitive advances. These include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Damon and Hart's research suggests that children develop a more complex view of their identity by moving from focusing on external, observable characteristics to internal ones, not the other way around.

Question 15

Jenny is in fourth grade. She thinks that she is not as pretty or as smart as the kids in her class. Jenny is using _______ in evaluating herself.

Accepted Answer

Jenny is using social comparison to evaluate herself, as she is comparing her attributes to those of her classmates.

Question 16

Knowledge about gender stereotypes becomes stronger and more automatic in middle childhood compared to early childhood. This finding is confirmed through the use of

Accepted Answer

The implicit association test (IAT) is used to measure automatic associations and can reveal the strength of gender stereotypes that become more ingrained and automatic in middle childhood.

Question 17

Paul wants to be a financial advisor rather than a nurse like his father because Paul believes financial advisors are more powerful. Paul's view best reflects

Accepted Answer

Paul's view reflects a middle childhood understanding of status differences in gender-typical occupations, as he perceives financial advisors as having more power compared to nurses, which is a common perception of occupational status.

Question 18

Children are not fully accepting of peers who engage in "other-gender behaviors"

Accepted Answer

Children tend to be less accepting of peers who engage in "other-gender behaviors" throughout childhood, but they become more flexible and understanding as they grow older and develop more complex thinking.

Question 19

Which best describes a child's understanding of ethnic and racial identity in middle childhood?

Accepted Answer

During middle childhood, children begin to understand that their ethnic and racial identities are stable and will remain with them, as they develop a more complex understanding of these concepts.

Question 20

Research of in-group and out-group biases supports which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research of in-group and out-group biases supports...

Quiz 13: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood