Question 1

The perception of temperature is accomplished by these receptors embedded in the skin.

Accepted Answer

Thermoreceptors are specialized sensory receptors in the skin that respond to changes in temperature, allowing us to perceive warmth and cold.

Question 2

Though there are no specific receptors designed to receive pain, nociceptors are characterized as

Accepted Answer

Nociceptors are free nerve endings that are distributed throughout the body and are responsible for detecting pain stimuli.

Question 3

Why is the transmission of first pain much quicker than the transmission of second pain?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the transmission of first pain...

Question 4

Second pain is more closely related to learning and motivation than first pain because

Accepted Answer

Second pain is slower and generally more unpleasant than first pain, which makes it more closely related to learning and motivation. This is because the more unpleasant and longer-lasting nature of second pain can have a stronger impact on an individual's learning and motivational systems, encouraging them to avoid similar painful experiences in the future.

Question 5

The gelatinous mass of small neurons in the outer layer of the spinal column, known as the substantia gelatinosa is key to this theory of pain perception.

Accepted Answer

The gate-control theory of pain suggests that the substantia gelatinosa in the spinal cord acts as a "gate" that either blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain. This theory explains how psychological factors can influence pain perception.

Question 6

Gate-control theory describes the action of neurons that inhibit transmission of pain signals from the spinal cord to the brain. The signals are called

Accepted Answer

Gate-control theory involves the concept of "gating" pain signals, where certain neural mechanisms can inhibit the transmission of pain signals to the brain, effectively acting as a gate. These mechanisms are referred to as "anti-nociceptive," where "nociceptive" refers to pain signaling. Thus, the signals that inhibit pain transmission are known as anti-nociceptive signals.

Question 7

Engaging in an absorbing activity like video-game playing or completing a crossword puzzle can reduce pain intensity by up to 40% because

Accepted Answer

Engaging in an absorbing activity can reduce pain intensity by directing attention away from processing pain signals, thus decreasing the perception of pain.

Question 8

One form of distraction involves physiological stimulation at other sites in the body away from the source of the pain. This is called

Accepted Answer

Counter-irritation involves creating a minor irritation or stimulation at a site on the body away from the source of pain, which can help to distract the brain from the original pain, thereby reducing the perception of the original pain.

Question 9

Which of the following activities was not discussed among the alternative pain control methods in the text?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following activities was not...

Question 10

The basic premise of Gestalt psychology is that human beings have a tendency to perceive ____________ of objects and the world.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology emphasizes that humans perceive objects and the world as meaningful wholes rather than as isolated parts or fragmented sensory impressions. This approach suggests that our minds are structured to organize sensory input into a unified whole.

Question 11

Which of the Gestalt visual illusions best illustrates the relationship between attention to the figure and the ground of an image?

Accepted Answer

The face-urn illusion (also known as the Rubin Vase) is a classic example of figure-ground perception, illustrating how our focus can shift between the vase (the figure) and the two faces (the ground), depending on what we attend to. This illusion directly demonstrates the relationship between figure and ground in visual perception, as described by Gestalt psychology principles.

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the original Gestalt perceptual grouping laws?

Accepted Answer

Change blindness is not a Gestalt perceptual grouping law; it refers to a phenomenon where changes in a visual stimulus are not noticed by the observer.

Question 13

When you are looking out a window at the street and see a parked car partially blocked by a telephone pole, you perceive the car as a whole object, even though your sensations of it are disjointed. This is due to the gestalt law of

Accepted Answer

The gestalt law of closure explains how we perceive objects as whole even when they are partially obscured or incomplete. In this scenario, the mind fills in the missing parts of the car obscured by the telephone pole, allowing us to perceive it as a complete object.

Question 14

The visual cliff experiment by Gibson and Walk (1960) demonstrated that infants would crawl over a glass table over a steep drop only if

Accepted Answer

The visual cliff experiment showed that infants who have developed depth perception would avoid crawling over the glass table with a steep drop, indicating they perceive the depth and potential danger.

Question 15

Much in the way that stereophonic sound creates an illusion of depth by emphasizing different sounds in different speakers, your retinas collect slightly different images of the world which allow for this binocular depth cue.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images perceived by each eye due to their different positions on the face. This difference is crucial for depth perception, allowing the brain to gauge the distance to objects by comparing the two images.

Question 16

The binocular depth cue, convergence, works because

Accepted Answer

Convergence as a binocular depth cue involves the inward movement of the eyes when we focus on nearby objects. The brain receives signals from the muscles controlling eye movement, indicating how much convergence is occurring, which helps in perceiving depth.

Question 17

The Ames room, in which people can appear to be large or small depending upon their position in the room, most exploits this monocular depth cue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Ames room, in which people can...

Question 18

The Ponzo illusion where two equally sized squares look to be different sizes because of their position relative to the other elements of the figure is an example of this monocular depth cue.

Accepted Answer

The Ponzo illusion is an example of the linear perspective monocular depth cue, where parallel lines appear to converge in the distance, affecting our perception of size based on the perceived distance.

Question 19

Unlike the binocular depth cues, the monocular depth cues depend greatly on

Accepted Answer

Monocular depth cues rely on the mental assumptions and perceptions humans have about their environments, allowing us to judge depth and distance with just one eye.

Question 20

As your friend drives away from you, the image of her car cases an increasingly smaller image on your retina, but you do not perceive the car shrinking. This is because of

Accepted Answer

Size constancy allows us to perceive objects as maintaining a constant size, even though the size of the object's image on our retina changes with distance.

Quiz 5: Perception and the Senses